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1、微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考專題三閱讀理解之簡單判斷和推理微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考高考24話題之(三)：購物(Shopping)假如你的朋友有一幅鄭板橋的畫，要在國際購物網(wǎng)站eBay上出售。根據(jù)下面提示，請為其作簡單英文介紹。【寫作話題寫作話題】作者作者鄭板橋，清代畫家，擅長花卉木石，尤擅寫竹。鄭板橋，清代畫家，擅長花卉木石，尤擅寫竹。畫作畫作主題：竹子主題：竹子尺寸：尺寸：13838 cm售價：售價：30 000美元美元收藏理由：代表作之一，保存完好，極具升值空間。收藏理由：代表作之一，保存完好，極具

2、升值空間。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考_a wellknown painter in Qing Dynasty, Zheng Banqiao enjoys great popularity in China all the time.It_(measure) 138 centimeters long and 38 centimeters wide.And if you sell it in the future, it is sure to be worth_(much) money.【語法填空語法填空】Asmeasuresmore微微課課練練隨隨堂

3、堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考This painting happen to be one of his masterpieces on bamboo.Currently, it is for sale for a price of 30,000 dollars.Beside, preserved with great care by the former owners, it is still in a very good condition.答案happen改為happens第二個for改為atBeside改為Besides；去掉a【語法改錯語法改錯】微微課課練練隨

4、隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考As a wellknown painter in Qing dynasty, Zheng Banqiao enjoys great popularity in China all the time.He is famous for painting flowers and stones, especially bamboos.This painting happens to be one of his masterpieces on bamboo.It measures 138 centimeters long and 38 cent

5、imeters wide.Besides, preserved with great care by the former owners, it is still in very good【范文背誦范文背誦】微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考condition.Currently, it is for sale at a price of 30,000 dollars.I do believe you have good reasons to buy it.You may keep it for long if you like.And if you se

6、ll it in the future, it is sure to be worth more money.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考根據(jù)范文畫線部分仿寫下面情景：這種新款的手機很受人們的歡迎。This new type of cell phones_.這個古老的寺廟得到了細心的保護，所以狀況仍然很好。_答案enjoys great popularityPreserved with great care, this ancient temple is still in good condition.【自主空間自主空間】微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探

7、考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考A(2016新課標甲卷新課標甲卷)Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student, and said：“Make something out of the Tinkertoys.You

8、 have 45 minutes todayand 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.”做真題做真題悟高考悟高考限時限時15分鐘分鐘微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考A few students hesitated to start.They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of th

9、e model plans provided.Another group built something out of their own imaginations.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time.His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.I was deligh

10、ted at the presence of such a student.Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染感染)other students.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside.I ran t

11、he risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare，“But Im just not creative.”“Do you dream at night when youre asleep？”“Oh, sure.”微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考“So, tell me one of your most interesting dreams.”The student would tell something

12、 wildly imaginative.Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“Thats pretty creative.Who does that for you？”“Nobody.I do it.”“Reallyat night, when youre asleep？”“Sure.”“Try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay？”微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考語篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。作者通過讓學生拼裝玩具發(fā)現(xiàn)并鼓勵學生

13、的創(chuàng)造性和想象力。1The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to_？Aknow more about the studentsBmake the lessons more excitingCraise the students interest in artDteach the students about toy design微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考解析細節(jié)理解題。文章開頭第一句“Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle,

14、 I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.”就點明了作者使用拼裝式玩具的目的。把“find out something about my students”換成“know more about the students”來考查，“換湯不換藥”，故選A項。答案A微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考2What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?AHe

15、 liked to help his teacher.BHe preferred to study alone.CHe was active in class.DHe was imaginative.解析推理判斷題。文章第三段用不同實例說明這個男孩具有豐富的想象力和創(chuàng)造性。和D項完全吻合。至于A、B、C三個選項的表述，本段未曾提及。答案D微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考3What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AMistake.BDrawback.CDif

16、ficulty. DBurden.解析猜測詞義題。由畫線單詞后“I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.”可推知(Encouraging this kind of thinking has a.)鼓勵這種思維方式的教育方法有“負面”或有“弊端”之意才符合此處上下文的意義。由四個選項的意義“錯誤、缺點、困難、負擔”可知，選B項。答案B微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考4Why did the teacher ask the students t

17、o talk about their dreams?ATo help them to see their creativity.BTo find out about their sleeping habits.CTo help them to improve their memory.DTo find out about their ways of thinking.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后七段中的對話內容可知，作者鼓勵孩子們說出最有趣的有創(chuàng)造性和想象力的夢，并鼓勵他們在白天、在課堂上運用這種想象力和創(chuàng)造性的思維方式。

18、其目的就是為了讓學生們看到自己的創(chuàng)造性和想象力。這也迎合了本文的主題。故選A項。答案A微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考B(2016新課標丙卷新課標丙卷)Bad news sells.If it bleeds, it leads.No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.But now that information is being spread

19、 and monitored(監(jiān)控監(jiān)控)in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules.By tracking peoples emails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考“The if it bleeds rule works for mass media，

20、” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania.“They want your eyeballs and dont care how youre feeling.But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react.You dont want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考Resear

21、chers analyzing wordofmouth communicationemails, Web posts and reviews, facetoface conversationsfound that it tended to be more positive than negative(消極的消極的), but that didnt necessarily mean people preferred positive news.Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more go

22、od things than bad things？To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a 微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考particular set of news stories：thousands of articles on The New York Times website.He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most emailed” list for six months.One of his f

23、irst findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than nonscience articles.He found that science amazed Times readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考Readers also tended to share articles th

24、at were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad.They needed to be aroused(激發(fā)激發(fā))one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad.The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger ex

25、plains in his new book, “Contagious：Why Things Catch On.”微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考 語篇解讀語篇解讀 這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了當這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了當今社會網(wǎng)絡信息傳播的特點。正能量信息的傳播戰(zhàn)勝了今社會網(wǎng)絡信息傳播的特點。正能量信息的傳播戰(zhàn)勝了不良信息的傳播。過去的不良信息的傳播。過去的“好事不出門，壞事傳千里好事不出門，壞事傳千里”的經典規(guī)則已悄然發(fā)生了變化。的經典規(guī)則已悄然發(fā)生了變化。5What do the classic rules mentioned in the

26、 text apply to?ANews reports. BResearch papers.CPrivate emails. DDaily conversations.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考解析細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.”可知，這些經典規(guī)則應用于晚間報道和晨報。晚間報道和晨報應歸屬于新聞報道。答案A微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考6What can

27、 we infer about people like Debbie Downer?ATheyre socially inactive.BTheyre good at telling stories.CTheyre inconsiderate of others.DTheyre careful with their words.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考解析推理判斷題。從第二段末尾可找到Debbie Downer在其上一句中“when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more

28、how they react.You dont want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”可知，當你和朋友分享一個故事時，你非常在意朋友的感受。你不會讓你的朋友認為你是一個“Debbie Downer”的人。由此可推知：Debbie Downer是不考慮/不在意別人的人。答案C微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考7Which tended to be the most emailed according to Dr. Bergers research?ASports news. BScience articl

29、es.CPersonal accounts. DFinancial reviews.解析細節(jié)理解題。文章第三段中Berger博士的研究表明“One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than nonscience articles.”由此可知答案選B。答案B微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考8What can be a suitable title for the text?ASad St

30、ories Travel Far and WideBOnline News Attracts More PeopleCReading Habits Change with the TimesDGood News Beats Bad on Social Networks解析主旨大意題。本文主要說明了當今社會信息傳播的價值取向。“positive, good, exciting, funny news or articles”傳播得快。這改變了過去“好事不出門，壞事傳千里”的經典規(guī)則。所以D項概括了文章的主題思想。答案D微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考簡單判

31、斷和推理題是歷年高考英語的命題集中點，簡單判斷和推理題是歷年高考英語的命題集中點，包括判斷和推理兩個方面，屬于深層理解題，一般難度包括判斷和推理兩個方面，屬于深層理解題，一般難度較高，得分率較低，其比例占較高，得分率較低，其比例占30%40%。從歷年的高。從歷年的高考閱讀理解來看，推理判斷題一般可以歸納為五大題型考閱讀理解來看，推理判斷題一般可以歸納為五大題型：細節(jié)推斷題、文章的來源或讀者對象推斷題、寫作意：細節(jié)推斷題、文章的來源或讀者對象推斷題、寫作意圖推斷題、態(tài)度傾向和評述性推斷題、預測推斷題。圖推斷題、態(tài)度傾向和評述性推斷題、預測推斷題。探考點探考點攻難點攻難點微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探

32、探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考針對不同的推理判斷題，考生在尋找線索時要使用針對不同的推理判斷題，考生在尋找線索時要使用不同的方法：不同的方法：1.做細節(jié)推斷題時，一定要注意準確把握做細節(jié)推斷題時，一定要注意準確把握文章字里行間的意思，特別要注意表達主觀態(tài)度和個人文章字里行間的意思，特別要注意表達主觀態(tài)度和個人觀點的詞語；觀點的詞語；2.推斷文章來源時，要抓住各段的段落大推斷文章來源時，要抓住各段的段落大意和文章的中心思想；意和文章的中心思想；3.推斷寫作意圖時，必須要先了推斷寫作意圖時，必須要先了解文章的主題，然后分析作者的論述方法、論述的重點解文章的主題，然后分析作者的論述方

33、法、論述的重點和材料的安排；和材料的安排；4.推斷觀點態(tài)度題，應特別注意文中的推斷觀點態(tài)度題，應特別注意文中的措辭，尤其是表達感情色彩的形容詞。措辭，尤其是表達感情色彩的形容詞。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考【設問角度設問角度】1細節(jié)推斷題細節(jié)推斷題細節(jié)推斷題的題干中主要包括以下詞語：細節(jié)推斷題的題干中主要包括以下詞語：know about, learn from, infer, imply, suggest, conclude等。等。常見的命題形式有：常見的命題形式有： It can be inferred from the passage/text

34、 that _.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考 It can be concluded from the passage that _. The author strongly suggests that_. The writer implies that_. The writer/author indicates/suggests that_. Which of the following statements does the passage support?微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考2文章來源或讀者對

35、象推斷題推測文章的來源或者推測讀者對象要求考生本身要具備一定的知識，這樣才能把文章的內容與自己已具備的常識結合起來作出準確推斷。常見的命題形式有：This passage would most likely be found in_.The passage is probably taken out of_.Where does this text probably come from?Where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考3寫作意圖推斷題寫作意圖

36、推斷題要求考生根據(jù)文章的論述，推測作者的寫作意圖。作者一般不直接陳述自己的意圖，而是通過文章所提供的事實，客觀地使讀者信服某種觀點。這種題型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同時還要具備對作者闡述問題的方法進行歸納總結和分析的能力。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考常見的命題形式有：常見的命題形式有： What is the authors purpose in writing the text? The purpose the text is to_. The writer of the story wants to tell us that _. The

37、writer talks about.in order to_. The author writes the last paragraph in order to_.微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考【選項特點選項特點】1最佳選項的特點最佳選項的特點(1)“立足原文，只推一步立足原文，只推一步”，即根據(jù)原文內容，即根據(jù)原文內容，一步即可推得。一步即可推得。(2)選項中一般不可以出現(xiàn)絕對概念，如選項中一般不可以出現(xiàn)絕對概念，如only, never, all, absolutely等，正確答案的表述一般有一點模糊，會等，正確答案的表述一般有一點模糊，會用一些

38、相對能夠留下一些余地的詞匯，如用一些相對能夠留下一些余地的詞匯，如often, usually, sometimes, some, may, might, can, could, possibly, probably等。等。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考2干擾選項的特點(1)原文信息的簡單重復，而非推斷出來的結論。 (考生易誤選)(2)推理過渡的片面結論。(3)與文中內容不符或完全相反的結論等。(4)符合考生已有常識，但文章中沒有信息支持。 (考生易誤選)微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考【解題策略解題策略】推理判

39、斷題屬于深層理解題，要注意以下幾個方面推理判斷題屬于深層理解題，要注意以下幾個方面的問題：的問題：(1)考生在閱讀時，要抓住文章的主題和細節(jié)，分考生在閱讀時，要抓住文章的主題和細節(jié)，分析文章結構，根據(jù)上下文內在聯(lián)系，挖掘文章的深層含析文章結構，根據(jù)上下文內在聯(lián)系，挖掘文章的深層含義。在進行推理時，考生一定要仔細閱讀短文，千萬不義。在進行推理時，考生一定要仔細閱讀短文，千萬不可脫離原文而僅憑個人的看法，主觀臆斷?？擅撾x原文而僅憑個人的看法，主觀臆斷。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考(2)對于暗含在文章中的人物的行為動機、事件的對于暗含在文章中的人物的行為動

40、機、事件的因果關系及作者未言明的傾向、意圖、態(tài)度、觀點等要因果關系及作者未言明的傾向、意圖、態(tài)度、觀點等要進行合乎邏輯的判斷、推理、分析，進一步增強理解能進行合乎邏輯的判斷、推理、分析，進一步增強理解能力，抓住材料實質性的東西。力，抓住材料實質性的東西。(3)在解答推理性問題時，應清楚所要解答的問題在解答推理性問題時，應清楚所要解答的問題是針對某個細節(jié)進行推斷，還是針對主題思想、作者的是針對某個細節(jié)進行推斷，還是針對主題思想、作者的意圖進行推斷。意圖進行推斷。微微課課練練隨隨堂堂清清探探考考點點攻攻難難點點做做真真題題悟悟高高考考(4)針對細節(jié)的推斷可運用針對細節(jié)的推斷可運用scanning方法，迅速在閱方法，迅速在閱讀材料中確定推理依據(jù)的位置或范圍，然后再進行推理讀材料中確定推理依據(jù)的位置或范圍，然后再進行推理判斷。針對主題思想作推斷時，其解題的主要依據(jù)是文判斷。針對主題思想作推斷時，其解題的主要依據(jù)是文章的主題思想，然后再分析句子之間的邏輯關系，區(qū)分章的主題思想，然后再分析句子之間的邏輯關系，區(qū)分觀點與例證、原因與結果、主觀點與次觀點。觀點與例證、原因與結果、主觀點與次觀點。