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1、第四節(jié)定語(yǔ)從句的寫作 技法指導(dǎo) 一、寫作中常用的幾種定語(yǔ)從句 1關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 關(guān)系代詞who，whom，whose，that，which，as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句是寫作的一大重點(diǎn)，尤其是which和as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句在高考范文中更是屢見不鮮。 In my opinion，those who have received her donation will be encouraged to study even harder and try their best to achieve success.(2014廣東高考滿分作文) But the best gift I have rec

2、eived is a watch，which my dad gave me on my last birthday.(2014重慶高考滿分作文) 但我收到的最好的禮物是一塊表，是上次生日我爸爸給我的。 2關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句是指when，where，why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。 The reason why people celebrate the festival is that they believe it is the time when the moon is at its fullest and brightest in the whole year，and p

3、eople will gather together eating moon cakes and appreciating the full moon.(2013遼寧高考滿分作文) 人們慶祝這個(gè)節(jié)日的原因是，他們相信這時(shí)候是一年中月亮最滿、最亮的時(shí)候，人們聚在一起吃月餅、賞滿月。 3“介詞which/whom”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 Our class is made up of 52 students，all of whom are friendly and hardworking.(2014天津高考書面表達(dá)) 我們班由52個(gè)學(xué)生組成，所有人都很友好，很勤奮。 學(xué)以致用 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空 1Tho

4、se who do simple and ordinary jobs are also promoting the development of the society.(2013廣東高考滿分作文) 2Every one of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and gives full play to your DIY skills.(2014遼寧高考滿分作文) 3My teacher advised me to repeat the materials several times

5、 and read them aloud，which they think will help improve my memory.(2013四川高考書面表達(dá)) 4I will never forget the days when we worked in the small town. 5She was educated at Beijing University，after which she went to have her advanced study abroad. 二、定語(yǔ)從句的寫法 定語(yǔ)從句是比較難掌握而又是學(xué)生在寫作中喜歡嘗試的復(fù)雜句，因此在寫作時(shí)可采用“三步法”： 第一步：寫

6、出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。 第二步：在一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句中找出一個(gè)要修飾的詞匯，這個(gè)詞在兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句中都有。 第三步：把另一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句改成定語(yǔ)從句，要特別注意引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。 【示例】 第一步：寫出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。 The foreigner is from Canada. He visited our class yesterday. 第二步：在句中找出一個(gè)要修飾的詞匯：the foreigner。 第三步：用句充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句，the foreigner為先行詞指人，句中的代詞he指代the foreigner且在句子中作主語(yǔ)，故用who或that作引導(dǎo)詞。 The foreigner who/that visited o

7、ur class yesterday is from Canada. 學(xué)以致用 把下列每組題中的兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為一個(gè)含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句 1Ive always longed for the days. I will be able to be independent then. Ive_always_longed_for_the_days_when_I_will_be_able_to_be_independent. 2I have a friend. Her father is an engineer. I_have_a_friend_whose_father_is_an_engineer.

8、 3They planted the trees. The trees didnt need much water. They_planted_the_trees_that/which_didnt_need_much_water. 4This is the best method. It can be used against pollution. This_is_the_best_method_that_can_be_used_against_pollution. 5They sent the elderly some fruits，cleaned the rooms and had a g

9、ood chat with them. The elderly always feel lonely. They_sent_some_fruits_to_the_elderly_who_always_feel_lonely，cleaned_the_rooms_and_had_a_good_chat_with_them. 三、定語(yǔ)從句寫作的幾點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng) 1誤用關(guān)系詞 誤：I live in Beijing，where is the capital of China. 正：I live in Beijing，which is the capital of China. 誤：I have a fri

10、end，whos name is Liu Mei. 正：I have a friend，whose name is Liu Mei. 2句子殘缺 誤：There were many students took part in the English competition. 正：There were many students who took part in the English competition. 誤：Those who in favor of the proposal，please raise your hands. 正：Those who are in favor of the

11、 proposal，please raise your hands. 3有多余詞 誤：The film I saw it last night was really very good. 正：The film I saw last night was really very good. 誤：Last week，I returned to the village where I grew up there in my childhood. 正：Last week，I returned to the village where I grew up in my childhood. 4定語(yǔ)從句與并列

12、句的混淆 誤：In fact，smoking is a bad habit，it does great harm to peoples health. 正：In fact，smoking is a bad habit，which/and it does great harm to peoples health. 誤：His parents told him many times not to play beside the river，it didnt help. 正：His parents told him many times not to play beside the river，wh

13、ich/but it didnt help. 學(xué)以致用 單句改錯(cuò) 1Those have work experience can find a job easily._ 答案Those后加who 2Some songs remind us of the people which we love._ 答案which who(m) 3This is the factory we visited it last year._ 答案去掉it 4She has been a teacher for 30 years in the place where used to be a poor area._

14、答案where which/that 5As a child，Jack studied in a village school，it is named after his grandfather._ 答案it which或在it前加and 演練提升 .完成句子 1曾經(jīng)，我在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)中，尤其在詞匯和語(yǔ)法方面面對(duì)著一個(gè)難題，依我看，它不可能被克服。 Once，I was faced with great difficulty in learning English，especially in vocabulary and grammar，which，from my point of view，is

15、_unlikely_to_overcome(2014山東高考滿分作文) 2當(dāng)今，父母為他們的獨(dú)生子女做所有的事情，這使得這些獨(dú)生子女非常依賴于父母。 Nowadays parents have done everything for their single children，which_makes_the_children_rely_on_their_parents badly.(2013福建高考滿分作文) 3你知道，中國(guó)結(jié)非常受中國(guó)人的喜歡。 As_you_know，Chinese knots are very popular with Chinese people.(2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷

16、滿分作文) 4從短文中，我們會(huì)了解到一個(gè)善良的洗衣女工，盡管工資低但她決定用節(jié)省下的錢捐助一所大學(xué)一筆錢，希望可幫助到那些財(cái)政有困難的學(xué)生。 From the passage，we have learned that a kind laundry woman who_got_paid_lowly decided to donate to a university a great deal of money she_had_saved by living a simple life，hoping to help those students with financial problems.(20

17、14廣東高考滿分作文) 5我經(jīng)常想起被陌生人的言語(yǔ)傷害和侮辱的時(shí)候，甚至有時(shí)是來自熟悉的人。 I often think about the times when_I have felt_hurt and_insulted_by_rude_remarks_from_strangers and sometimes even from acquaintances. .請(qǐng)按以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)寫一篇有關(guān)你的同學(xué)Kate的英語(yǔ)短文，盡可能多地使用定語(yǔ)從句。 1我有一個(gè)同學(xué)叫Kate，她的媽媽是我以前的英語(yǔ)老師。 2Kate是一個(gè)容易相處的人，我們都喜歡她。 3Kate在此次口語(yǔ)競(jìng)賽中獲得第一名，這使得她媽媽很

18、高興。 4新年就要到了，到時(shí)Kate會(huì)和她媽媽一起去香港。 5眾所周知，香港是一個(gè)購(gòu)物天堂，Kate打算在那里買她需要的東西。 【參考范文】 I_have_a_classmate_called_Kate，whose_mother_is my_former_English_teacher._Kate_is_a_girl_who_is_easy_to_get_along_with_and_we_all_like_her._Kate_took_the_first_place_in_the_Speech_Contest，which_makes_her_mother_happy._The_New_Year_is_coming，when Kate will_go to_Hong_Kong together with her mother. As we all know，Hong_Kong_is_a_shopping_paradise，where_Kate_intends_to_buy_what_she_needs.