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1、人教版英語精品資料（精修版） Unit 4 Pygmalion 單元測(cè)試（人教版選修8，重慶專用） (滿分：120分，時(shí)間：120分鐘) 第一部分 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用 (共兩節(jié)，滿分45分) 第一節(jié) 單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分) 從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 1．When they got there, they found the people suffering the storm were________food and water supplies. A．in need of B．in praise of C

2、．in honor of D．in place of 解析　句意：他們到那兒時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)遭受暴風(fēng)雨的人們需要食物和水。in need of需要。 答案　A 2．If we all agree to make________with each other when we are in disputes, wars are forever gone and we are surely to live in peace. A．a(chǎn)djustment B．compromise C．promise D．a(chǎn)cquaintance 解析　句意：如果我們彼

3、此之間做出妥協(xié)和讓步。make compromise with與……妥協(xié)，符合句意。 答案　B 3．Good technique in medicine means less pain and fewer deaths and, ________it is our duty to master it. A．a(chǎn)ltogether B．otherwise C．however D．therefore 解析　 考查副詞辨析。altogether 總的說來； therefore因此； otherwise否則； however然而。句意：醫(yī)藥方面的好技術(shù)意味著減

4、少痛苦和死亡， 因此掌握它是我們的職責(zé)。 答案　D 4．On hearing the horrible noise，they all went out and looked at what was happening in________. A．a(chǎn)musement B．enjoyment C．a(chǎn)mazement D．embarrassment 解析　in amazement驚愕地。 答案　C 5．Some can never go above 4,000 meters, because their body is unable to_______

5、_these extreme conditions. A．a(chǎn)dopt to B．a(chǎn)djust C．a(chǎn)dapt to D．a(chǎn)dmire 解析　句意：有些人永遠(yuǎn)不能到達(dá)超過4000米的地方，因?yàn)樗麄兊纳眢w無法調(diào)整以適應(yīng)這種極端狀況。adapt to調(diào)整以適應(yīng)。 答案　C 6．He seems to________one important fact，but no one wants to point it out. A．look down B．overlook C．find out D．set out 解析　句意：他

6、似乎忽略了一個(gè)重要的事實(shí)，但沒有人愿意指出來。overlook忽略。 答案　B 7．Advertising companies are always having to think up new ways to________products. A．design B．classify C．promote D．identify 解析　句意：廣告公司一直得想出新辦法來促銷。 promote products 促進(jìn)產(chǎn)品銷售。 答案　C 8．Her lack of knowledge________her to do the kind of work that

7、 needs strength. A．condemns B．makes C．orders D．conducts 解析　condemn sb to do sth 某人注定做某事。句意：因?yàn)橹R(shí)貧乏，這注定了她從事力氣活。 答案　A 9．She cried her heart out after her husband had passed________. A．by B．a(chǎn)way C．off as D．on 解析　句意：她的丈夫去世后，她痛不欲生。pass away去世，離世。 答案　B 10．Having had

8、a fight with his girlfriend last week，Tom hesitated________her to the birthday party. A．to inviting B．on inviting C．for invite D．to invite 解析　句意：因?yàn)樯现芎团笥殉臣?，湯姆不想邀?qǐng)她去參加生日宴會(huì)。hesitate to do sth不想做某事，猶豫不決做某事。 答案　D 11．The University of Tokyo is the oldest university in Japan and has al

9、ways been in the lead when it comes to________new challenges. A．be faced B．face C．facing D．faced 解析　句意：東京大學(xué)是日本最古老的大學(xué)，當(dāng)面臨新的挑戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候，它總是走在前列。when it comes to當(dāng)談?wù)摰健臅r(shí)候，后跟v.-ing。 答案　C 12．He was________upset over her illness. A．horrible B．horribly C．possible D．possibly

10、 解析　句意：他為她的病而憂心忡忡。horribly修飾形容詞upset。 答案　B 13．What he said in the meeting________everybody present. A．disgusted B．dismissed C．disposed D．disgusting 解析　句意：他在會(huì)議上的話讓每個(gè)在場(chǎng)的人反感。disgust使反感；dismiss開除，解散；dispose清除，解決。選A。 答案　A 14．—I need to advertise for a roommate for next term. —_

11、_______？ Mary is interested. A．Why bother B．What if C．So what D．What for 解析　句意：——我需要登廣告找個(gè)下個(gè)學(xué)期的室友?！M(fèi)那個(gè)勁做什么？瑪麗對(duì)此事感興趣。why bother何必那么麻煩；what if將會(huì)如何；so what那又怎么樣；what for為什么。根據(jù)語境可知選A項(xiàng)。 答案　A 15．________history of the American South is________history of suffering，also one of hope and s

12、uccess. A．A；the B．The；the C．A；a D．The；a 解析　考查冠詞。第一空強(qiáng)調(diào)美國(guó)南方的歷史，用定冠詞表特指；第二空表示“一段……的歷史”，用不定冠詞。 答案　D 二、完形填空 (共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分) 閱讀下面兩篇短文，掌握大意，然后從16～35各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 (A) When I was a law professor，a student reported that I made an error in grading his exam by giving

13、him too many points.He was right，and after__16__him for his honesty，I changed the grade in my records.His beaming face turned to shock.“You're__17__my grade？”he said angrily.“I would never have come in if...” It was obvious that his display of honesty was__18__.He thought he'd have it all－praise an

14、d the higher grade. Several colleagues thought I should have let the higher grade__19__because all I'd accomplished was to discourage him from being honest in the future. But I can't see how I could worsen my__20__in grading by undermining(損害)the honesty of all my grades by failing to correct an e

15、rror.The grade itself would be a dishonest__21__of his knowledge and it would have been__22__to other students. I know__23__reporting an error in one's favor is unusual，but，like__24__too much change，it's clearly the right thing to do.For people with real honesty，a good conscience and reputation is_

16、_25__enough for the cost of doing the right thing. Perhaps lowering the student's grade did__26__him from being honest in the future，but bribing(賄賂)him to be honest so that he does the right thing when it's costfree would have__27__him even more.The duty to be honest is about right and wrong，not r

17、isks and rewards. 16．A.apologizing B．replacing C．thanking D．blaming 解析　教授認(rèn)為學(xué)生非常誠(chéng)實(shí)，因此將分?jǐn)?shù)改了過來，并因此而表示感激 (thanking)。 答案　C 17．A.lowering B．correcting C．changing D．making 解析　由上下文語境可知，看到自己的分?jǐn)?shù)降低(lowering)了，學(xué)生感到生氣。 文章最后一段可找到提示。 答案　

18、A 18．A.good B．false C．special D．impressive 解析　根據(jù)上文可知，學(xué)生表現(xiàn)出的誠(chéng)實(shí)是虛偽的(false)。 答案　B 19．A.remove B．change C．stand D．a(chǎn)dd 解析　幾位同事認(rèn)為，分?jǐn)?shù)不應(yīng)該改動(dòng)。stand意為“保持不變”。 答案　C 20．A.crime B．mistake C．doubt D．guilty 解析　教授認(rèn)為，他不能靠不改分?jǐn)?shù)，損毀分?jǐn)?shù)的真實(shí)，再去加深這一

19、錯(cuò)誤 (mistake)。 答案　B 21．A.reaction B．sense C．sign D．reflection 解析　假如這樣，分?jǐn)?shù)本身就是他的知識(shí)方面非真實(shí)的反映(reflection)。 答案　D 22．A.unfair B．cruel C．tough D．funny 解析　對(duì)其他學(xué)生來講也是不公平的(unfair)。 答案　A 23．A.actively B．secretly C．voluntarily D．curiously 解析　主動(dòng)匯報(bào)對(duì)個(gè)人有利的錯(cuò)誤

20、非尋?，F(xiàn)象。voluntarily意為“自愿地”， 符合句意。 答案　C 24．A.receiving B．paying C．earning D．returning 解析　然而，像退換(returning)找多的零錢，那也顯然是值得做的事情。 答案　D 25．A.pleasure B．reward C．content D．honor 解析　對(duì)于一個(gè)真正的誠(chéng)實(shí)者而言，良知和聲譽(yù)就是對(duì)他們正確行為的最好 回報(bào)(reward)。 答案　B 26．A.pro

21、tect B．influence C．discourage D．separate 解析　可能降低學(xué)生的分?jǐn)?shù)的確會(huì)使得這個(gè)學(xué)生以后不再誠(chéng)實(shí)。根據(jù)上文all I'd accomplished was to discourage him from being honest in the future可知答 案。 答案　C 27．A.improved B．encouraged C．blamed D．ruined 解析　本來是免費(fèi)的，假如依靠賄賂，教會(huì)了他誠(chéng)實(shí)，才知道怎么做，那

22、他 會(huì)被毀掉(ruined)得更為嚴(yán)重。 答案　D (B) Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents.Every day they are very busy trying to earn money to pay the high tuition for my brother and me.They don't act in the__28__ways that I read in books or I see on TV.In their opinion，“I love you” is too

23、__29__for them to say.Sending flowers to each other on Valentine's Day is even more out of__30__. One day，my mother was sewing a quilt.I sat down beside her.“Mom，is there__31__between you and Dad？”I asked her in a very low voice.She didn't answer immediately.She__32__her head and continued to sew t

24、he quilt.But at last I heard my mother say the following words： “Susan，”she said thoughtfully，“Look at this thread.Sometimes it__33__，but most of it disappears in the quilt.The thread really makes the quilt strong and durable.If life is a quilt，then love should be a thread.It can hardly be seen any

25、where or anytime，but it's really there.Love is__34__.” Once I thought love meant flowers，gifts and__35__.Now I understand that love is inside，making life strong and warm. 28．A.magic B．romantic C．fantastic D．a(chǎn)ttractive 解析　他們從未像我在書中讀到，或在電視中看到的那樣“漫”。Fantastic 奇異的，怪異的；magic魔法，有魔力。

26、 答案　B 29．A.simple B．easy C．relaxing D．luxurious 解析　從上下文得知，說出“我愛你”是奢侈了，而不是太簡(jiǎn)單、容易、輕 松。 答案　D 30．A.the question B．question C．reach D．control 解析　out of the question是固定短語，意為“毫無可能”；out of question有 可能；out of reach(伸手)夠不著；out of control失控。 答案　A

27、 31．A.feeling B．love C．quarrel D．smile 解析　根據(jù)上下文，此處指“你和爸爸之間有沒有愛情”。 答案　B 32．A.raised B．shook C．nodded D．bowed 解析　因在縫被子，母親低下頭。 答案　D 33．A.happens B．comes about C．a(chǎn)ppears D．occurs 解析　由下文的“disappears”得知此處是“appears”。蘇珊，看看這線。有時(shí)候， 你能看得見，但是大

28、多數(shù)都隱藏在被子里。 答案　C 34．A.inside B．outside C．faraway D．nearby 解析　由上句推出：愛是內(nèi)在的。下文有提示。 答案　A 35．A.fresh roses B．gold ring C．sweet kisses D．beautiful jewelry 解析　四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中A、B、D與前面提到的“鮮花、禮物”同類，只有C項(xiàng) 不同類。我曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為愛情就是鮮花、禮物和甜蜜的親吻。 答案　C 第二部分 閱讀理解 (共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40

29、分) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you're doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you're holding a large glass of iced tea.The physical sensation (感覺) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold dri

30、nk in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions — those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A．Bargh. Psychologists have known that one person's perception (感知) of another's “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to

31、be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies' conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warm

32、th and coldness.Classic studics by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlow's work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical

33、contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills. Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal.Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm”， or “cold” is common to many cultu

34、res, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries. To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the study's hypotheses (假設(shè))，handed t

35、he students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form. The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of“Person A”based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm dr

36、ink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink. “We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly，” says Bargh. 【語篇解讀】 最近的心理學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們對(duì)“溫暖”或者“寒冷”的感受可以改變?nèi)藗兊那楦小? 36．According to Paragraph 1, a person's emotion may be affected by________. A．the visitor

37、s to his office B．the psychology lessons he has C．his physical feeling of coldness D．the things he has bought online 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段的第三句話可知，溫暖的感覺激發(fā)溫暖的情感，而冷飲在手則會(huì)阻止你做出不明智的決定，因此可以說一個(gè)人的情感可能會(huì)受到冷的感覺的影響。 答案　B 37．The author mentions Harlow' s experiment to show that________. A．a(chǎn)dults should dev

38、elop social skills B．babies need warm physical contact C．caregivers should be healthy adults D．monkeys have social relationships 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在試驗(yàn)中，猴子喜歡去靠近布制的“媽媽”而不喜歡“金屬線”做的“媽媽”。這使心理學(xué)家們強(qiáng)調(diào)養(yǎng)育者應(yīng)該讓孩子們多接觸一些令人感覺溫暖的東西，以幫助孩子們成長(zhǎng)為有正常社交技能的健康的成年人，故B項(xiàng)正確。 答案　B 38．In Bargh' s experiment, the students were as

39、ked to________. A．evaluate someone's personality B．write down their hypotheses C．fill out a personal information form D．hold coffee and cold drink alternatively 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中倒數(shù)第二段中的“After that，the students were asked to rate the personality of‘Person A’ based on a particular description.”可知

40、選A。在試驗(yàn)中，學(xué)生被要求評(píng)價(jià)某人的性格。 答案　A 39．We can infer from the passage that________. A．a(chǎn)bstract thinking does not come from physical experiences B．feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide C．physical temperature affects how we see others D．capable persons are often cold to others 解析　推理

41、判斷題。全文都在論述人們對(duì)“溫暖”或“寒冷”的感覺可以影響人們對(duì)事物的評(píng)價(jià)。因此，物理溫度會(huì)影響我們看待他人的方式。因此選C。 答案　C B Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there's no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your

42、 children's curiosity(好奇). Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job.The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary(薪水) and whether I liked my job.When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silenc

43、e. Finally I said, “Now that we're finished with your lists,_do you have questions of your own about science？” After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why？” This began a set of questions that l

44、asted nearly two hours. Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children g

45、ive more logical(符合邏輯的), complete and creative answers. Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don't jump in with “That's right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior(行為). But in talking about science, quick p

46、raise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying “That's interesting” or “I'd never thought of it that way before”， or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never push a child to “Think”. It doesn't make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them

47、to. What's more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target(目標(biāo)) for your disagreement. Lastly, show; don't tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any le

48、sson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大鏡), and they'll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸發(fā)), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water le

49、vel drop. 【語篇解讀】 本文闡述了如何激發(fā)孩子們對(duì)科學(xué)的興趣，以引導(dǎo)孩子們學(xué)科學(xué)。 40. According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is________. A．to let them see the world around B．to share the children's curiosity C．to explain difficult phras

50、es about science D．to supply the children with lab equipment 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句中的．..share your children's curiosity可推知答案為B。 答案　B 41．In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “l(fā)ists” could best be replaced by________. A．a(chǎn)ny questions B．a(chǎn)ny problems C．questions from textbooks

51、 D．a(chǎn)ny number of questions 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第六句The children asked me “textbook questions”可推知答案為C。 答案　C 42．According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way if adults________. A．a(chǎn)sk them to answer quickly B．wait for one or two seconds after

52、 a question C．tell them to answer the next day D．wait at least for three seconds after a question 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical, complete and creative answers.可推知答案為D。 答案　D 43．In which of the following paragra

53、ph(s) does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion? A．The second and third. B．The fourth and fifth. C．The fifth and sixth. D．The seventh. 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)問題的內(nèi)容可在文章的第五、六段找到答案。 答案　C C Bringing up children is hard work, and you are often to blame for any b

54、ad behavior of your children. If so, Judith Rich Hams has good news for you. Parents, she argues, have no important long-term effects on the development of the personality of their children. Far more important are their playground friends and neighborhood companions. Ms Harris takes to bits the assu

55、mption which has dominated (支配) developmental psychology for almost half a century. Ms Harris' attack on the developmentalists “nurture” argument looks likely to reinforce (加強(qiáng)) doubts that the profession was already having. If parents matter, why is it that two adopted children, reared in the same

56、home, are no more similar in personality than two adopted children reared in separate homes? Or that a pair of identical twins, reared in the same home, are no more alike than a pair of identical twins reared in different homes? Difficult as it is to track the precise effects of parental upbringing

57、, it may be harder to measure the exact influence of the peer (同齡人) group in childhood and adolescence. Ms Harris points to how children from immigrant homes soon learn not to speak at school in the way their parents speak. But acquiring a language is surely a skill, rather than a characteristic of

58、the sort developmental psychologists hunt for. Certainly it is different from growing up tensely or relaxedly, or from learning to be honest or hard－working or generous. Easy though it may be to prove that parents have little impact on those qualities, it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly

59、 more. Moreover, mum and dad surely cannot be ditched completely. Young adults may, as Ms Harris argues, be keen to appear like their contemporaries. But even in those early years, parents have the power to open doors: they may initially choose the peers with whom their young associate, and pick th

60、at influential neighborhood. Moreover, most people suspect that they come to resemble their parents more in middle age, and people's child－rearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did. So the balance of influences is probably complicated, as most parents already suspected without be

61、ing able to demonstrate it scientifically. Even if it turns out that the genes they pass on and the friends their children play with matter as much as affection, discipline and good example，parents are not completely off the hook. 【語篇解讀】 “子不教，父之過”，這一傳統(tǒng)的觀點(diǎn)受到人們的挑戰(zhàn)與質(zhì)疑。 Ms Harris研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，子女性格的養(yǎng)成，更多地受到他們周圍

62、的朋友和鄰居的影響。 44．According to Ms Harris，________. A．parents are to blame for any bad behavior of their children B．children's personality is shaped by their friends and neighbors C．nature rather than upbringing has a significant effect on children's personality development D．parents will gre

63、atly affect the children's life in the long run 解析　推理判斷題。第一段說“孩子性格更多是受朋友和鄰居的影響”。 答案　B 45．The word “ditched”(Line 1, Para.4)could best be replaced by________. A．proved B．emphasized C．compared D．ignored 解析　詞義猜測(cè)題。第四段第一句意為，此外，父母的影響肯定不容忽視。 答案　D 46．The developmental psychologists t

64、hink________. A．children are more influenced by their peers B．identical twins raised in the same home are different in personality C．twins raised in two separate families are different in personality D．upbringing has a less significant effect on children's personality development 解析　推理判斷題。

65、根據(jù)第二段可知，雙胞胎在不同家庭成長(zhǎng)，也就會(huì)有不同的性格。 答案　C 47．According to Paragraph 3, we know that________. A．it is easier for children to gain a language at home B．it is harder to follow the effects of parental upbringing C．immigrant children avoid speaking the same way as their parents at school D．it is prov

66、ed that peers have a greater effect on children's qualities 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第三段說移民家庭里的孩子在學(xué)校不會(huì)像父母一樣說話。 答案　C D It was only a few weeks after my operation, and I went to Dr.Belt's office for a checkup. I still had terrible pain from the scar. As usual, I was taken to an examination room to have my blood drawn, again—a terrifying process for me, since I'm so frightened of needles. I lay down on the examining table. Ramona entered the room. Her warm sparkling smile was familiar, and stood out in co