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1、人教版精品英語資料（精校版） Section_ⅢLearning_about_Language Ⅰ.高頻單詞點擊 1．sow vt.& vi.播種；傳播→sown/sowed(過去分詞)→sower n．播種者 2．correspond vi.通信；符合→correspondence n．通信；符合；對應(yīng)→correspondent/corresponding adj.對應(yīng)的；相當(dāng)?shù)?；符合? 3．owe vt.& vi.感激；欠(債等)→owing adj.未付的，欠著的 4．bachelor n．單身漢；(文理)學(xué)士 5．a(chǎn)uthority n．權(quán)力；權(quán)威；當(dāng)局 6．de

2、sperate adj.不顧一切的；絕望的→desperation n．絕望；失望；神經(jīng)過敏 7．shrink vt. & vi.收縮；(使)皺縮；縮短→shrank(過去式)→shrunk/shrunken過去分詞→shrinkage n．收縮，縮小 Ⅱ.重點短語必記 1．succeed in doing sth.　成功地做某事 2．dream of ... 夢想…… 3．correspond with 與……通信 4．owe ...to 把……歸功于；欠 5．relate to 有關(guān)，涉及 6．get out of ... 從……中逃脫/ 擺脫…… Ⅲ.常

3、用句型必備 1．In the early days there were not nearly _as_many women migrants as there were males, so many of the men remained bachelors. 2．Many dreamed of having a wife who would share their life and work alongside them as they built houses and established farms. Ⅳ.單元語法聚焦 The Predicative (表語) 1．co

4、rrespond vi.通信；符合 correspond with/to ...　 與……相符/相一致 correspond with sb. 與某人通信 His actions do not correspond with his words. 他言行不一致。 The arms of a man correspond to the wings of a bird. 人的雙臂如同鳥的雙翼。 He has corresponded with me about the problem. 關(guān)于這個問題，他跟我有過書信往來。 　　 (1)They have been corre

5、sponding_with_each_other (相互通信) for many years. (2)She stopped_corresponding_with_him (不再與他通信) after the death of her mother. (3)The two halves of the document_don't/didn't_correspond_(不相符)． 2．owe v．感激；欠 I owe my teachers and parents a great deal. 我深深感激老師與父母。 How much do I owe you? 我還欠你多少錢？

6、owe sb.a favour　　　 欠某人情 owe sb.an apology 向某人致歉 owe ...to ... 把……歸功于…… owe it to sb.to do sth. 認(rèn)為應(yīng)該為某人做某事 She owes her success to good luck. 她把成功歸功于幸運。 You owe it to your staff to be honest with them. 與下屬坦誠相待，這是你對他們應(yīng)有的態(tài)度。 　　 (1)He asked for help from the colleague who owed_him_a_favou

7、r (欠他的情)． (2)You owe_it_to_your_supporters (認(rèn)為應(yīng)該為你的支持者) not to give up now. (3)His son owed_his_achievements_to (把成就歸功于) his teachers and family. (4)I asked you how_much_you_owed_her (你欠她多少錢)? 3．a(chǎn)uthority n．[U，C]權(quán)威；權(quán)威人士；權(quán)力；職權(quán)；當(dāng)局 He spoke with the voice of authority. 他以權(quán)威的口氣說話。 You don't have

8、 any authority for entering this house.It's private. 你們沒有任何權(quán)力進入這所房子，這是私宅。 authority over　　　　 對……的凌駕 be an authority on 在……方面是權(quán)威 She is an authority on criminal law. 她是刑法專家。 　　 (1)She now has authority over the people who used to be her bosses. (2)He is an authority on international affairs

9、. 4．desperate adj.不顧一切的；絕望的；鋌而走險的；亡命的；極度渴望的 be desperate for　　　　　　 極想得到某物 be desperate to do sth. 極想做某事 The man lost in the desert was desperate for water. 這個在沙漠中迷失方向的人極度渴望得到水。 He is desperate to have a glass of water. 他極想喝一杯水。 　　 他們極度渴望成功。 ①They_are_desperate_for_success. ②They_are_de

10、sperate_to_succeed. 5．shrink v．(shrank；shrunk/shrunken)收縮；(使)皺縮；縮短；變?。粶p少 Will this shirt shrink in the wash? 這件襯衫洗后縮水嗎？ The number of students has shrunk from 120 to 70. 學(xué)生人數(shù)已從120人減至70人。 shrink away/back from sth./sb. 退縮；畏縮 shrink from (doing) sth. 避免/不愿做某事 I will not shrink from doing wh

11、at is right. 只要做得對，我絕不畏懼。 　　 (1)We want to expand the business, not_to_shrink_it (不是縮小)． (2)His anger was enough to make others_shrink_away_from (使別人退縮) him. (3)We will_not_shrink_from (將不回避) making necessary changes in policy. 1．dream of/about夢見，夢想；向往 The soldier dreamed of home. 這個士兵夢見了家

12、。 He dreams about becoming a pilot. 他一心想當(dāng)飛行員。 dream away/out/through　 虛度(時間、光陰) dream up＝think up＝make up 設(shè)想出來；編造 dream a dream 做一個夢 He can dream up new ideas to promote and enlarge the business. 他能想出新的點子來促進和擴大業(yè)務(wù)。 　　 (1)He dreamed_of_becoming_a_movie_star (夢想成為電影明星) when he was young.

13、 (2)She would just sit in her room dreaming_away_the_hours (虛度光陰)． 2．be related to與……有關(guān)的；屬于同一家族或種類等 His fear of people is deeply related to his unhappy childhood. 他對人的畏懼和他不幸的孩提時代有密切的關(guān)系。 Are you related to Margaret? 你與瑪格麗特是一家嗎？ (1)relate v．　　　 把……聯(lián)系起來；講述 relate to 有關(guān)；涉及；與……直接相關(guān)；和……和睦相處 (2)r

14、elated adj. 有關(guān)系的；有親戚關(guān)系的 relation n. 親戚；關(guān)系；聯(lián)系 in relation to ... 關(guān)于；與……相比 (3)relationship n. 關(guān)系 relative n. 家人，親屬，親戚 　 adj. 比較的，相比的 　　 (1)I want to know the_relationship_between_poor_housing_and_health_problems (低房價與健康問題之間的關(guān)系)． (2)He suffers with money related_to_his_disease (與他的病

15、有關(guān)的)． 　In the early days there were not nearly as_many women migrants as there were males, so many of the men remained bachelors. 早期的移民之中女性相對較少，因而很多男性只能獨身。 句中as many women migrants as there were males，第一個as是副詞，修飾many；第二個as是連詞，引導(dǎo)從句there were males。 形容詞、副詞的原級與比較常用句型： (1)雙方在程度、性質(zhì)、特征等方面相等時，用“as＋原

16、級adj./adv.＋as ...”結(jié)構(gòu)；如果涉及數(shù)量，我們可用“as＋many＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋as ...”或“as＋much＋不可數(shù)名詞＋as ...”。 You're as tall as your father. 你和你父親一樣高。 There are as many league members in our class as in their class. 我們班團員和他們班一樣多。 (2)雙方不相等時，用“not＋so/as＋adj./adv.＋as ...”。 Things didn't go so/as smoothly as we had expected.

17、情況不像我們預(yù)料的那樣順利。 (3)如果一方是另一方的若干倍時用“倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.＋as ...”或“倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.比較級＋than”或“倍數(shù)＋the＋size(height, length, weight, width, etc)of ...”。 This room is three times as large as that one. ＝This room is twice larger than that one. ＝This room is three times the size of that one. 這間房子是那間房子的三倍大。 as

18、many as, as much as (1)“as many as＋數(shù)詞＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式”用來表示某人或某處擁有物品的數(shù)量。(2)“as much as＋數(shù)詞＋不可數(shù)名詞”常用來指金錢、距離、時間、重量、水量、雨量、熱量等多方面的程度或數(shù)量。 (3)as much as可用來修飾動詞，而as many as 不能。在不指具體事物時，用as many as和as much as皆可。 　　 The more I think about him, the more reasons I find for loving him as_much_as_I_did (與以前一樣多地)．

19、 表　語 表語與前面的系動詞一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，用來說明主語的特征、屬性、狀態(tài)、身份等。充當(dāng)表語的可以是單詞、短語或從句。 1．名詞 This is a good way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself. 這是一個很好的發(fā)泄憤怒的方式，不會傷害到別人或自己。 2．代詞 —Whose sweater is that? —It’s mine. ——那是誰的毛衣？ ——是我的。 3．?dāng)?shù)詞 She was the first to leave but the last to arriv

20、e. 她是第一個走的，卻是最后一個到的。 I'll be eighteen in May. 到五月份我就十八歲了。 4．形容詞 Last but not least, health is also very significant for us students. 最后但同等重要的是，健康對我們學(xué)生來說也是非常重要的。 5．動詞的-ing形式和-ed形式 I am quite surprised to see you here. 在這里見到你我感到非常驚訝。 It's surprising that you haven't met. 你們兩個人沒有見過面這挺奇怪的。 W

21、asting time is killing yourself. 浪費時間就是浪費生命。 6．動詞不定式或不定式短語 The important thing is to learn and control your temper so that you may not do or say anything you'll regret. 重要的是要學(xué)會控制你的脾氣，這樣你可能就不會做使你后悔的事或說使你后悔的話。 All I could do was wait until help came. 我能做的就是等別人的幫助了。 7．副詞及副詞短語 I'm now downstairs

22、, waiting for you. 我正在樓下等你呢。 Is anybody in? 有人在嗎？ 8．介詞短語 We were at table when you called. 你來訪時我們正在吃飯。 I think you're mistaken. It is not like her to speak ill of others behind them. 我想你弄錯了，她不是那種背后說別人壞話的人。 9．名詞性從句 This is what I want to say. 這就是我想說的話。 What is more serious is that we don'

23、t cherish wildlife. 更嚴(yán)重的是，我們不珍惜野生動物。 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．人們一直對于生命是如何在地球上開始的感到好奇。 People have always been_curious_about_ exactly how life on earth began. 2．我相信平面媒體要比電視有更高的準(zhǔn)確度和可信賴度。 I have been convinced that the print media are usually more__accurate_and_more_reliable than television. 3．——我在星期天喜歡一整天把自己

24、關(guān)在家中聽音樂。 ——這就是我不贊同的地方。你應(yīng)該有更積極的生活。 —I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. —That's where_I_don't_agree. You should have a more active life. 4．我們只有100美元。這筆錢遠遠不夠買一臺新電腦。 We only had $100 and that was nowhere_near_enough to buy a new computer. 5．布萊克先生非常高興，因為他的工廠生產(chǎn)的衣服

25、從未如此受人歡迎。 Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been_more_popular. 6．她偏愛城市生活的原因之一是在城市里很容易找到像商店和餐館一樣的地方。 One reason for her preference for city life is that_she_can_have_easy_access_to_places like shops and restaurants. 7．錯誤不單單發(fā)生，它們的發(fā)生都是有原因的，找出原因，那么犯的錯誤也就值得了。

26、 Mistakes don't just happen; they occur for a reason.Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes_worthwhile. 8．由于學(xué)生數(shù)量的增長太多，學(xué)校搬遷到城外。 The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had_grown_too_large. 9．請一直坐著，直到飛機停穩(wěn)。 Please_remain_seated until the plane has come to a

27、 complete stop. 10．Frank把藥放在頂層抽屜中，以確保孩子們夠不到。 Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be_accessible_to the kids. Ⅱ.完形填空 The position of children in American family and society is no longer what it used to be.The __1__family in colonial(殖民時期的)North America was mainly conce

28、rned with survival and __2__that, its own economic prosperity.Thus, children were__3__in terms of their productivity (生產(chǎn)能力), and they played the role of producer quite early.__4__they fulfilled this role, their position in the family was one of subordination (附屬)． With the __5__of the society, the

29、position of children in the family and in the society became more important.In the complex and technological society __6__the United States has become, each __7__must fulfill a number of personal and occupational __8__and be in contact with many other members.__9__， viewing children as necessary mem

30、bers of society means that they are __10__more as people in their own right than as those of subordination.This acceptance of children as __11__participants in the family is reflected in various laws __12__the rights of children and in the social and public welfare programs. This new __13__of child

31、ren and the frequent contact between the members of society has also __14__an increasing interest in child-raising techniques.People today spend much time __15__the proper way to __16__children. Nowadays, the socialization of the child in the United States is a __17__transaction (事務(wù)) between parent

32、 and child __18__a one-way, parent-to-child training__19__.As a consequence, socializing children and __20__with them over a long period of time is for parents a mixture of pleasure, satisfaction, and problems. 1．A.poor　　　　　　　 　B．ordinary C．happy D．wealthy 解析：選B　根據(jù)常理可知，happy和wealthy families不需要

33、關(guān)注生存問題，而讀上、下文可知文章不只是關(guān)注poor families的兒童。 2．A.except B．for C．beyond D．through 解析：選C　that指代上文的survival，結(jié)合下文可知用beyond“除……之外”。 3．A.supported B．received C．encouraged D．valued 解析：選D　根據(jù)上下文，孩子自身的價值通過其生產(chǎn)能力體現(xiàn)出來。be valued“被……估價，價值體現(xiàn)在……”，符合文意。be supported被支持；be received被接受；be encouraged被鼓勵，均不符合題意。

34、 4．A.Until B．After C．Although D．When 解析：選A　until“直到……；在……之前”，和延續(xù)意義的連系動詞was一起使用，故這里孩子在家庭中所處的附屬地位是指孩子在擔(dān)當(dāng)這一角色之前。 5．A.movement B．a(chǎn)chievement C．development D．requirement 解析：選C　with the development of為固定短語，譯為“隨著……發(fā)展”。 6．A.that B．where C．when D．what 解析：選A　這里是一個定語從句，先行詞是the complex and t

35、echnological society, that在定語從句the United States has become中作become的表語，what不可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，where與when在定語從句中不作表語，一般只作狀語。 7．A.parent B．member C．family D．relative 解析：選B　根據(jù)句意以及第二段第二句話中的many other members，可知選B項。 8．A.purposes B．promises C．roles D．tasks 解析：選C　從句意可知社會成員都必須在個人和工作上擔(dān)當(dāng)屬于自己的角色，而不是task(任務(wù)

36、)，也不是purpose(目的)或promise(許諾)。 9．A.Besides B．However C．Instead D．Therefore 解析：選D　上下文是因果關(guān)系，故選D項。 10．A.admired B．regarded C．made D．respected 解析：選B　be regarded as為固定短語，意為“被看作，被當(dāng)作”。 11．A.willing B．equal C．similar D．common 解析：選B　從句意可知，孩子們現(xiàn)在在家庭中所擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)慕巧珡倪^去的附屬關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)變到現(xiàn)在平等的合作關(guān)系。 12．A.enjoyin

37、g B．preventing C．considering D．protecting 解析：選D　法律是用來保護孩子權(quán)益的。而不是enjoy(享受)，prevent(阻止)或consider(考慮)。 13．A.view B．faith C．world D．study 解析：選A　the new view of children意為“對兒童的新看法”。 14．A.led in B．brought in C．resulted in D．taken in 解析：選C　根據(jù)行文邏輯關(guān)系可知此處選“導(dǎo)致”。故選C項。如果選A應(yīng)改為led to；bring in“引

38、進，掙錢”和take in“吸收，欺騙”均不符合題意。 15．A.seeking B．making C．fighting D．working 解析：選A　由上句可推出，人們花很多時間是去尋求撫養(yǎng)孩子的合適、恰當(dāng)?shù)姆椒āeek尋求。 16．A.nurse B．praise C．understand D．raise 解析：選D　由前一句話child-raising techniques可知答案。 17．A.one-sided B．many-sided C．round-way D．two-way 解析：選D　由下文one-way可知，兒童的社會化已經(jīng)成為

39、父母和兒童雙方的事務(wù)而不是僅由父母單方面對孩子的培養(yǎng)計劃。故選D項。 18．A.more than B．rather than C．better than D．less than 解析：選B　由前后邏輯關(guān)系可知，此空應(yīng)為“而不是”，故選B項。 19．A.manner B．method C．program D．guide 解析：選C　通講全文可知，文章講的是父母對孩子成長所進行的培養(yǎng)或培訓(xùn)計劃。而不是manner(方法，舉止)；method(方法)或guide(指引，指導(dǎo))。 20．A.talking B．living C．playing D．discus

40、sing 解析：選B　“孩子走向社會”應(yīng)與“與他們長時間生活在一起”對父母來說是矛盾著的。 Ⅲ.閱讀理解 Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money.Strange as it may seem, if you're unsatisfied, the issue is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of desires — not that you cannot satisfy your tastes but th

41、at you don't have enough tastes. Real riches consist of well-developed and hearty capacities to enjoy life.Most people are already swamped (淹沒) with things.They eat, wear, go and talk too much.They_live_in_too_big_a_house_with_too_many_rooms,_yet_their_house_of_life_is_a_hut. Your house of life

42、ought to be a mansion (豪宅), a royal palace.Every new taste, every additional interest, every fresh enthusiasm adds a room.Here are several rooms your house of life should have. Art should be a desire for you to develop simply because the world is full of beautiful things.If you only understood how

43、to enjoy them and feed your spirit on them, they would make you as happy as to find plenty of ham and eggs when you're hungry. Literature, classic literature, is a beautiful, richly furnished room where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment.To gain that love would go toward making you

44、 a rich person, for a rich person is not someone who has a library but who likes a library. Music like Mozart's and Bach's shouldn't be absent.Real riches are of the spirit.And when you've brought that spirit up to where classical music feeds it and makes you a little drunk, you have increased your

45、 thrills and bettered them.And life is a matter of thrills. Sports, without which you remain poor, mean a lot in life.No matter who you are, you would be more human, and your house of life would be better supported against the bad days, if you could, and did, play a bit. Whatever rooms you might a

46、dd to your house of life, the secret of enjoying life is to keep adding. 1．The author intends to tell us that________. A．true happiness lies in achieving wealth by fair means B．big houses are people's most valued possessions C．big houses can in a sense bring richness of life D．true happiness

47、comes from spiritual riches 解析：選D　寫作意圖題。本文通過把物質(zhì)上房子的大小和精神上房子的大小進行對比，說明真正的幸福來自精神的富有而不是物質(zhì)的富有，故選D。 2．The underlined sentence in the second paragraph probably implies that________. A．however materially rich, they never seem to be satisfied B．however materially rich, they remain spiritually poor C．th

48、ough their house is big, they prefer a simple life D．though their house is big, it seems to be a cage 解析：選B　句意理解題。畫線處的句子意思是：他們住在擁有太多房間的一所太大的房子里，然而他們精神生活的房子卻是一個小屋。物質(zhì)和精神上的對比說明無論物質(zhì)生活是多么富有，他們的精神生活仍然是貧窮的，故選B。 3．It can be learned from the passage that________. A．more money brings more happiness B．a(chǎn)rt

49、 is needed to make your house beautiful C．literature can enrich your spiritual life D．sports contribute mainly to your physical fitness 解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第五段把文學(xué)、古典文學(xué)比作一個房間，在那里你能得到休息，振奮精神，得到那份對文學(xué)的愛將會使你成為一個精神富有的人，故選C。 4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．House of Life B．Secret of Wealth C．Rest and Refreshment D．Interest and Enthusiasm 解析：選A　標(biāo)題歸納題。本文通過把物質(zhì)生活的房子和精神生活的房子進行比較，得出物質(zhì)生活富有并不代表精神生活富有，我們需要的是精神上的房子，故A項最能概括本文主旨。