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1、第六節(jié)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的寫(xiě)作 技法指導(dǎo) 眾所周知，作文中出現(xiàn)過(guò)多的簡(jiǎn)單句會(huì)讓人覺(jué)得單調(diào)乏味，句子與句子之間的關(guān)系顯得松散；而文章中過(guò)多地出現(xiàn)復(fù)合句又顯得累贅，讀起來(lái)費(fèi)勁。恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單句和復(fù)合句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，不僅句型多樣，句子活潑，而且讀起來(lái)結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，言簡(jiǎn)意明。 一、運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單句 寫(xiě)作時(shí)，我們可以利用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞對(duì)兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，使其成為較高級(jí)的表達(dá)方式。轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí)可采用三步法。 第一步：寫(xiě)出兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。 第二步：找準(zhǔn)兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的對(duì)接點(diǎn)，讓一個(gè)句子作為主干，另一個(gè)句子用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)。 第三步：判斷應(yīng)用何種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，把握好時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，最后連接起來(lái)。 【示例】 第一步：寫(xiě)出兩個(gè)

2、簡(jiǎn)單句。 I feel quite sorry for that. I begin to think about what to do to help. 第二步：讓句作主句，用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞改寫(xiě)句。 第三步：句表示原因，其動(dòng)詞feel與主語(yǔ)I之間為主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)。 Feeling quite sorry for that，I begin to think about what to do to help.(2013陜西高考滿(mǎn)分作文) 其他幾個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)換的例子如下： 1另一方面，我將幫著建立英語(yǔ)角，提供給我們學(xué)生一個(gè)練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)的平臺(tái)。 On the other hand，I wil

3、l help set up the English corner. I will provide us students a platform to practice our oral English. On the other hand，I will help set up the English corner，providing us students a platform to practice our oral English.(2013天津高考滿(mǎn)分作文)(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)) 2這兒的人都喜歡湯姆寫(xiě)的那本小說(shuō)。 All the people here like the novel. It

4、 is written by Tom. All the people here like the novel written by Tom.(過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)) 3我們應(yīng)該多講英語(yǔ)。我們認(rèn)為這是很重要的。 We should speak more English. We think it is very important. We think it very important to speak more English.(it作形式賓語(yǔ)，不定式作真正賓語(yǔ)) 學(xué)以致用 運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單句 1We were touched by the teachers words. We decided

5、to work hard.(用過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)) Touched by the teachers words，we decided to work hard. 2I didnt receive her letter. I had to write again.(用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)) Not having received her letter，I had to write again. 3The boy came to school late again. This made the teacher very angry.(用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)) The boys coming to school la

6、te again made the teacher very angry. 4The boys were making the most of time. They wanted to finish the work earlier.(用不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)) The boys were making the most of time (so as) to finish the work earlier. 5I saw an old granny. She lay on the ground. I went over to help her.(用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)) Seeing an old gra

7、nny lying on the ground，I went over to help her. 二、運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句 用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句比轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單句要容易一些，因?yàn)樾柁D(zhuǎn)換的一般是從句部分，這時(shí)只需要判斷用何種非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，再把握好時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)即可，所以只需兩步。 【示例】 第一步：寫(xiě)出復(fù)合句。 After we had practiced playing basketball for almost two months，we strongly desired to be the winner. 第二步：把a(bǔ)fter引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，practice與we之間為主謂關(guān)

8、系，且表示完成，故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成時(shí)作狀語(yǔ)。 Having practiced playing basketball for almost two months，we strongly desired to be the winner.(2013湖南高考滿(mǎn)分作文) 其他幾個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)換的例子如下： 1驚詫于他們的熟練程度，我決心要像他們一樣好。 Because I was amazed at how skillful they were，I determined to be just as good. Amazed at how skillful they were，I determined to b

9、e just as good.(2013浙江高考滿(mǎn)分作文)(過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)) 2看到一輛車(chē)朝她而來(lái)，我伸出手把她拉了回來(lái)。 When I saw a car running towards her，I reached my hand out and pulled her back. Seeing a car running towards her，I reached my hand out and pulled her back.(2013安徽高考滿(mǎn)分作文)(現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)) 3這里曾有一家化肥廠，位于城市的南邊。它每天釋放出大量有毒氣體，污染環(huán)境。 There was a large fac

10、tory，which produced fertilizer. Every day it gave out a lot of poisonous gas，which polluted the environment. There was a large factory，which produced fertilizer. Every day it gave out a lot of poisonous gas，polluting the environment. 簡(jiǎn)析：“原句”中分別由which引導(dǎo)兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，重復(fù)且單調(diào)，將第二個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)后，不僅表達(dá)多樣，而且言簡(jiǎn)意明

11、。 4由于老師的幫助，我的英語(yǔ)進(jìn)步很大。因?yàn)槲业挠⒄Z(yǔ)進(jìn)步很大，我確信我能考上更好的大學(xué)。 Because my teacher helps me，my English has greatly improved. Because my English has greatly improved，Im sure I will go to a better university. With my teacher helping me，my English has greatly improved. Because my English has greatly improved，Im sure I wi

12、ll go to a better university. 簡(jiǎn)析：“原句”兩處重復(fù)出現(xiàn)由because引導(dǎo)的從句，讀起來(lái)很別扭。換用“with現(xiàn)在分詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”后，讀起來(lái)給人的感覺(jué)大不一樣。 學(xué)以致用 運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換復(fù)合句 1As soon as they saw a few people still in the burning house，they rushed into it to save them without hesitation. On seeing a few people still in the burning house，they rushed into it t

13、o save them without hesitation. 2We think it is necessary that middle school students should learn a foreign language and we also think that it is possible that they can master one. We think it is necessary that middle school students should learn a foreign language and we also think it possible for

14、 them to master one 3I took part in the meeting，which was held in Beijing last Friday. It was very instructive，which was hosted by a manager who came to our company yesterday. I took part in the meeting held in Beijing last Friday. It was very instructive，which was hosted by a manager coming to our

15、company yesterday. 4Mother went to work in a hurry，and she didnt have breakfast. She was as busy as a bee these days and came back home very late. Mother went to work in a hurry without having breakfast. She was as busy as a bee these days，coming back home very late 三、運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換短文(根據(jù)一般表達(dá)寫(xiě)出該短文的高級(jí)表達(dá)) 北

16、京市有大量的出租車(chē)司機(jī)，他們每天全心全意地為乘客服務(wù)，對(duì)北京市的交通發(fā)揮著重要作用。他們起早貪黑，賺錢(qián)養(yǎng)家糊口。有一次，我下車(chē)時(shí)不小心把手機(jī)忘在了車(chē)上，但當(dāng)我和司機(jī)同志聯(lián)系上之后，他立即開(kāi)車(chē)把手機(jī)送到了我的家門(mén)口，讓我感動(dòng)不已。 一般表達(dá)： There are a large number of taxi drivers in Beijing. They serve passengers heart and soul. They play an important part in the traffic of Beijing.They make some money. They work fr

17、om dawn till night. One day，I left my cellphone in the taxi I took. I got in touch with the driver. He drove to my home and gave it back to me. I was very excited. 高級(jí)表達(dá)： There are a large number of taxi drivers in Beijing，serving passengers heart and soul and playing an important part in the traffic

18、 of Beijing. In order to make some money to support their families，they work from dawn till night. One day，I got out of the taxi in a hurry with my cellphone left in the taxi I took. On hearing what had happened，the taxi driver drove to my home as fast as possible and gave the cellphone back to me.

19、Seeing my cellphone again，I was too excited to say a word. 學(xué)以致用 運(yùn)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換短文 大城市里高樓大廈林立，房?jī)r(jià)越來(lái)越高。一方面，很多人無(wú)房居住，另一方面，大量房子卻賣(mài)不出去。不少人即使買(mǎi)了一套住房，恐怕也要一輩子辛辛苦苦工作來(lái)還銀行貸款。我們希望政府采取措施，關(guān)心這些收入不高的人群。 一般表達(dá)： There are more and more tall buildings in big cities. Their prices are going up day by day. On one hand，there are sti

20、ll lots of people. They have no houses to live in. On the other hand，many apartments are hard to be sold out. Even if you buy an apartment，Im afraid you have to pay off the money you borrow from the bank. You will work hard day and night all your life. I do hope our government can take strong measur

21、es to solve the housing problem and take care of the people. Their incomes are low. 高級(jí)表達(dá)： There are more and more tall buildings in big cities，with their prices going up day by day. On one hand，there are still lots of people having no houses to live in. On the other hand，many apartments are hard to

22、be sold out. Even if you have bought an apartment，Im afraid you have to try to pay off the money borrowed from the bank，working hard day and night all your life. I do hope our government can take strong measures to solve the housing problem，showing great concern for the people whose incomes are not

23、high enough. 演練提升 請(qǐng)按以下內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文，盡可能多地使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 1在陰歷1月1日慶賀中國(guó)的陰歷(lunar)年，也被稱(chēng)作春節(jié)，受到全世界所有中國(guó)人的喜愛(ài)。 2像世界上許多其他人一樣，中國(guó)喜歡慶賀他們傳統(tǒng)的節(jié)日和春天的到來(lái)。 3在春節(jié)，大部分中國(guó)人更愿意待在家里，吃大餐、與家人聊天；其他一些人可能會(huì)去走訪(fǎng)朋友或者度長(zhǎng)假。 4另外，人們會(huì)在新年的到來(lái)之際說(shuō)“新年快樂(lè)”以表達(dá)良好的祝愿。 5這也是孩子們的節(jié)日，他們會(huì)打扮得漂漂亮亮地，然后和父母一塊去親戚家里，會(huì)得到壓歲錢(qián)。 【參考范文】 Observed/Celebrated on January 1 lunar mo

24、nth，Chinese Lunar New Years Day，also called the Spring Festival，is popular with all the Chinese people all over the world. Like many other people in the world，Chinese enjoy celebrating their traditional festival and the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival，most people prefer to stay at home，havi

25、ng big meals and chatting with family members while others may take a trip to visit their friends or to spend their long holiday. Besides，people will say “Happy New Year Spring Festival” to express good wishes for the coming New Year. It is also a childrens festival，when they can dress up and go to their relatives homes with their parents to get lucky money in red paper.