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1、新課標(biāo)人教版課件系列高中英語高考系列復(fù)習(xí)高考系列復(fù)習(xí)4545一輪語法復(fù)習(xí)名詞性從句 1.The photographs will show you _ .（MET89） A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 2.He asked _ for a violin（MET92） A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much

2、 did I pay D. how much I paid 規(guī)律一：規(guī)律一：名詞性從句在句中要用陳述語序名詞性從句在句中要用陳述語序 1. _ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A.What , what B. What , that C. That , that D. That , what 2. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. Awhile Bthat Cif Dfor 3.What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will r

3、ecover from the serious disease soon Awhen Bhow Cwhether Dwhy4 made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. AWhatbecause BWhatthat CThatwhatDThatbecause規(guī)律二規(guī)律二：1.從句是陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來的，不含從句是陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來的，不含有疑問意義。由有疑問意義。由that 引導(dǎo)且引導(dǎo)且that連詞在從句中連詞在從句中不作成分不作成分2.從句是由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)

4、化而來，含有疑問意從句是由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來，含有疑問意義的。由義的。由whether，if 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)3.從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來，含有疑問意從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來，含有疑問意義的。由義的。由wh-連詞引導(dǎo)且連詞引導(dǎo)且 wh-連詞在從句中作連詞在從句中作成分。成分。連接代詞連接代詞what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，連接副詞連接副詞where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律：找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總

5、結(jié)出規(guī)律：7. If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it.9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting.10. He asked me if I could go with him or not. Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.It depends on whet

6、her the weather is .The question is whether he himself will be present .He asked me whether I could go with him or not. 規(guī)律三規(guī)律三： whetherwhether和和ifif的區(qū)別的區(qū)別：whetherwhether和和ifif在賓語從句中可在賓語從句中可以互換，但是作介詞賓語時連以互換，但是作介詞賓語時連接詞一般用接詞一般用whetherwhether。如：如：It all depends It all depends on whetheron whether they

7、will come back.they will come back.后面直接跟后面直接跟or not or not 時用時用 whetherwhether。如：如：I didnt know whether or I didnt know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.not he had arrived in Wuhan.主語從句和表語從句中只能用主語從句和表語從句中只能用whetherwhether。如：如：WhetherWhether the meeting will be the meeting will be put off has n

8、ot been decided put off has not been decided yet.yet.The question is The question is whether whether they they have so much money.have so much money.whetherwhether可以引導(dǎo)同位語從可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句，用以說明前面的名詞的句，用以說明前面的名詞的內(nèi)容，內(nèi)容，ifif不能。不能。如：如：We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.whethe

9、rwhether常與常與oror連用表示一種選連用表示一種選擇，擇，ifif不能這樣用；不能這樣用；whetherwhether也可也可與動詞不定式連用但與動詞不定式連用但ifif不能。不能。如：如：The question of The question of whetherwhether they they are male are male oror female is not female is not important.important.I have not decided I have not decided whetherwhether to to gogo or not.

10、or not. whetherwhether可引導(dǎo)一個讓步狀語從可引導(dǎo)一個讓步狀語從句表示句表示“不管不管”、“無論無論”，而，而ifif不能，但可以引導(dǎo)一個條件狀語從不能，但可以引導(dǎo)一個條件狀語從句表示句表示“如果如果”如：如：WhetherWhether he comes or not, we he comes or not, we will begin our party on time.will begin our party on time.If If I have time tomorrow, I have time tomorrow, Ill go to visit Tom.Il

11、l go to visit Tom.找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律：找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律：1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2. That is hard to decide when and where we will held our sports meeting.3. Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time. 4. It doesn

12、t matter that you will come or not.ititthatwhether規(guī)律四規(guī)律四：主語從句和賓語從句在適當(dāng)?shù)那闆r主語從句和賓語從句在適當(dāng)?shù)那闆r 下可以借助下可以借助 “ “it” it” 而后置而后置。1.主語從句可以用主語從句可以用it （作形式主語）作形式主語） 來替換成以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)表達。來替換成以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)表達。(A)It is clear/certain/likely /true/surprising that （B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that .（C）It is said/reported/

13、believed/known/thought/suggested that （D）It seems/happens that如：如：It is said that China will win in the World Cup. 2.賓語從句可以用賓語從句可以用it（作形式賓語）作形式賓語） 來替換的句型為：來替換的句型為：主語謂語主語謂語itAdj/N從句從句如：如： I think it necessary that we have the meeting1. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _ shares her interests. A. anyo

14、ne B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 2. _ much advice I gave him, he did exactly what he wanted to do. A. How B. Whatever C. However D. No matter 3. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wheneverHe will believe whatever othe

15、rs say. （不能用不能用no matter what代替代替whatever） Whatever others say, he will believe it.（可以用可以用no matter what代替代替whatever）規(guī)律四規(guī)律四：whatever, whichever, whoever, whatever, whichever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however whenever, wherever, however 等與等與 no matter no matter what, no matter which, no matter wh

16、o, no what, no matter which, no matter who, no matter when, no matter where, no matter matter when, no matter where, no matter how how 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別: :前者既可以前者既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可以，也可以引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句，而，而 no matter no matter 加疑問詞加疑問詞只能只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律：找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結(jié)出規(guī)律：4. We suggested t

17、hat we would go to the cinema.5. My idea is that we must do our homework first.6. His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable. We suggested that we (should) go to the cinema.My idea is that we (should) do our homework first.His proposal that we (should) go there on foot.規(guī)律五規(guī)律五：注意注意虛擬語氣在名詞性

18、從句虛擬語氣在名詞性從句中的運用中的運用！(1)虛擬語氣在虛擬語氣在賓語從句賓語從句中的運用。中的運用?！皐ish + wish + 賓語從句賓語從句”表示不能實表示不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，譯為現(xiàn)的愿望，譯為“要是要是就好了就好了”等。表示現(xiàn)在不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句等。表示現(xiàn)在不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時；表示將中的謂語動詞用一般過去時；表示將來不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動來不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用詞用“would/could + would/could + 動詞原形動詞原形”；表示過去不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的表示過去不能實現(xiàn)的愿望，從句中的謂語動詞用謂語動詞用“had +

19、had + 過去分詞過去分詞”或或“could(should) + have + could(should) + have + 過過去分詞去分詞”。如：。如：I wish it I wish it werewere spring all the spring all the year round.year round.I wish I I wish I had knownhad known the answer. the answer.I wish I I wish I could flycould fly like a like a bird.bird.在表示建議、要求、命令等的動詞在表示建

20、議、要求、命令等的動詞suggestsuggest、adviseadvise、proposepropose、demanddemand、requirerequire、insist requestinsist request、commandcommand、orderorder等動詞后的賓語從句中，從句謂語動等動詞后的賓語從句中，從句謂語動詞用詞用( (should) + should) + 動詞原形或是動詞原形。動詞原形或是動詞原形。如：如：She suggested we She suggested we (should)leave(should)leave here here at once.

21、at once.The doctor ordered she The doctor ordered she (should )be(should )be operated on.operated on.（2 2）虛擬語氣在同位語從句和表語從句中的運用。虛擬語氣在同位語從句和表語從句中的運用。作表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞作表示建議、要求、命令等的名詞adviseadvise、ideaidea、orderorder、demanddemand、planplan、proposalproposal、suggestionsuggestion、requestrequest等的表語從句和同位等的表語從句和同

22、位語從句，從句中的謂語動詞用語從句，從句中的謂語動詞用“（shouldshould） + + 動詞原形動詞原形”。如：。如：His suggestion that we His suggestion that we (should)go(should)go to to Shanghai is wonderful.Shanghai is wonderful.My idea is that they My idea is that they (should)pay(should)pay 100 100 dollars.dollars.（3 3）虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運用。虛擬語氣在主語從句中的運用

23、。在主語從句中，謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用在主語從句中，謂語動詞的虛擬語氣用“should should + + 動詞原形動詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示驚奇、不相信、理應(yīng)的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示驚奇、不相信、理應(yīng)如此等。如此等。如：如：It is necessary(important, natural, It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that we strange, etc.)that we should cleanshould clean the room every day.the room every day.It was a pity (a

24、 shame, no wonder, It was a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.)that you etc.)that you should beshould be so careless. so careless.It will be desired(suggested, decided, It will be desired(suggested, decided, ordered, requested, proposed, ordered, requested, proposed, etc.)that she etc.)that she should f

25、inishshould finish her her homework this afternoon.homework this afternoon.注意：這種從句表示的是事實。如果說人對注意：這種從句表示的是事實。如果說人對這種事實表現(xiàn)出驚奇的情感，就可用虛擬語這種事實表現(xiàn)出驚奇的情感，就可用虛擬語氣。反之，如果不表示驚奇等情感，氣。反之，如果不表示驚奇等情感，thatthat從從句也可用陳述句語氣。如：句也可用陳述句語氣。如：It is pity that you It is pity that you cant swimcant swim. .名詞從句與定語從句 的主要區(qū)別I.I. 成分

26、上的區(qū)別：成分上的區(qū)別： 名詞性從句和定語從句分別在句中充當(dāng)什么名詞性從句和定語從句分別在句中充當(dāng)什么 樣的成分？樣的成分？1. How the prisoner escaped remains a mystery.2. I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job.3. The problem is who will be equal to the task.4. He had no idea whether we could overcome the present difficulties or not.主語主語賓語賓語表語表語同位語同位語5. I

27、visited the country which/that had been bombed by the US-led NATO (美國為首的北約美國為首的北約) a month before6. I shall never forget the years when I lived in the countryside with the farmers, which has a great effect on my life. 7. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm., by which time man

28、y people have gone home.8. I had never seen such a good film as I watched last night. 結(jié)論結(jié)論：名詞性從句充當(dāng)句子的名詞性從句充當(dāng)句子的主要成分主要成分（作主語，賓語，表語，同位語），（作主語，賓語，表語，同位語），且且無先行詞，同位語除外無先行詞，同位語除外。定語從句充當(dāng)句子的定語從句充當(dāng)句子的修飾成分修飾成分（作定語），（作定語），前面有先行詞前面有先行詞同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別： that作為關(guān)系代詞作為關(guān)系代詞, 可以引導(dǎo)定語從句可以引導(dǎo)定語從句, 充當(dāng)句子的充當(dāng)句子的主語

29、或賓語主語或賓語成分成分, 在從句中作賓語時可以省略在從句中作賓語時可以省略; that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時引導(dǎo)同位語從句時, 起連詞的作用起連詞的作用, 沒有實際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分沒有實際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分, 一般不能省略。一般不能省略。 試比較下面兩個例句試比較下面兩個例句: The suggestion (that) he raised at the meeting is very good.（that引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句, 作賓語作賓語, 可以省略）可以省略） The suggestion that the students (should) have plenty of exer

30、cise is very good.（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句）引導(dǎo)同位語從句） I had no idea that you were here.（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句引導(dǎo)同位語從句, 不能省略）不能省略） Have you got the idea (that) this book gives you of life in ancient Greece?（that引導(dǎo)定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句, 作賓語作賓語, 可以省略）可以省略） I.I. 引導(dǎo)詞的不同：引導(dǎo)詞的不同： 不會出現(xiàn)在名詞從句中的關(guān)系詞：不會出現(xiàn)在名詞從句中的關(guān)系詞： 不會出現(xiàn)在定語從句中的關(guān)系詞：不會出現(xiàn)在定語從句中的關(guān)系詞：

31、as, 且且 when, where 等不能與等不能與 in/on/at which 互換?；Q。whether, if, what, howIII.III.名詞從句與定語從句的一些對應(yīng)系名詞從句與定語從句的一些對應(yīng)系：1. He has done what he can to help me. -He has done _ _ he can to help me.2. What I want to say has nothing to do with it. -_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it. all thatAll that 3. W

32、hoever breaks the law is to be punished. _ _ breaks the law is to be punished.4. He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most. He will give the dictionary to _ _ needs it most. 5. Well remember whomever we turned to for help. Well remember _ _ we turned to for help.Anyone whoanyone whoanyone

33、 (whom)6. They will do whatever he wants them to do.They will do _ _he wants them to do. 7. Ill read whichever book you give me.Ill read _ of the books _ you give me. anything thatanythatIV.IV.其余問題其余問題：1. 誤：誤：I dont know if he comes back this month.2. 誤：誤：I have no idea what had happened when I was

34、away.正：正：I dont know if he will come back this month.正：正：I have no idea what happened when I was away.3.誤：誤：The reason is because he is ill.4.誤：誤：Who leaves last turns off the light.正：正：The reason is that he is ill.正：正：Whoever leaves last turns off the light.1.I ask her _ come with me. A.if she will

35、 B. if will she C. whether will she D. will she 2._ he said is true. A.What B. That C. Which D. Whether 5.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A.only what B. all what C. all that D. only that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here. A. what B. how C. its D. that 3.Can you

36、tell me _? A.who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _. A.they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 7.Can you tell me _ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I

37、 can got to D. where can I get to 8.Do you know _? A. what is his name B. how is his name C. what his name is D. how his name is 9._ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 10.They have no idea at all _. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place has

38、 he gone D. where has he gone 11.They want to know _ do to help us. A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they 12.These photographs will show you _. A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks lik

39、e 13.Can you make sure _ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure _ in a million years. A. what man will look like B. what will man look like C. man will look like D. what look man like 15._ the 2008 Olympic Game

40、s will be held in Beijing is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 16.Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 17.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that C. if D. for 18._ he said at the meeting astonished every

41、body present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 19. Do you remember _ he came? Yes, I do. He came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 20._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what 21._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weathe

42、r. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 22.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 23. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 24.These wild flowers are s

43、o special that I would do _ I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 25._ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 26.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how

44、excited were they D. they were how excited 27._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 28.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _ I got wet through. A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how 29.It was a matter of _ would take the position.

45、A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever 30._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever 31.It was _ he said _ disappointed me. A. what ; that B. that ; that C. what ; what D. that ; what 32.Eat _ cake you like and leave the others for _ comes in late. A. any ; who B. every ; whoever C. whichever ; whoever D. either ; whoever