計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)_龐皓_第三版課后答案
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1、 2.1 (1)①首先分析人均壽命與人均 GDP的數(shù)量關(guān)系,用 Eviews分析: Depe ndent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/27/14 Time: 21:00 Sample: 1 22 In cluded observatio ns: 22 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. C 56.64794 1.960820 28.88992 0.0000 X1 0.128360 0.027242 4.711834 0.0001 R
2、-squared 0.526082 Mean depe ndent var 62.50000 Adjusted R-squared 0.502386 S.D.dependent var 10.08889 S.E. of regressi on 7.116881 Akaike info criterion 6.849324 Sum squared resid 1013.000 Schwarz criteri on 6.948510 Log likelihood -73.34257 Hannan-Quinn criter. 6.872689 F-statis
3、tic 22.20138 Durbin-Wats on stat 0.629074 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000134 有上可知,關(guān)系式為 y=56.64794+0.128360x1 ② 關(guān)于人均壽命與成人識(shí)字率的關(guān)系,用 Eviews分析如下: Depe ndent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 11/26/14 Time: 21:10 Sample: 1 22 In cluded observatio ns: 22 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error
4、t-Statistic Prob. C 38.79424 3.532079 10.98340 0.0000 X2 0.331971 0.046656 7.115308 0.0000 R-squared 0.716825 Mean depe ndent var 62.50000 Adjusted R-squared 0.702666 S.D.dependent var 10.08889 S.E. of regressi on 5.501306 Akaike info criterion 6.334356 Sum squared resid 605.2
5、873 Schwarz criterio n 6.433542 Log likelihood -67.67792 Hannan-Quinn criter. 6.357721 F-statistic 50.62761 Durbin-Wats on stat 1.846406 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000001 由上可知,關(guān)系式為 y=38.79424+0.331971x2 ③ 關(guān)于人均壽命與一歲兒童疫苗接種率的關(guān)系,用 Eviews分析如下: Depe ndent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares
6、Date: 11/26/14 Time: 21:14 Sample: 1 22 In cluded observatio ns: 22 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. C 31.79956 6.536434 4.864971 0.0001 X3 0.387276 0.080260 4.825285 0.0001 R-squared 0.537929 Mean depe ndent var 62.50000 Adjusted R-squared 0.514825 S.D.depende
7、nt var 10.08889 S.E. of regressi on 7.027364 Akaike info criterion 6.824009 Sum squared resid 987.6770 Schwarz criteri on 6.923194 Log likelihood -73.06409 Hannan-Quinn criter. 6.847374 F-statistic 23.28338 Durbin-Wats on stat 0.952555 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000103 由上可知,關(guān)系式為 y=3
8、1.79956+0.387276x3 (2[①關(guān)于人均壽命與人均 GDP模型,由上可知,可決系數(shù)為 0.526082,說(shuō)明所建模型 整體上對(duì)樣本數(shù)據(jù)擬合較好。 對(duì)于回歸系數(shù)的t檢驗(yàn):t (3 1)=4.711834>t 0.025 (20)=2.086,對(duì)斜率系數(shù)的顯著性檢驗(yàn) 表明,人均GDP對(duì)人均壽命有顯著影響。 ② 關(guān)于人均壽命與成人識(shí)字率模型,由上可知,可決系數(shù)為 0.716825,說(shuō)明所建模型整體 上對(duì)樣本數(shù)據(jù)擬合較好。 對(duì)于回歸系數(shù)的t檢驗(yàn):t (3 2)=7.115308>t 0.025 (20)=2.086,對(duì)斜率系數(shù)的顯著性檢驗(yàn)表 明,成人識(shí)字率對(duì)人均壽命有顯著
9、影響。 ③ 關(guān)于人均壽命與一歲兒童疫苗的模型,由上可知,可決系數(shù)為 0.537929,說(shuō)明所建模型 整體上對(duì)樣本數(shù)據(jù)擬合較好。 對(duì)于回歸系數(shù)的t檢驗(yàn):t (3 3)=4.825285>t 0.025 (20)=2.086,對(duì)斜率系數(shù)的顯著性檢驗(yàn) 表明,一歲兒童疫苗接種率對(duì)人均壽命有顯著影響。 22 (1) ① 對(duì)于浙江省預(yù)算收入與全省生產(chǎn)總值的模型,用 Eviews分析結(jié)果如下: Depe ndent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/03/14 Time: 17:00 Sample (adjusted): 1 33
10、In cluded observatio ns: 33 after adjustme nts Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. X 0.176124 0.004072 43.25639 0.0000 C -154.3063 39.08196 -3.948274 0.0004 R-squared 0.983702 Mean depe ndent var 902.5148 Adjusted R-squared 0.983177 S.D.dependent var 1351.009 S.E.
11、 of regressi on 175.2325 Akaike info criterion 13.22880 Sum squared resid 951899.7 Schwarz criteri on 13.31949 Log likelihood -216.2751 Hannan-Quinn criter. 13.25931 F-statistic 1871.115 Durbin-Wats on stat 0.100021 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 ②由上可知,模型的參數(shù):斜率系數(shù) 0.176124,截距為一154.3
12、063 ③關(guān)于浙江省財(cái)政預(yù)算收入與全省生產(chǎn)總值的模型,檢驗(yàn)?zāi)P偷娘@著性: 1) 可決系數(shù)為0.983702,說(shuō)明所建模型整體上對(duì)樣本數(shù)據(jù)擬合較好。 2) 對(duì)于回歸系數(shù)的t檢驗(yàn):t ( 3 2) =43.25639>t 0.025(31)=2.0395,對(duì)斜率系數(shù)的顯著性檢 驗(yàn)表明,全省生產(chǎn)總值對(duì)財(cái)政預(yù)算總收入有顯著影響。 ④ 用規(guī)范形式寫出檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下: Y=0.176124X —154.3063 (0.004072) (39.08196) t= (43.25639) (-3.948274 ) R2=0.983702 F=1871.115 n=33
13、 ⑤經(jīng)濟(jì)意義是:全省生產(chǎn)總值每增加 1億元,財(cái)政預(yù)算總收入增加 0.176124億元。 (2 )當(dāng) x=32000 時(shí), ① 進(jìn)行點(diǎn)預(yù)測(cè),由上可知 Y=0.176124X —154.3063,代入可得: Y= Y=0.176124*32000 —154.3063=5481.6617 ② 進(jìn)行區(qū)間預(yù)測(cè): 先由Eviews分析: X Y Mea n 6000.441 902.5148 Media n 2689.280 209.3900 Maximum 27722.31 4895.410 Minimum 123.7200 25.87000 Std.
14、Dev. 7608.021 1351.009 Skew ness 1.432519 1.663108 Kurtosis 4.010515 4.590432 Jarque-Bera 12.69068 18.69063 Probability 0.001755 0.000087 Sum 198014.5 29782.99 Sum Sq. Dev. 1.85E+09 58407195 Observati ons 33 33 由上表可知, E2=E(Xi—X) 2= ix(n —1)= 7608.021 2 x
15、(33—1)=1852223.473 (Xf—X)2=(32000 — 6000.441)2=675977068.2 當(dāng)Xf=32000時(shí),將相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)代入計(jì)算得到: 5481.6617 — 2.0395x175.2325x V 1/33+1852223.473/675977068.2 < Yf < 5481.6617+2.0395x175.2325x V 1/33+1852223.473/675977068.2 即 Yf 的置信區(qū)間為(5481.6617 —64.9649, 5481.6617+64.9649 ) (3)對(duì)于浙江省預(yù)算收入對(duì)數(shù)與全省生產(chǎn)總值對(duì)數(shù)的模型,由 Eview
16、s分析結(jié)果如下: Depe ndent Variable: LNY Method: Least Squares Date: 12/03/14 Time: 18:00 Sample (adjusted): 1 33 In cluded observatio ns: 33 after adjustme nts Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. LNX 0.980275 0.034296 28.58268 0.0000 C -1.918289 0.268213 -7.152121 0.0000 R
17、-squared 0.963442 Mean depe ndent var 5.573120 Adjusted R-squared 0.962263 S.D.dependent var 1.684189 S.E. of regressi on 0.327172 Akaike info criterion 0.662028 Sum squared resid 3.318281 Schwarz criteri on 0.752726 Log likelihood -8.923468 Hannan-Quinn criter. 0.692545 F-statis
18、tic 816.9699 Durbin-Wats on stat 0.096208 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 ①模型方程為:In Y=0.980275l nX-1.918289 ② 由上可知,模型的參數(shù):斜率系數(shù)為 0.980275,截距為-1.918289 ③ 關(guān)于浙江省財(cái)政預(yù)算收入與全省生產(chǎn)總值的模型,檢驗(yàn)其顯著性: 1) 可決系數(shù)為 0.963442 ,說(shuō)明所建模型整體上對(duì)樣本數(shù)據(jù)擬合較好。 2) 對(duì)于回歸系數(shù)的t檢驗(yàn):t (3 2) =28.58268>t 0.025(31)=2.0395,對(duì)斜率系數(shù)的顯著性檢 驗(yàn)表明,全省生產(chǎn)總
19、值對(duì)財(cái)政預(yù)算總收入有顯著影響。 經(jīng)濟(jì)意義:全省生產(chǎn)總值每增長(zhǎng) 1%,財(cái)政預(yù)算總收入增長(zhǎng) 0.980275% 2.4 (1)對(duì)建筑面積與建造單位成本模型,用 Eviews分析結(jié)果如下: Depe ndent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/01/14 Time: 12:40 Sample: 1 12 In cluded observatio ns: 12 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. X -64.18400 4.809828 -13.34
20、434 0.0000 C 1845.475 19.26446 95.79688 0.0000 R-squared 0.946829 Mean depe ndent var 1619.333 Adjusted R-squared 0.941512 S.D.dependent var 131.2252 S.E. of regressi on 31.73600 Akaike info criterion 9.903792 Sum squared resid 10071.74 Schwarz criteri on 9.984610 Log likelihoo
21、d -57.42275 Hannan-Quinn criter. 9.873871 F-statistic 178.0715 Durbin-Wats on stat 1.172407 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 由上可得:建筑面積與建造成本的回歸方程為: Y=1845.475--64.18400X (2) 經(jīng)濟(jì)意義:建筑面積每增加 1萬(wàn)平方米,建筑單位成本每平方米減少 64.18400元。 (3) ① 首先進(jìn)行點(diǎn)預(yù)測(cè),由 Y=1845.475--64.18400X 得,當(dāng) x=4.5,y=1556.647 ②再進(jìn)行區(qū)間估計(jì):
22、 用 Eviews 分析: Y X Mea n 1619.333 3.523333 Media n 1630.000 3.715000 Maximum 1860.000 6.230000 Minimum 1419.000 0.600000 Std. Dev. 131.2252 1.989419 Skew ness 0.003403 -0.060130 Kurtosis 2.346511 1.664917 Jarque-Bera 0.213547 0.898454 Probability 0.898729 0.638121
23、 Sum 19432.00 42.28000 Sum Sq. Dev. 189420.7 43.53567 Observati ons 12 12 由上表可知, E2=E(Xi—X) 2= ^x(n —1)= 1.989419 2 x (12—1)=43.5357 (Xf—X『=(4.5— 3.523333 )2=0.95387843 當(dāng)Xf=4.5時(shí),將相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)代入計(jì)算得到: 1556.647 —2.228x31.73600 xV 1/12+43.5357/0.95387843 < Yf <556.647 +2.228x31.7360
24、0 x V 1/12+43.5357/0.95387843 即 Yf 的置信區(qū)間為(1556.647 —478.1231, 1556.647 +478.1231) 3.1 (1) ①對(duì)百戶擁有家用汽車量計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)模型,用 Eviews分析結(jié)果如下: Depe ndent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 11/25/14 Time: 12:38 Sample: 1 31 In cluded observatio ns: 31 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t
25、-Statistic Prob. X2 5.996865 1.406058 4.265020 0.0002 X3 -0.524027 0.179280 -2.922950 0.0069 X4 -2.265680 0.518837 -4.366842 0.0002 C 246.8540 51.97500 4.749476 0.0001 R-squared 0.666062 Mean depe ndent var 16.77355 Adjusted R-squared 0.628957 S.D.dependent var 8.252535 S.E
26、. of regressi on 5.026889 Akaike info criterion 6.187394 Sum squared resid 682.2795 Schwarz criterio n 6.372424 Log likelihood -91.90460 Hannan-Quinn criter. 6.247709 F-statistic 17.95108 Durbin-Wats on stat 1.147253 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000001 ② 得到模型得: Y=246.8540+5.996865X 2
27、- 0.524027 X 3-2.265680 X 4 ③ 對(duì)模型進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn): 1) 可決系數(shù)是0.666062,修正的可決系數(shù)為 0.628957,說(shuō)明模型對(duì)樣本擬合較好 2) F檢驗(yàn),F(xiàn)=17.95108>F (3,27)=3.65,回歸方程顯著。 3) t 檢驗(yàn),t 統(tǒng)計(jì)量分別為 4.749476,4.265020,-2.922950,-4.366842,均大于 t( 27)=2.0518,所以這些系數(shù)都是顯著的。 ④ 依據(jù): 1) 可決系數(shù)越大,說(shuō)明擬合程度越好 2) F的值與臨界值比較,若大于臨界值,則否定原假設(shè),回歸方程是顯著的;若小于臨界 值,則接受原假設(shè),回歸
28、方程不顯著。 3) t的值與臨界值比較,若大于臨界值,則否定原假設(shè),系數(shù)都是顯著的;若小于臨界值, 則接受原假設(shè),系數(shù)不顯著。 (2 )經(jīng)濟(jì)意義:人均GDP增加1萬(wàn)元,百戶擁有家用汽車增加 5.996865輛,城鎮(zhèn)人口 比重增加1個(gè)百分點(diǎn),百戶擁有家用汽車減少 0.524027輛,交通工具消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)每上升 1,百戶擁有家用汽車減少 2.265680輛。 (3 )用EViews分析得: Depe ndent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/08/14 Time: 17:28 Sample: 1 31
29、 In cluded observatio ns: 31 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. X2 5.135670 1.010270 5.083465 0.0000 LNX3 -22.81005 6.771820 -3.368378 0.0023 LNX4 -230.8481 49.46791 -4.666624 0.0001 C 1148.758 228.2917 5.031974 0.0000 R-squared 0.691952 Mean depe ndent v
30、ar 16.77355 Adjusted R-squared 0.657725 S.D.dependent var 8.252535 S.E. of regressi on 4.828088 Akaike info criterion 6.106692 Sum squared resid 629.3818 Schwarz criteri on 6.291723 Log likelihood -90.65373 Hannan-Quinn criter. 6.167008 F-statistic 20.21624 Durbin-Wats on stat 1
31、.150090 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 模型方程為: Y=5.135670 X 2-22.81005 LNX 3-230.8481 LNX 4+1148.758 此分析得出的可決系數(shù)為 0.691952>0.666062 ,擬合程度得到了提高,可這樣改進(jìn)。 3.2 (1)對(duì)出口貨物總額計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)模型,用 Eviews分析結(jié)果如下: Depe ndent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/01/14 Time: 20:25 Sample: 1994 2011 In cluded
32、observatio ns: 18 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. X2 0.135474 0.012799 10.58454 0.0000 X3 18.85348 9.776181 1.928512 0.0729 C -18231.58 8638.216 -2.110573 0.0520 R-squared 0.985838 Mean depe ndent var 6619.191 Adjusted R-squared 0.983950 S.D.dependent var 5
33、767.152 S.E. of regressi on 730.6306 Akaike info criterion 16.17670 Sum squared resid 8007316. Schwarz criteri on 16.32510 Log likelihood -142.5903 Hannan-Quinn criter. 16.19717 F-statistic 522.0976 Durbin-Wats on stat 1.173432 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 ①由上可知,模型為: Y = 0.13
34、5474X 2 + 18.85348X 3 - 18231.58 ②對(duì)模型進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn): 1) 可決系數(shù)是0.985838,修正的可決系數(shù)為 0.983950,說(shuō)明模型對(duì)樣本擬合較好 2) F 檢驗(yàn),F(xiàn)=522.0976>F ( 2,15)=4.77,回歸方程顯著 3) t檢驗(yàn),t統(tǒng)計(jì)量分別為X2的系數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)t值為10.58454,大于t( 15)=2.131,系數(shù)是顯 著的,X3的系數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)t值為1.928512,小于t( 15)=2.131,說(shuō)明此系數(shù)是不顯著的。 (2) 對(duì)于對(duì)數(shù)模型,用 Eviews分析結(jié)果如下: Depe ndent Variable: LNY Method:
35、Least Squares Date: 12/01/14 Time: 20:25 Sample: 1994 2011 In cluded observatio ns: 18 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. LNX2 1.564221 0.088988 17.57789 0.0000 LNX3 1.760695 0.682115 2.581229 0.0209 C -20.52048 5.432487 -3.777363 0.0018 R-squared 0.986295 Me
36、an depe nde nt var 8.400112 Adjusted R-squared 0.984467 S.D.dependent var 0.941530 S.E. of regressi on 0.117343 Akaike info criterion -1.296424 Sum squared resid 0.206540 Schwarz criteri on -1.148029 Log likelihood 14.66782 Hannan-Quinn criter. -1.275962 F-statistic 539.7364 Du
37、rbin-Wats on stat 0.686656 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 ① 由上可知,模型為: LNY=-20.52048+1.564221 LNX 2 + 1.760695 LNX 3 ② 對(duì)模型進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn): 1) 可決系數(shù)是0.986295,修正的可決系數(shù)為 0.984467,說(shuō)明模型對(duì)樣本擬合較好。 2) F 檢驗(yàn),F(xiàn)=539.7364> F ( 2,15)=4.77,回歸方程顯著。 3) t 檢驗(yàn),t 統(tǒng)計(jì)量分別為-3.777363,17.57789,2.581229,均大于 t( 15)=2.131,所以 這些系數(shù)都是
38、顯著的。 (3) ◎ ( 1)式中的經(jīng)濟(jì)意義:工業(yè)增加 1億元,出口貨物總額增加 0.135474億元,人民幣匯 率增加1,出口貨物總額增加 18.85348億元。 笑(2 )式中的經(jīng)濟(jì)意義:工業(yè)增加額每增加 1%,出口貨物總額增加1.564221%,人民幣 匯率每增加1%,出口貨物總額增加1.760695% 3.3 (1)對(duì)家庭書刊消費(fèi)對(duì)家庭月平均收入和戶主受教育年數(shù)計(jì)量模型,由 Eviews分析結(jié)果如 下: Depe ndent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/01/14 Time: 20:30
39、Sample: 1 18 In eluded observatio ns: 18 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. X 0.086450 0.029363 2.944186 0.0101 T 52.37031 5.202167 10.06702 0.0000 C -50.01638 49.46026 -1.011244 0.3279 R-squared 0.951235 Mean depe ndent var 755.1222 Adjusted R-squared 0.944732
40、 S.D.dependent var 258.7206 S.E. of regressi on 60.82273 Akaike info criterion 11.20482 Sum squared resid 55491.07 Schwarz criteri on 11.35321 Log likelihood -97.84334 Hannan-Quinn criter. 11.22528 F-statistic 146.2974 Durbin-Wats on stat 2.605783 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000
41、①模型為:Y = 0.086450X + 52.37031T-50.01638 ②對(duì)模型進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn): 1) 可決系數(shù)是0.951235,修正的可決系數(shù)為 0.944732,說(shuō)明模型對(duì)樣本擬合較好。 2) F 檢驗(yàn),F(xiàn)=539.7364> F ( 2,15)=4.77,回歸方程顯著。 3) t檢驗(yàn),t統(tǒng)計(jì)量分別為2.944186 ,10.06702,均大于t( 15)=2.131,所以這些系數(shù)都 是顯著的。 0.086450元,戶主受教 ③ 經(jīng)濟(jì)意義:家庭月平均收入增加 1元,家庭書刊年消費(fèi)支出增加 育年數(shù)增加1年,家庭書刊年消費(fèi)支出增加 52.37031元。 (2 )用 Ev
42、iews 分析: ① Depe ndent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/01/14 Time: 22:30 Sample: 1 18 In eluded observatio ns: 18 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. 63.01676 4.548581 13.85416 0.0000 C -11.58171 58.02290 -0.199606 0.8443 R-squared 0.923054 Mean depe nde
43、nt var 755.1222 Adjusted R-squared 0.918245 S.D.dependent var 258.7206 S.E. of regressi on 73.97565 Akaike info criterion 11.54979 Sum squared resid 87558.36 Schwarz criteri on 11.64872 Log likelihood -101.9481 Hannan-Quinn criter. 11.56343 F-statistic 191.9377 Durb in-Wats on st
44、at 2.134043 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 ② Depe ndent Variable: X Method: Least Squares Date: 12/01/14 Time: 22:34 Sample: 1 18 In cluded observatio ns: 18 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. T 123.1516 31.84150 3.867644 0.0014 C 444.5888 406.1786 1.094565 0.2899
45、R-squared 0.483182 Mean depe ndent var 1942.933 Adjusted R-squared 0.450881 S.D.dependent var 698.8325 S.E. of regressi on 517.8529 Akaike info criterion 15.44170 Sum squared resid 4290746. Schwarz criteri on 15.54063 Log likelihood -136.9753 Hannan-Quinn criter. 15.45534 F-stati
46、stic 14.95867 Durbin-Wats on stat 1.052251 Prob(F-statistic) 0.001364 以上分別是y與T, X與T的一元回歸 模型分別是: Y = 63.01676T -11.58171 X = 123.1516T + 444.5888 (3) 對(duì)殘差進(jìn)行模型分析,用 Eviews分析結(jié)果如下: Depe ndent Variable: E1 Method: Least Squares Date: 12/03/14 Time: 20:39 Sample: 1 18 In cluded obs
47、ervatio ns: 18 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. E2 0.086450 0.028431 3.040742 0.0078 C 3.96E-14 13.88083 2.85E-15 1.0000 R-squared 0.366239 Mean depe ndent var 2.30E-14 Adjusted R-squared 0.326629 S.D.dependent var 71.76693 S.E. of regressi on 58.89136
48、Akaike info criterion 11.09370 Sum squared resid 55491.07 Schwarz criteri on 11.19264 Log likelihood -97.84334 Hannan-Quinn criter. 11.10735 F-statistic 9.246111 Durbin-Wats on stat 2.605783 Prob(F-statistic) 0.007788 模型為: Ei = 0.086450E 2 + 3.96e-14 參數(shù):斜率系數(shù)a為 0.086450,截距為3.9
49、6e-14 (3)由上可知,B 2與a 2的系數(shù)是一樣的。回歸系數(shù)與被解釋變量的殘差系數(shù)是一樣的, 它們的變化規(guī)律是一致的。 3.6 (1) 預(yù)期的符- 號(hào)是 Xi , X2,X3,X4,X5的符號(hào)為正,X6的符號(hào)為負(fù) (2) 根據(jù)Eviews分析得到數(shù)據(jù)如下: Depe ndent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/04/14 Time: 13:24 Sample: 1994 2011 In cluded observatio ns: 18 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t
50、-Statistic Prob. X2 0.001382 0.001102 1.254330 0.2336 X3 0.001942 0.003960 0.490501 0.6326 X4 -3.579090 3.559949 -1.005377 0.3346 X5 0.004791 0.005034 0.951671 0.3600 X6 0.045542 0.095552 0.476621 0.6422 C -13.77732 15.73366 -0.875659 0.3984 R-squared 0.994869 Mean
51、depe ndent var 12.76667 Adjusted R-squared 0.992731 S.D.dependent var 9.746631 S.E. of regressi on 0.830963 Akaike info criterion 2.728738 Sum squared resid 8.285993 Schwarz criteri on 3.025529 Log likelihood -18.55865 Hannan-Quinn criter. 2.769662 F-statistic 465.3617 Durbin-Wat
52、s on stat 1.553294 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 ①與預(yù)期不相符。 ②評(píng)價(jià): 1) 可決系數(shù)為0.994869,數(shù)據(jù)相當(dāng)大,可以認(rèn)為擬合程度很好。 2) F 檢驗(yàn),F(xiàn)=465.3617>F ( 5.12)=3,89,回歸方程顯著 -1.005377, 3) T檢驗(yàn),X1,X2,X3,X4,X5,X6 系數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)的 t 值分別為:1.254330,0.490501 , 0.951671,0.476621,均小于t( 12)=2.179,所以所得系數(shù)都是不顯著的。 (3) 根據(jù)Eviews分析得到數(shù)據(jù)如下: Depe n
53、dent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 12/03/14 Time: 11:12 Sample: 1994 2011 In cluded observatio ns: 18 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. X5 0.001032 2.20E-05 46.79946 0.0000 X6 -0.054965 0.031184 -1.762581 0.0983 C 4.205481 3.335602 1.260786 0.2266
54、 R-squared 0.993601 Mean depe ndent var 12.76667 Adjusted R-squared 0.992748 S.D.dependent var 9.746631 S.E. of regressi on 0.830018 Akaike info criterion 2.616274 Sum squared resid 10.33396 Schwarz criteri on 2.764669 Log likelihood -20.54646 Hannan-Quinn criter. 2.636736 F-sta
55、tistic 1164.567 Durbin-Wats on stat 1.341880 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 ①得到模型的方程為: Y=0.001032 X 5-0.054965 X 6+4.205481 ②評(píng)價(jià): 1) 可決系數(shù)為0.993601 ,數(shù)據(jù)相當(dāng)大,可以認(rèn)為擬合程度很好。 2) F檢驗(yàn),F(xiàn)=1164.567>F (5.12)=3,89,回歸方程顯著 3) T檢驗(yàn),X5系數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)的t值為46.79946,大于t( 12)=2.179,所以系數(shù)是顯著的, 即人均GDP對(duì)年底存款余額有顯著影響。 X6系數(shù)對(duì)應(yīng)的t值為-1
56、.762581,小于t (12)=2.179,所以系數(shù)是不顯著的。 4.3 (1)根據(jù)Eviews分析得到數(shù)據(jù)如下: Depe ndent Variable: LNY Method: Least Squares Date: 12/05/14 Time: 11:39 Sample: 1985 2011 In cluded observatio ns: 27 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. LNGDP 1.338533 0.088610 15.10582 0.0000 LNCPI -0
57、.421791 0.233295 -1.807975 0.0832 C -3.111486 0.463010 -6.720126 0.0000 R-squared 0.988051 Mean depe ndent var 9.484710 Adjusted R-squared 0.987055 S.D.dependent var 1.425517 S.E. of regressi on 0.162189 Akaike info criterion -0.695670 Sum squared resid 0.631326 Schwarz crit
58、eri on -0.551689 Log likelihood 12.39155 Hannan-Quinn criter. -0.652857 F-statistic 992.2582 Durbin-Wats on stat 0.522613 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 得到的模型方程為: LNY=1.338533 LNGDP t-0.421791 LNCPI t-3.111486 (2) ① 該模型的可決系數(shù)為 0.988051,可決系數(shù)很高,F(xiàn)檢驗(yàn)值為992.2582 , 明顯顯著。但當(dāng)a =0.05時(shí),t
59、( 24)=2.064,LNCPI的系數(shù)不顯著,可能存在多重共線性。 ② 得到相關(guān)系數(shù)矩陣如下: LNY LNGDP LNCPI LNY 1.000000 0.993189 0.935116 LNGDP 0.993189 1.000000 0.953740 LNCPI 0.935116 0.953740 1.000000 LNGDP, LNCPI之間的相關(guān)系數(shù)很高,證實(shí)確實(shí)存在多重共線性。 (3 )由 Eviews 得: a) Depe ndent Variable: LNY Method: Least Squares Date: 12/
60、03/14 Time: 14:41 Sample: 1985 2011 In cluded observatio ns: 27 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. LNGDP 1.185739 0.027822 42.61933 0.0000 C -3.750670 0.312255 -12.01156 0.0000 R-squared 0.986423 Mean depe ndent var 9.484710 Adjusted R-squared 0.985880 S.D.de
61、pendent var 1.425517 S.E. of regressi on 0.169389 Akaike info criterion -0.642056 Sum squared resid 0.717312 Schwarz criteri on -0.546068 Log likelihood 10.66776 Hannan-Quinn criter. -0.613514 F-statistic 1816.407 Durb in-Wats on stat 0.471111 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 b) Depe
62、 ndent Variable: LNY Method: Least Squares Date: 12/03/14 Time: 14:41 Sample: 1985 2011 In cluded observatio ns: 27 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. LNCPI 2.939295 0.222756 13.19511 0.0000 C -6.854535 1.242243 -5.517871 0.0000 R-squared 0.874442 Mean depe ndent va
63、r 9.484710 Adjusted R-squared 0.869419 S.D.dependent var 1.425517 S.E. of regressi on 0.515124 Akaike info criterion 1.582368 Sum squared resid 6.633810 Schwarz criteri on 1.678356 Log likelihood -19.36196 Hannan-Quinn criter. 1.610910 F-statistic 174.1108 Durb in-Wats on stat 0
64、.137042 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 c) Depe ndent Variable: LNGDP Method: Least Squares Date: 12/05/14 Time: 11:11 Sample: 1985 2011 In cluded observatio ns: 27 Variable Coefficie nt Std. Error t-Statistic Prob. LNCPI 2.511022 0.158302 15.86227 0.0000 C -2.796381
65、0.882798 -3.167634 0.0040 R-squared 0.909621 Mean depe ndent var 11.16214 S.E. of regressi on 0.366072 Akaike info criterion 0.899213 Sum squared resid 3.350216 Schwarz criteri on 0.995201 Log likelihood -10.13938 Hannan-Quinn criter. 0.927755 F-statistic 251.6117 Durbin-Wats on
66、 stat 0.099623 Prob(F-statistic) 0.000000 ① 得到的回歸方程分別為 1) LNY=1.185739 LNGDP t-3.750670 2) LNY=2.939295 LNCPI t-6.854535 3) LNGDP t=2.511022 LNCPI t-2.796381 ② 對(duì)多重共線性的認(rèn)識(shí): 單方程擬合效果都很好,回歸系數(shù)顯著,判定系數(shù)較高, GDP和CPI對(duì)進(jìn)口的顯著的單一影 響,在這兩個(gè)變量同時(shí)引入模型時(shí)影響方向發(fā)生了改變, 這只有通過(guò)相關(guān)系數(shù)的分析才能發(fā) 現(xiàn)。 建議:如果僅僅是作預(yù)測(cè),可以不在意這種多重共線性,但如果是進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)分析,還 是應(yīng)該引起注意的。 4.4 (1) 按照設(shè)計(jì)的理論模型,由 Eviews分析得: Depe nde nt Variable: CZSR Method: Least Squares Date: 12/03/14 Time: 11:40 Sample: 1985 2011 In cluded observatio ns: 27 Variable
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