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1、高一英語語法填空專題練習(xí) Unit 1 This is a true story. It happened in Amsterdam, Holland 1 the early 1940s after the German Nazis had ___2___(occupy) most of Europe. The Nazi Party ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945. One of their key (policy) was__4__ (kill) all the Jews in Europe. If any persons

2、 5 (know) to be Jews were found, they would be sent to concentration camp farther east, mostly in Poland. Families were separated and transported in trains. For many days, they went food, water, sanitation or fresh air. __7___(avoid) this terrible fate, some Jewish families went into h

3、iding, often with the help of 8 (Jewish) friends. This diary was written during the time 9 Anne and her family moved to escape from (kill) by Nazis. Unit 2 In only fifty years, English (develop) into the language most (2) (wide) spoken and used in the world. English i

4、s the working language of most international organizations, international trade and tourism. Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak (3) . Chinese businessmen, taxi drivers and students talk with them using English. English is also the language of 4 (globe) cultu

5、re, such as popular music and the Internet. You can listen to English songs (5) the radio (6) use English to communicate (7) people around the world through the Internet. With so many people (8) (communicate) in English every day, it will become (9) (important) to have (10) good kn

6、owledge of English. Unit 3 My name is Wang Kun. Since middle school, my sister and I 1 (dream) about 2 (take)a great bike trip. When we graduated from college, we finally got the chance to do it. It 3 my sister 4 first had the idea to cycle along 5 Mekong River from 6

7、it begins to where it ends. The Dai live near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that 7 (call) the Mekong River in other countries. Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too. She insisted that we 8 (find)the source of the river. She gave me a 9 (determine) look

8、. Once She has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give 10 . Unit 4 At 3:42 a.m. everything began to shake. It seemed 1 the world was ____2___ an end! Eleven kilometers____3_____(direct) below the city the greatest earthquakes of the 20th century began. It was hea

9、rd in Beijing, ____4___ is one hundred kilometers away. One - third of the nation felt it. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut __5____ houses, roads and canals. Steam burst from 6 (hole) in the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen

10、 terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins . Two-thirds of the people died or _____7_____(injure) during the earthquake. Thousands of families 8 ( kill) and many children were left ___9___ parents. The number of people 10 were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. Unit 5 My

11、name is Elias. I am a poor black worker in South Africa. The time (1)_______ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and he had opened a black law firm to advise poor black people (2)_______ their problems. I began school at six

12、. The (3)_______ where I studied only two years was three kilometres away. I had to leave , (4)_______ my family could not continue to pay the shool fees and the bus (5) ______ . I could not read (6)______write. After trying hard , I got a job in a gold mine . This was a time when one had got to hav

13、e a passsbook to live in Johanneburg. (7)______(sad) I did not have this passbook because I was not born there and I was worried (8)_____ whether I would be out of work. The day when Nelson Mandela told me what to do and helped me was one of the 9 (happy) days of my life . He told me how to get

14、 the correct papers so I could stay in Johanneburg. I never forgot (10) ______ kind he was and when he organized the ANC Youth League , I joined it as soon as I could . [參考答案] Unit 1 Keys: 1. in 2. occupied 3. policies 4. to kill 5. known 6. without 7. To avoid 8

15、.non-Jewish 9. when 10. being killed Unit 2 Key: (1) has developed (2) widely (3) Chinese (4) global (5) on (6) or (7) with (8) communicating (9) more and more important (10) a Unit 3 Keys: 1. have dreamed 2. taking 3. was 4. that 5. the 6. where 7. is called 8

16、. find 9. determined 10. in Unit 4 Keys：1.that; 2. at ; 3. directly ; 4.which; 5. across ; 6.holes; 7. were injured ; 8. were killed 9. without; 10. who Unit 5 Keys: 1. when 2. on 3. school 4. because 5. fare 6.or 7. Sadly 8.about 9. happiest 10. how 一. 直接引語和間接引語

17、 （一）直接引述別人的原話，叫做直接引語；用自己話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫做間接引語。間接引語一般構(gòu)成賓語從句。直接引語必須放在引號內(nèi)，間接引語則不用引號。直接引語改為間接引語時，除將引語部分變成賓語從句外，還必須對直接引語中的人稱、時態(tài)、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等進行改變。 1. 時態(tài)的變化：直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，通常受轉(zhuǎn)述動詞said, asked等的影響而使用過去化的時態(tài)，即把原來的時態(tài)向過去推，也就是一般現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)橐话氵^去時，現(xiàn)在進行時變?yōu)檫^去進行時，等等。例如： Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.” →To

18、m said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人稱代詞、指示代詞、時間狀語、地點狀語等等的變化： 根據(jù)意義進行相應(yīng)的變化，例如： She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” →She asked Jack where he had been. He said,“These books are mine.” →He said that those books were his. （二）直接引語改為間接引語時，都使用陳述語序，但是因為原句的句式不同，所以變成間接引語時所用的連

19、詞會有所不同。直接引語如果是一般疑問句，用連接詞whether或if；如果是特殊疑問句，則用疑問詞引導(dǎo)間接引語。轉(zhuǎn)述的動詞一般用asked，可以在其后加上一個間接賓語me, him, her, us等。如： She said,“Is your father at home?” →She asked me if/whether my father was at home. “What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me. →My friend asked me what I did every Sunday. 直接引語如果是祈

20、使句，改為間接引語時，要將祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)原句的語氣（即請求或命令）加上ask, tell, order等動詞，如果祈使句為否定式，則在不定式前加not。其句型為：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如： She said to us,“Please sit down.” →She asked us to sit down. He said to him,“Go away!” →He ordered him to go away. He said, “Don’t mak

21、e so much noise, boys.” →He told the boys not to make so much noise. 二. 各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)概述 被動語態(tài)的概念：它是動詞的一種形式，表示主語與謂語之間的執(zhí)行或被執(zhí)行關(guān)系。主動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的執(zhí)行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river. 被動語態(tài)表示主語是謂語動作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river. 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 被動語態(tài)的形式是由“助動詞be+動詞的過去分

22、詞”構(gòu)成。助動詞be隨著主語的人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)等的不同而變化。幾種常見時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式如下： 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時 am/is/are + 過去分詞 例如：Rice is planted in the south of China. 2. 一般過去時 was/were + 過去分詞 例如：These trees were planted the year before last. 3. 一般將來時 will/shall + be + 過去分詞 例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school. 4. 現(xiàn)在進

23、行時 am/is/are + being + 過去分詞 例如：Your radio is being repaired now. 5. 過去進行時 was/were + being + 過去分詞 When he got there, the problem was being discussed. 6. 現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has + been + 過去分詞 His work has been finished. Has his work been finished? Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t. 7. 過去完成時 had + bee

24、n + 過去分詞 注意： 1．除了be之外的其它系動詞如get, stay等也可以和過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered. 2. 含有情態(tài)動詞的謂語變成被動語態(tài)使用“情態(tài)動詞+ be + 過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如： More attention should be paid to the old in this country. This work can’t be done until Mr. Black comes. 3. 含有“be going to”, “be to”等結(jié)構(gòu)的謂語，其被動語態(tài)分別用“be

25、 going to + be + 過去分詞”和“be to + be + 過去分詞”。例如： The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting. All these books are to be taken to the library. 4. 被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別：“連系動詞+用作表語的過去分詞”構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)，與被動語態(tài)的形式完全一樣，所以應(yīng)注意它們的區(qū)別。被動語態(tài)中的過去分詞是動詞，多強調(diào)動作；系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，多強調(diào)狀態(tài)。前者通?？捎胋y 引出動作的執(zhí)行者，而后者則不可以。例如： Th

26、e map was changed by someone.（被動結(jié)構(gòu)） That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.（系表結(jié)構(gòu)） 系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞通?？杀籿ery修飾，被動語態(tài)中的過去分詞往往要用much修飾。 例如： He was very excited.（系表結(jié)構(gòu)） He was much excited by her words.（被動結(jié)構(gòu)） 5. 主動形式表被動意義。有些動詞的主動形式有被動意味，如 open, read, sell, shut, wash, wear, write等。此時句子的主語一般是物。例如： These books sell well. 這些書很暢銷。 The door won’t shut. 這門關(guān)不上。 The clothes wash well. 這些衣服很好洗。