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1、第35講定語從句遼寧中考對(duì)定語從句的考查是重要考點(diǎn)。在單項(xiàng)選擇題型中主要考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的辨析，最?？嫉臑閠hat，which，who引導(dǎo)的限定性定語從句，重點(diǎn)在于區(qū)別先行詞。偶爾在完形填空中考查定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的辨析。所以，掌握定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞是關(guān)鍵。定語從句(2015年共考查7次，2014年共考查6次，2013年共考查7次)高頻考向一定語從句的關(guān)系詞定語從句在句中作定語，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系代詞who，whom，that，which，whose或關(guān)系副詞when，where，why等引出。who，whom，that代替的先行詞

2、是指人的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you？他是想見你的那個(gè)人嗎？He is the man(who/whom/that)I saw yesterday.他是昨天我看到的那個(gè)人。which，that代替的先行詞是指代事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等。如：Mary likes music that/which is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。The coat(that/which)I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的外套是藍(lán)色的。whose用來

3、指人或物，在句中只用作定語，如：Please pass me the book whose cover is green.請(qǐng)把封面是綠色的那本書遞給我。關(guān)系副詞有when，where，why，它們在句中作狀語。如：Ill never forget the days when we studied together.我永遠(yuǎn)忘不了我們一起學(xué)習(xí)的那些日子。This is the city where my father worked ten years ago.這是我爸十年前工作的城市。Do you know the reason why he was late for school?你知道他上學(xué)遲

4、到的原因嗎？【例1】 Do you know the kid _ is talking with Bob over there?Yes，its my cousin.(2015，朝陽)Awhom Bwho Cwhich Dwhat【解析】考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。先行詞是kid，指人，且在從句中作主語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who。答案：_【例2】 Please pass me the cartoon book _ has a Mickey Mouse on the cover.(2015，朝陽預(yù)測)Awhom Bwhose Cwho Dwhich【解析】先行詞是book，指物，因此關(guān)系詞用which/tha

5、t。答案：_BD【例3】 This is the primary school _ I studied three years ago.(2015，鞍山預(yù)測)Awhere Bwhen Cthat Dwhich【解析】先行詞school在定語從句中作studied的地點(diǎn)狀語。答案：_A高頻考向二關(guān)系詞只能用that而不用which的情況當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。如：This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen.這是我所看過的最激烈的一場足球賽。當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)。如：The first thin

6、g that you could do was to turn off the light.你首先要做的就是關(guān)燈。當(dāng)先行詞為all，everything，nothing，something，anything，little，much，none等不定代詞時(shí)(something后也可用which)。如：All that we have to do for our students is to tell them how to speak English in class.我們要為學(xué)生做的所有的事情就是告訴他們?nèi)绾卧谡n上說英語。Im going to buy everything that I nee

7、d.我要去買我所需要的一切東西。當(dāng)先行詞前面有only，just，any，no等詞修飾時(shí)。如：Thats the only thing that we can do now.那是我們現(xiàn)在唯一能做的事情。當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時(shí)。如：They are talking about things and persons that they remembered.他們正在談?wù)撍麄兯芑貞浧饋淼娜嘶蚴?。【?】 The Palace Museum is the best place _ Ive ever visited.(2015，錦州二模)Athat Bwhich Cwhere Dwhat【解析】在先行

8、詞place前有形容詞最高級(jí)best修飾，關(guān)系詞只能用that。答案：_【例5】 Look at the boy and his dog _ are coming this way.Awho Bwhich Cthat Dwhom【解析】先行詞是由人與物組成時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞用that。答案：_AC高頻考向三關(guān)系詞只能用who(whom)而不用that的情況當(dāng)先行詞為all，any或其合成詞或a few且指人時(shí)。如：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.任何違法的人都會(huì)受到懲罰。當(dāng)先行詞為that，this，those或these且指人時(shí)。如：Those

9、 who hadnt bought the tickets for the train crowded in the waiting hall.那些還沒買著票的人擠在候車廳里。當(dāng)先行詞在定語從句中作賓語或表語時(shí)，在口語中用who或whom引導(dǎo)均可，但如直接位于介詞后作賓語時(shí)，只能用whom。如：The guest (who/whom) Ill first introduce to you is a little girl.我首先要介紹給你們的客人是一位小姑娘。I met a few friends of mine，among whom was my old classmate.我遇見幾位朋友，其中一位是我的老同學(xué)?！纠?】 Success will belong to those _ never say “impossible”Awhom Bwhat Cwho Dwhich【解析】先行詞是those且指人，在句中作主語，故關(guān)系代詞用who。答案：_C