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1、UNIT 3 LANGUAGE IN USETranslate the phrases1) 將來將來 _2) 結(jié)果結(jié)果 _3）山地自行車運(yùn)動）山地自行車運(yùn)動 _4）出版）出版 _5）例如）例如 _ in the future as a resultmountain biking come out such as6) 試圖做某事試圖做某事_7) 整理整理 _8) 同同.一樣一樣_9) 空閑時(shí)間空閑時(shí)間 _10) 照顧照顧 _ try to do sth. tidy upas well as free timelook after1. 組成句子的成分叫句子成分。組成句子的成分叫句子成分。2. 在句

2、子中，詞與詞之間有一定的組合關(guān)系在句子中，詞與詞之間有一定的組合關(guān)系, 按按照不同的關(guān)系，可以把句子分為不同的組成照不同的關(guān)系，可以把句子分為不同的組成成分。成分。3. 句子成分由詞或詞組充當(dāng)。句子成分由詞或詞組充當(dāng)。 4. 英語的基本成分有六種：主語英語的基本成分有六種：主語(subject)、謂語、謂語(predicate)、表語、表語(predicative)、賓語、賓語(object)、定語定語(attribute)和狀語和狀語(adverbial)。句子成分句子成分 主語主語 1. 主語是一個(gè)句子的主題，也是句子的主語是一個(gè)句子的主題，也是句子的主體主體, 表示句子主要說明的人或事物

3、。表示句子主要說明的人或事物。 2. 它的位置一般在句首。它的位置一般在句首。 3. 一般由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或代一般由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或代詞的詞、短語或句子等充當(dāng)。詞的詞、短語或句子等充當(dāng)。 The meeting will begin at 9:00.(名詞名詞) We study in No. 1 Middle School.(代詞代詞) Smoking is bad for you.(動名詞動名詞)謂語謂語 1. 謂語是說明主語的動作或狀態(tài)。一般謂語是說明主語的動作或狀態(tài)。一般放在主語之后。放在主語之后。 2. 謂語一般是由動詞或連系動詞謂語一般是由動詞或連系動詞+表語表語擔(dān)

4、當(dāng)。擔(dān)當(dāng)。 3. 謂語必須和主語在謂語必須和主語在“人稱人稱”和和“數(shù)數(shù)”上保持一致。上保持一致。 We work hard.(動詞）動詞） Mike likes his new book. His parents are teachers.(連系動詞連系動詞+表表語語) She is reading.表語表語 1. 表語是表述主語的特征、狀態(tài)或身份表語是表述主語的特征、狀態(tài)或身份等。等。 2. 表語位于連系動詞之后，二者構(gòu)成系表語位于連系動詞之后，二者構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，即合成謂語表結(jié)構(gòu)，即合成謂語 3. 表語由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或表語由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞、短語或句子等充當(dāng)

5、。形容詞的詞、短語或句子等充當(dāng)。Her brother is a driver.(名詞名詞) Are you ready?(形容詞形容詞) We were at home last night.(介詞介詞短語短語) This book is mine, not yours.(代詞代詞) The film is exciting.(現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞)賓語賓語 1. 賓語表示動作、行為的對象。賓語表示動作、行為的對象。 2. 只有及物動詞可帶賓語，有些不及物只有及物動詞可帶賓語，有些不及物動詞加上介詞或副詞也可帶賓語。動詞加上介詞或副詞也可帶賓語。 3. 由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短由名詞、代

6、詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞、短語或句子擔(dān)當(dāng)。語或句子擔(dān)當(dāng)。 He often helps me. (代詞代詞) We study English at school. (名詞名詞) If you add 5 to 5, you get 10. (數(shù)詞數(shù)詞) Remember to buy some stamps. (動詞不動詞不定式定式) He likes making you laugh. (動名詞動名詞) He said, You are wrong.(句子句子) Do you understand what I mean? (從句從句)賓語補(bǔ)足語賓語補(bǔ)足語:位于賓語之后對賓語作出位于賓語之后對賓

7、語作出說明的成分。賓語與其補(bǔ)足語有邏輯上說明的成分。賓語與其補(bǔ)足語有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系的主謂關(guān)系, 它們一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。它們一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。1. 名詞名詞/代詞賓格代詞賓格 + 名詞：名詞： The war made him a soldier. 2. 名詞名詞/代詞賓格代詞賓格 + 形容詞：形容詞： Please keep the room clean.3. 名詞名詞/代詞賓格代詞賓格 + 介詞短語：介詞短語： I often find him at work.4. 名詞名詞/代詞賓格代詞賓格 + 動詞不定式：動詞不定式： The teacher ask the students to c

8、lose the windows.5. 名詞名詞/代詞賓格代詞賓格 + 分詞：分詞： I saw a cat running across the road.狀語狀語 狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句狀語修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句, 說明方式、因果、條件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、說明方式、因果、條件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、讓步、方向、程度、目的等。用作狀語讓步、方向、程度、目的等。用作狀語的通常是副詞。的通常是副詞。1)副詞副詞 (短語短語) 作狀語：作狀語： The boy needs a pen very much. (程程 度狀語度狀語) The boy, now, needs a pen.(時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀

9、語)2) 介詞短語作狀語：介詞短語作狀語： In the classroom, the boy needs a pen. (地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語) Before his mother, Tom is always a boy. (條件狀語條件狀語) On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom. (時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語) 3) 不定式作狀語不定式作狀語: The boy needs a pen to do his homework.(目的狀目的狀語語)4) 名詞作狀語名詞作狀語: Come this way! (方方向狀語向狀語)定語定語 1. 定語

10、是用來修飾名詞定語是用來修飾名詞; 代詞或句子的代詞或句子的成分成分2. 定語有前置定語定語有前置定語, 后置定語后置定語3. 充當(dāng)定語的詞有：形容詞充當(dāng)定語的詞有：形容詞;名詞名詞;代詞代詞;數(shù)詞數(shù)詞;名詞所有格名詞所有格.方位副詞方位副詞;不定不定式式;動詞的動詞的-ing形式形式;過去分詞過去分詞;從句從句等例如：等例如：Tom is a handsome boy. (形容詞作定形容詞作定語語 )His name is Tom. (代詞作定語代詞作定語)The boy in blue is Tom. (介詞短語作介詞短語作定語定語) There is nothing to do toda

11、y. (不定式不定式作定語作定語)英語五種基本句型列式如下英語五種基本句型列式如下:基本句型一基本句型一: (主謂）主謂） 基本句型二基本句型二: (主系表主系表)基本句型三基本句型三: (主謂賓主謂賓) 基本句型四基本句型四: O (主謂間賓直賓主謂間賓直賓) 基本句型五基本句型五: (主謂賓賓補(bǔ)主謂賓賓補(bǔ)) Complete Sentence b with the same meaning as a.a) I saw him. He was playing the violin.b) I saw him playing the violin.1. a) When I hear that s

12、ong, I feel happy. b) That music always makes _2. a) He found a wallet. The wallet was lying on the road. b) He found _.me happy.a wallet lying on the road3. a) When my mother has too much housework, I often help her. b) I often help _ _.4) a) Parents often say: “Children should be polite.” b) Paren

13、ts often ask _ my mother do houseworkchildren to be polite.1. I bought my mother a new book for her birthday.2. She showed me her stamp collection.3. I often watch sport on TV.4. Im a writer.5. I read a lot.Activity 16. My father wanted me to be a musician.7. I heard her sing.8. There are lots of fa

14、ns in the museum.9. Im playing the piano. 1. We can do many interesting things in life.2. John gave his father a very old book.3. He reads in the evening.4. John likes making things.5. Last year, he made a bicycle for his brother.Activity 26. Johns mother isnt interested in his hobby.7. Johns room i

15、snt clean.8. She feeds vegetables.9. Her hobbies can help her save money.1. Id like to learn another language, _ I want to travel around the world one day.2. The Harry Potter stories were very popular and _ more teenagers began to enjoy reading than ever before.because as a resultActivity 33. Jane i

16、s good at singing _ dancing.4. At our school you can try lots of new activities, _ creative writing and playing the piano.5. We made a delicious cake this morning. Now we need to _ the kitchen.as well assuch as tidy up6. I asked my parents to buy me a dog. I would _ it. 7. Shall we _ some time _ pla

17、ying table tennis on Saturday?8. I buy the magazines when they _each month. look afterspend income outActivity 7Listen and choose the best answer.1 Which hobby is the most popular with girls? a) playing chess b) singing and dancing c) playing football2 Which hobby is the most popular with boys? a) p

18、laying football b) playing computer games c) watching films3 Which hobby do boys and girls both enjoy? a) playing chess b) collecting things c) playing table tennis 4 Which hobby helps develop new skills? a) growing vegetables b) climbing c) collecting stamps 5 Which hobby helps other people? a) gro

19、wing vegetables b) collecting stamps c) playing chessTapescriptGirl: We have some interesting results from our survey on teenage hobbies.Boy: Whats the most popular hobby?Girl: Well, boys and girls have different hobbies. The girls like singing and dancing, but the boys prefer playing football, and

20、they like watching it, too.Boy: Oh, I see. Is there anything that boys and girls like doing?Girl: Yes, both girls and boys enjoy playing table tennis.Boy: Why do teenagers like their hobbies?Girl: They like to learn about new things, and to develop new skills. For example, collecting stamps, and pla

21、ying chess develops thinking skills.Boy: I see. My hobby is growing vegetables. Is that a popular hobby?Girl: Yes, it is. This hobby helps the whole family.Lets read!Now if you want to make a survey about others hobbies, what questions do you want to ask? Discuss in groups and try to make a question

22、naire. See activity 7 in Page 3, activity 4 in page 5 and activity 4 in page 7 for ideas.Make a questionnaire! Choose the best one!_Questionnaire show!Work in groups of four. Ask questions about the experiences.Module taskTask 1.TopicQuestionAnswer 1 Answer 2SportHave you ever swum in the sea?BookCo

23、untryFoodTechnologyTransportYes.Write a short passage about one of your fantastic experiences. You may choose one topic from the above discussion, such as sport, book/film, food, technology, etc. You should tell us WHAT, WHERE, WHEN, HOW, WHY and HOW you do it. You may begin like this:Task 2.I have had a fantastic experience. This afternoon, when I was on my way home, I saw a blind man (盲人盲人) waiting at the bus stop. I