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1、人教版精品英語資料（精校版） Section_ⅡWarming Up & Reading — Language Points 1．a(chǎn)ssociate (1)vt.使發(fā)生聯(lián)系；使聯(lián)合；結交 associate sb./sth.with ...　 把某人/某物與 ……聯(lián)系起來 be associated with ... 與……有關 I have never associated you with this place. 我從來沒有把你和這個地方聯(lián)系在一起。 (2)n.同事；伙伴 Bob is said to be one of his business a

2、ssociates. 據(jù)說Bob是他生意上的一個伙伴。 association n．　　　　 協(xié)會，社團；聯(lián)系，關系；聯(lián)想 in association with ... 與……合伙/合作 The research was conducted in association with the World Health Organization. 這項研究與世界衛(wèi)生組織聯(lián)合進行。 　　 (1)Write down all the words in_association_with_candles (與蠟燭有關). (2)There are many serious healt

3、h problems (which_are)_associated_with_smoking (與吸煙有關)． 2．a(chǎn)dequate adj.足夠的；適當?shù)?；合乎需要的，恰當?shù)?；勝任的；令人滿意的 He didn't give an adequate answer to the question. 對這個問題他沒有作出滿意的答復。 be adequate 　The space available is not adequate for our needs. 可用空間不能滿足我們的需要。 　　 (1)Are the parking facilities adequate for

4、50 cars? (2)I think she is not adequate to this kind of job. 3．defense/defence n．[U，C]防衛(wèi)；(pl.)防衛(wèi)設備，防御物；[律](被告的)答辯，辯護 A thick overcoat is a good defence against the cold. 一件厚大衣足以御寒。 The accused man made no defence. 被告人未做辯護。 (1)in defence of ...　　　 為了捍衛(wèi)…… (2)defend v. 保護，保衛(wèi) defend sth.again

5、st/from 保護某物免受…… defend oneself 自衛(wèi)，為自己辯解 Many soldiers died in defence of our motherland. 許多戰(zhàn)士為了保衛(wèi)祖國而獻出了生命。 　　 　有些人認為應該訓練學生保護自己免遭某些攻擊。 ①Some think that students should be trained to_defend_themselves_against_some_attacks. ②Some think that students should be trained in_defence_of_some_

6、attacks. 4．celebration n．[U，C]慶祝；慶祝典禮，慶祝儀式 hold a celebration　　　　　　 舉行慶祝會 in celebration of 為慶祝…… celebrate vt. 慶祝 I don't feel like getting involved in any New Year's celebration. 我不想?yún)⒓尤魏涡履陸c典。 There'll be a reception in celebration of the Fund's 70th Anniversary. 為慶祝基金會成立70周年，將舉行一個招待會。

7、 celebrate, congratulate, observe (1)celebrate“慶?！?，其賓語一般是節(jié)日、勝利、結婚紀念、生日等的慶祝儀式、典禮等令人歡樂的事情或日子。 (2)congratulate“祝賀”，其賓語為人，常用搭配是：congratulate sb. on sth.。 (3)observe“慶?！?，其賓語可以是節(jié)日、生日、周年等，也可以是表示按照傳統(tǒng)規(guī)定以適當?shù)姆绞綉c祝一個日子或節(jié)日。 　　 用celebrate, congratulate, observe填空 (1)She congratulated me warmly on my exam re

8、sult. (2)Halloween is now celebrated largely as a children's day，and many American children look forward to it for days and weeks beforehand. (3)Chinese people observe the Spring Festival in the same way that western people observe Christmas Day. 5．tolerate vt.忍受；容忍 tolerate (sb.) doing sth.　　　

9、　　 容忍/忍受(某人)做某事 stand (sb.) doing sth. 忍受/容忍(某人)做某事 bear sb. doing/to do sth. 忍受/容忍某人做某事 put up with　　　　　　 忍受；容忍 Those who know how to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life. 那些懂得怎樣容忍他人的人自然可以生活得幸福。 I can't tolerate speaking to your mother in such a rude manner. 我不容忍用這種無禮的方式給你母親

10、說話。 I can't stand people interrupting me all the time. 我不能容忍老有人打岔。 　　(1)The school can't tolerate cheating_in_exams (考試作弊)． (2)He couldn't tolerate being_treated_like_a_child (像一個孩子一樣被對待) any more. 6．reservation n．[U，C]保留；(旅館房間等)預定，預約I accept his invitation without reservations. 我毫無保留地接受他的邀請。

11、 reserve vt.　　　　 保留，儲備；預定，預約 　n. 儲備(物)，儲藏量，儲備金 nature reserve 自然保護區(qū) These seats are reserved for the elderly and disabled. 這些座位是留給老人和殘疾人坐的。 　　 (1)These books are reserved for the new comers. (2)Customers are advised to make seat reservations well in advance. 1．part of ...……的(一)部分 Ta

12、iwan is part of China.No one can separate it from the mainland. 臺灣是中國的一部分。誰也不能把它和大陸分開。 [注意]　a part of ... 暗含“……的一小部分”。 He has rewritten a part of the book. 他只改寫這書的一(小)部分。 play a part (in ...)　 (在……中)起作用； 扮演角色 take part (in) 參加；參與 on sb.'s part＝on the part of sb. 就某人而言 form (a) part of

13、 ... 組成……的一部分 in part 在某種程度上，部分地 Her success was due in part to luck. 她的成功在某種程度上是由于運氣好。 　　 (1)Women are playing_an_important_part_in (在……中起重要作用) socialist construction. (2)It was just a mistake on_her_part (就她而言)． (3)If you decide to work for our club, you'll be_part_of_a_great_team (偉大

14、團隊的一份子)． 2．out of respect出于尊敬 I did it for her out of respect. 我出于尊敬對她做那事。 The students all went back to the classroom out of respect for their history teacher. 學生們出于對歷史老師的尊敬都回到了教室。 show/have respect for sb. 尊敬某人 in respect of sth. 關于，就……而言 with respect to sth. 至于，關于，就……而言 in all/some/m

15、any respects 在各個/某些/許多方面 He shows no respect for others' feeling. 他不尊重別人的感情。 With respect to your other suggestions, I am not yet able to tell you our decision. 關于你的其他建議，我現(xiàn)在還無法把我們的決定告訴你。 [注意]　out of sth.(表示原因)因為，出于；(從……里)出來；沒有，缺少；(表示不在原狀態(tài))脫離，離開；用完，賣完。 　　 (1)I have the greatest respect for h

16、is work. (2)With respect to your request, I'm not able to agree. (3)I stood up when he came in out of respect. (4)Mum is very stubborn, and Kim is like her in that respect. 1．It_is_also_possible_to_climb_the_rock,_but most people don't do this out of respect for the aboriginal people who consi

17、der the rock to be sacred. 要爬上這個巨石也是可能的，但大多數(shù)人們出于對土著人的尊敬而不這么做，因為他們認為這塊巖石是神圣的。 (1)在第一個分句中，it作形式主語，to climb the rock作真正主語。 it在句中作形式主語或賓語，代替后面的不定式短語、動名詞短語或從句的句型： (1)It is/was＋n./adj.＋ (2)主語＋find/think/feel/make＋it＋n./adj.＋ It is very important to learn English well. 學好英語很重要。 I find it difficult

18、to explain the differences between the three words. 我覺得難以解釋清楚這三個詞間的區(qū)別。 (2)表示“可能”的三個常用形容詞likely，possible和probable分別用于下列幾種不同的句型： ①It is likely/possible/probable＋that ... It is likely/possible/probable that he will fail in the exam. 很可能/可能/極有可能，他考試不及格。 ②It's likely/possible/probable＋(for sb.) to

19、do/be ... It is likely/possible/probable for the chairman to come and inspect the company. 很可能/可能/極有可能，董事長要來視察公司。 ③Sb./Sth.is likely＋to do/be ... Tom is likely to be an American. 湯姆很可能是個美國人。 　　 (1)Is_it_necessary (有必要) to complete the design before National Day? (2)Susan made_it_clear (使……清楚

20、) to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. (3)I think Tom is_likely_to_come (可能來) to my party this evening. 2．Drive 250 km northwestwards from Hobart along the A10 highway and_you'll_arrive at the southern end of the magnificent Cradle Mountain National Park and World Heritage area.

21、從霍巴特沿A10公路朝西北方向行駛250公里，你就來到景色壯觀的搖籃山國家公園暨世界遺產(chǎn)保護區(qū)的南端。 本句使用的是“祈使句＋并列連詞＋簡單句”句型。在該句型中，祈使句陳述的某種條件，簡單句表示的是某種結果。 (1)祈使句＋and＋陳述句＝If ...，＋主句 Listen carefully, and you'll understand it. ＝ If you listen carefully, you'll understand it. 仔細聽，你就會明白。 (2)祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陳述句＝If ... not ...，＋主句 Give u

22、p smoking, or/or else/otherwise you may die of lung cancer. ＝ If you don't give up smoking, you may die of lung cancer. 戒掉煙，否則你可能死于肺癌。 (3)名詞詞組＋and＋陳述句 It is really very dangerous. One more step, and the baby will fall into the well. 真危險。再多邁一步，這個小孩兒就掉進井里了。 　　 (1)Follow your doctor's advice, or

23、/or_else/otherwise_your_cough_will_get_worse (否則你的咳嗽會變重的)． (2)Call me tomorrow and_I'll_let_you_know_the_lab_result (讓你知道實驗結果)． 3．Why do you think the population of Australia is so small when it is such a large country? 既然澳大利亞是如此大的一個國家，那么你認為它的人口為什么那么少呢？ when用作連詞，表示“考慮到，既然”。 I can't tell you an

24、ything when you won't listen. 既然你不想聽，我就什么也不跟你說了。 (1)when用作連詞引導時間狀語從句，意為“當……時”，后可跟句子、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、形容詞、名詞及介詞短語等。 In addition, what may interest you most is that I am really nervous and upset when taking the exam. 另外，最使你感興趣的是，考試時我真的緊張煩躁。 (2)表示對比，可譯為“本該……而(卻)”。 Why are you here when you should be in

25、school? 你本該去上學的可你為什么在這兒？ (3)表示條件，意思接近“在……的情況下，既然”。 Why do you ask me when you have known the answer? 既然你已經(jīng)知道答案了，為什么你還問我呢？ (4)表示突然發(fā)生某事，可譯為“突然這時……”。 be doing ... when ...　　　　　　　　 正在做……這時/突然…… be about to do ...when ... 正要做……這時…… be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……這時…… had just/har

26、dly done ...when ... 剛做完……這時…… I was about to swim in the river when the guide stopped me. 我正想到河中游泳這時向導攔住了我。 Hardly had I opened the door when he hit me. 我剛把門打開，他就撞上了我。 　　 (1)Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true when it comes to classroom

27、 test.(當……時候) (2)Why do you walk when you have a car？(既然) (3)I was about to start work when she called me up.(這時) Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．They associate turkey with Thanksgiving. 2．They soon overcame the language barrier. 3．He sought for an adequate solution to the problem. 4．The United States has a feder

28、al government. 5．When the war ended all defences stopped, too. 6．One of the new government’s policies (政策) is to cut taxes. 7．We have established diplomatic relations with the newly independent nations (國家)． 8．China gives its citizens (公民) certain rights. 9．I flew to New York via (取道) Hong Kong

29、. 10．It was announced that there would be a celebration (慶典) on Sunday. Ⅱ.選詞填空 1．She is very weak, so I can't associate her with energetic sports. 2．The two brothers have nothing in_common.They look quite different. 3．The team is_made_up_of seven persons. 4．The beauty is more_than words can

30、describe. 5．The crowd stood in silence out_of_respect for the dead. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．The room is small_but_adequate (雖小但夠用)． 2．A lot of money is spent on_defence (在國防方面)． 3．There is a limit to what one person can_tolerate (可以容忍)． 4．In_this_respect (在這方面), we are very fortunate. 5．I'll call the restau

31、rant and make_a_reservation (預訂餐桌)． Ⅳ.句型轉換 1．She has something to do with the case. She is_associated_with the case. 2．They are similar and become good friends. They have a lot in_common and become good friends. 3．As winter comes near, it's colder and colder. With winter coming near, it's col

32、der and colder. 4．We would have much difficulty in working out such a scientific problem without the help of a computer. It would be much difficult to work out such a scientific problem without the help of a computer. 5．If you don’t respect others; you won’t command the respect of others. Respec

33、t others, and you will command the respect of others. Ⅴ.閱讀理解 A Australia, the last continent, was discovered by ships belonging to some European nations in the seventeenth century.These nations were less interested in changing it into a colony than in exploring it.As in the early history of the U

34、nited States, it was the English who set up the settlements in Australia.This history and geography of these two British colonies have some other things in common as well. Australia and the United States are about the same in size, and their western lands are both not rich in soil.It was the easter

35、n coast of Australia and America that the English first settled, and both colonies soon began to develop towards the west.However, this westward movement took place more because the English were searching for better land than because the population was increasing.Settlements of the western part of b

36、oth countries developed quickly after gold was discovered in America in 1849 and in Australia two years later. Although the development of these two countries has a lot in common, there are some unusual differences as well.The United States got its freedom from England by revolution while Australia

37、 won its independence without having to go to war.Australia, unlike the United States, was firstly turned into a colony by English prisoners and its economic development was in the wheat growing and sheep raising.By 1922, for example, Australia had fifteen times more sheep than it had people or almo

38、st half as many sheep as there are people today in the United States.Yet, in spite of these and other differences, Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world. 1．Who turned Australia into a colony? A．Britain. B．Several

39、 European countries. C．The United States of America. D．None of the above. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句可知答案為A項。 2．In the early history of America and Australia, both colonies developed towards the west firstly for the reason that________. A．the population was increasing rapidly in the east B．the Englis

40、h thought there might be richer land there C．gold was discovered there D．fewer people lived there 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。從第二段最后一句的前面部分可知答案為B項。 3．In the early 1920s, ________. A．Australia had one fifteenth as many people as sheep B．there were more sheep in Australia than in the United States C．the popula

41、tion in Australia was greater than that of the United States D．the United States had twice as many sheep as people 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。從最后一段的倒數(shù)第二句可知答案為A項。 4．The last sentence “Australia and the United States have more in common with each other than either one has with most of the rest of the world” means

42、________. A．the United States and Australia do not have any main differences B．the United States and Australia have much in common with each other, but neither of them has as much as they have with other countries C．the United States and Australia have nothing in common with the rest of the world

43、 D．in common with the rest of the world, the United States and Australia have a lot of differences 解析：選B　句意理解題。作者講述了美國和澳大利亞的異同之后，得出結論：它們兩國之間的共同之處要比它們任何一方與世界其他國家多。故B項意思最相符。 B Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for t

44、heir cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe for success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get

45、 along swimmingly. Two-thirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog. However, it wasn’t all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes.

46、One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals are just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission. In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are le

47、arning how to talk each other’s language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk “Dog”， and dogs can learn how to talk “Cat”． What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each other’s body signals, suggesting that

48、the two may have more in common than was previously suspected. Once familiar with each other’s presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) e

49、ach other. The significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets — to people who don’t get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance. 語篇解讀：人們一般認為在同一家庭中，狗與貓之間因為種種原因難以和諧相處，即使可以

50、的話也只占極少部分。然而最近一項科學研究卻對這種看法提出了挑戰(zhàn)，研究結果發(fā)現(xiàn)貓與狗之間存在著交流與學習。它們彼此互相學習各自的語言、深化認識，有助于促進相互間和平共處。既然動物之間都可以這樣主動改善關系，更何況我們人類呢？ 5．The underlined word “swimmingly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”． A．early　　　　　　 　B．sweetly C．quickly D．smoothly 解析：選D　詞義猜測題。首段第一、二句就暗示人們普遍認為狗和貓是不能和諧相處的，而后面的研究

51、與前面內容形成對比：如果采取適當?shù)拇胧?，貓與狗之間是可以和平相處的，因而“swimmingly”應該是“順利地；輕易地”之意。A、C兩項有悖常識；B項意為“甜蜜地；親切地”，程度過深，不合常理；D項smoothly意為“平穩(wěn)地；順利地”，切合題意。 6．What is found surprising about cats and dogs? A．They eat and sleep together. B．They observe each other’s behaviors. C．They learn to speak each other’s language. D

52、．They know something from each other’s voices. 解析：選C　細節(jié)理解題。從第三段“researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each other’s language”得知這個令人吃驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)便是貓與狗竟然能夠互相學習對方的語言。 7．It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ________. A．have common interests B.are less di

53、fferent than thought C．have a common body language D.are less intelligent than expected 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段可知事實上貓與狗之間存在更多的共同點，它們并沒有我們想象中的那么格格不入。 8．What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs? A．We should learn to live in harmony. B．We should know more about animals. C．We should live in peace with animals. D．We should learn more body languages. 解析：選A　推理判斷題。細讀最后一段內容我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)作者提出了反問：既然動物都可以學著和諧共存，更何況是技高一籌的人類？因而，通過貓與狗的研究可以得出我們人類應該學會和諧相處。