《高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí) book 6 unit 17 Laughter課件 北師大版》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí) book 6 unit 17 Laughter課件 北師大版（78頁珍藏版）》請在裝配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、LaughterBook 6 Unit 17基礎(chǔ)知識排查重點短語突破句法與語法突破五年高考 最新模擬重點單詞突破1基礎(chǔ)知識排查基礎(chǔ)知識排查1.burst out laughing突然笑起來突然笑起來2.response n.回答回答3.cash a cheque兌現(xiàn)支票兌現(xiàn)支票 4.withdraw vt.提?。怀吠颂崛?；撤退5.clarify vt.澄清，講清楚澄清，講清楚 6.delay n.延誤，延期；延誤，延期；v.延誤延誤 重點識記詞匯7.wait in line排隊排隊 8.get rid of處理掉，擺脫處理掉，擺脫9.fool around胡鬧，瞎弄胡鬧，瞎弄 10.from

2、time to time不時地不時地11.result in導(dǎo)致，造成導(dǎo)致，造成 12.acknowledge vt.認(rèn)可，承認(rèn)認(rèn)可，承認(rèn)13.figure n.人物；人物；v.出現(xiàn)；考慮出現(xiàn)；考慮14.resist vt.抵抗，抵制抵抗，抵制 15.scold vt.罵，責(zé)罵罵，責(zé)罵 16.forbid vt.禁止，不準(zhǔn)禁止，不準(zhǔn)17.run into撞上撞上 18.put on假裝；穿上假裝；穿上(衣服衣服)；上演；放上；上演；放上19.turn sb.off令人討厭令人討厭 20.regardless of不管，不顧不管，不顧21.scared adj.驚恐的，擔(dān)驚受怕的驚恐的，擔(dān)驚受怕

3、的scare vt.使恐懼使恐懼22.desperate adj.不顧一切的不顧一切的 23.amuse vt.逗樂，使逗樂，使(某人某人)笑笑amusement n.愉快愉快 24.partly adv.部分地部分地25.politician n.政治家政治家politics n.政治政治political adj.政治的政治的 26.convince vt.使相信使相信27.agency n.代理處，經(jīng)銷處代理處，經(jīng)銷處agent n.代理人，經(jīng)銷商代理人，經(jīng)銷商 28.play around四處游戲四處游戲29.harmony n.協(xié)調(diào)，和諧協(xié)調(diào)，和諧harmonious adj.協(xié)調(diào)的

4、，和諧的協(xié)調(diào)的，和諧的30.pull faces做鬼臉做鬼臉31.astonish vt.使驚訝，使驚駭使驚訝，使驚駭astonishment n.驚訝驚訝 32.thanks to多虧；由于多虧；由于33.profession n.職業(yè)，專業(yè)職業(yè)，專業(yè)professional adj.職業(yè)的職業(yè)的34.messy adj.凌亂的，骯臟的凌亂的，骯臟的mess n.凌亂凌亂35.universal adj.通用的，普遍的；全世界的通用的，普遍的；全世界的universe n.宇宙宇宙36.starve vi.餓死，挨餓餓死，挨餓starvation n.饑餓饑餓37.forgetful adj

5、.健忘的健忘的forget v.忘記忘記forgettable adj.易忘的易忘的38.accomplish vt.取得取得(成功成功)，完成，完成(任務(wù)任務(wù))accomplished adj.完成的；熟練的；有才藝的完成的；熟練的；有才藝的accomplishment n.完成；成績完成；成績1.The first time you listen，try to get the general idea and circle possible options.你第一次聽的時候，盡量掌握大意并把可能的選項圈出來你第一次聽的時候，盡量掌握大意并把可能的選項圈出來。2.While still at

6、 primary school，Rowan had already shown admirable acting talent.還在上小學(xué)時，羅恩就已經(jīng)表現(xiàn)出令人贊嘆的表演天分。還在上小學(xué)時，羅恩就已經(jīng)表現(xiàn)出令人贊嘆的表演天分。 必背經(jīng)典句式3.Have you ever had trouble trying to spell a word? 你有沒有拼不出單詞的時候？你有沒有拼不出單詞的時候？4.Having scared the little beings，I began struggling to get loose and managed to break the strings th

7、at tied my left arm and slightly moved the strings that tied down my hair.嚇唬了那些小人后，我開始掙扎松開并設(shè)法擺脫了綁在左嚇唬了那些小人后，我開始掙扎松開并設(shè)法擺脫了綁在左胳膊上的繩子并順利地脫離了綁在頭發(fā)上的繩子。胳膊上的繩子并順利地脫離了綁在頭發(fā)上的繩子。5.And it was no wonder，for their doctors，by the Emperors order，had put a sleeping drug in with the wine.這就不足為奇了，因為他們的醫(yī)生按照皇帝的旨意這就不足為奇

8、了，因為他們的醫(yī)生按照皇帝的旨意在酒里放了安眠藥。在酒里放了安眠藥。-ance acquaintance /kweIntns/n.1.C&U熟悉熟悉；熟知；熟知2.C相識的人；熟人相識的人；熟人allowance /lans/n.C津貼；補貼；零用錢津貼；補貼；零用錢appearance /pIrns/n.1.多作不可數(shù)名詞多作不可數(shù)名詞出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)2.C&U外觀；外貌外觀；外貌assistance /sIstns/n.U幫助；協(xié)助；援助幫助；協(xié)助；援助 構(gòu)詞記憶2重點單詞突破重點單詞突破1response n.回答回答應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)作為高級詞匯替換作為高級詞匯替換replygive/make a qu

9、ick response to對對做出很快的反應(yīng)做出很快的反應(yīng)in response to對對做出反應(yīng)做出反應(yīng)in response作為回答，作為回應(yīng)作為回答，作為回應(yīng)respond vi.回答；回應(yīng)；做出反應(yīng)回答；回應(yīng)；做出反應(yīng)respond to響應(yīng)；回答響應(yīng)；回答The product was developed in response to customer demand.這種產(chǎn)品是為了滿足顧客的需要而開發(fā)的。這種產(chǎn)品是為了滿足顧客的需要而開發(fā)的。她有沒有回復(fù)你的信？她有沒有回復(fù)你的信？(翻譯句子翻譯句子)_ 夯實基礎(chǔ)Has she responded to your letter?2

10、 delay n.延期；延遲；延誤；延期；延遲；延誤；v.延延遲；延期；推遲遲；延期；推遲( (put off) )應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)后跟非謂語形式的考查后跟非謂語形式的考查多詞一義delay，put off，postponedelay doing sth.延遲做某事延遲做某事without delay立即；毫不耽擱立即；毫不耽擱Dont delay claiming or you may lose benefit.索賠從速，逾期利益可能受損。索賠從速，逾期利益可能受損。Report it to the police without delay.趕快將此事報告警方。趕快將此事報告警方。 夯實基礎(chǔ)同義句改

11、寫同義句改寫He delayed telling her the news，waiting for the right moment.He telling her the news，waiting for the right moment.(用同義短語替換用同義短語替換delay)put off3scared adj.驚恐的，擔(dān)驚受怕的驚恐的，擔(dān)驚受怕的be scared of害怕害怕( (be) ) scared to death嚇?biāo)懒?，嚇得要死嚇?biāo)懒?，嚇得要死be scared to do.不敢做不敢做scare vt.驚嚇，使恐慌；驚嚇，使恐慌；n.驚恐，驚嚇驚恐，驚嚇scare sb.

12、into/out of doing.恐嚇某人做恐嚇某人做/不做不做scare.away/off把把嚇跑嚇跑What makes me scared most is that Im going to end up not being married.最讓我擔(dān)心的是我會一輩子嫁不出去。最讓我擔(dān)心的是我會一輩子嫁不出去。We got a bit of scare.我們受了點驚嚇。我們受了點驚嚇。 夯實基礎(chǔ)語法填空語法填空(1)Some parents try to scare their children _ behaving well.(2)We lit fires to scare _ the

13、wolves.(3)Im certainly not scared _ him.intoaway/offof4 acknowledge vt.認(rèn)可，承認(rèn)認(rèn)可，承認(rèn)( (recognize) )；確認(rèn)；答謝；確認(rèn)；答謝( (express thanks) )；告知收；告知收悉悉應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)(1)后跟非謂語動詞的用法后跟非謂語動詞的用法(2)寫作高分句式：寫作高分句式：It is acknowledged that.(sb./sth.be acknowledged不定式不定式)acknowledge sb./sth.to be/as.認(rèn)為某人認(rèn)為某人/物是物是；承；承認(rèn)某人認(rèn)某人/物是物是acknow

14、ledge doing sth.承認(rèn)做某事承認(rèn)做某事It is universally acknowledged that.是大家公認(rèn)的是大家公認(rèn)的in acknowledgement of對對表示感謝表示感謝Naylor acknowledged，in a letter to the judge，that he was a drug addict.內(nèi)勒在給法官的信中承認(rèn)自己吸毒。內(nèi)勒在給法官的信中承認(rèn)自己吸毒。There is an acknowledged risk of lung cancer from radon.氡被認(rèn)為有誘發(fā)肺癌的危險。氡被認(rèn)為有誘發(fā)肺癌的危險。 夯實基礎(chǔ)(1)It

15、s universally acknowledged that he is the best player in the world._(改為簡單句改為簡單句)(2)It is a truth _(公公認(rèn)的認(rèn)的) that wealth doesnt necessarily mean happiness.He is universally acknowledged to be the best player in the world.which is universally acknowledged5 resist v.抵抗，抵制抵抗，抵制( (refuse to accept) )；抗拒；反

16、抗；抗拒；反抗( (fight back) )應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)后跟非謂語動詞的考查后跟非謂語動詞的考查25resist doing抵制做抵制做resist the temptation抵制誘惑抵制誘惑cant resist doing.忍不住做忍不住做be resistant to耐耐的；對的；對有抵抗力的有抵抗力的She cannot resist giving him advice.她忍不住給他提建議。她忍不住給他提建議。 夯實基礎(chǔ)語法填空語法填空(1)I couldnt resist (tell) him the secret.(2)He was unable to resist the (te

17、mpt) of taking the wallet.tellingtemptation6 forbid v.禁止；不準(zhǔn)禁止；不準(zhǔn)應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)后跟非謂語形式的考查后跟非謂語形式的考查28forbid doing sth.禁止做某事禁止做某事forbid sb.from doing.禁止某人做禁止某人做forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事禁止某人做某事Its forbidden to do sth.做某事是禁止的做某事是禁止的。Theyll forbid you to marry.他們不會準(zhǔn)許你結(jié)婚。他們不會準(zhǔn)許你結(jié)婚。She was shut away and forbidden

18、to read.她被關(guān)了起來，并且不允許看書。她被關(guān)了起來，并且不允許看書。 夯實基礎(chǔ)(1)語法填空語法填空Its forbidden _(marry) someone who is not a member of the same faith.The new law forbids _(smoke) in offices.He was forbidden _(smoke) here.(2)We are forbidden to play on the pasture belonging to him._ (用用It作主語改寫句子作主語改寫句子)to marrysmokingto smokeI

19、ts forbidden for us to play on the pasture belonging to him.7 astonish v.使驚訝，使驚奇；使驚駭使驚訝，使驚奇；使驚駭It astonishes sb.that.使某人吃驚的是使某人吃驚的是be astonished at/by.被被驚嚇；對驚嚇；對驚訝驚訝be astonished to do.做某事感到驚訝做某事感到驚訝in/with astonishment驚異地；吃驚地驚異地；吃驚地to ones astonishment令人吃驚的是令人吃驚的是It astonished me that she had chang

20、ed so little.她幾乎沒怎么改變，這讓我很驚訝。她幾乎沒怎么改變，這讓我很驚訝。I was astonished to see him here.在這兒見到他，我很驚訝。在這兒見到他，我很驚訝。 夯實基礎(chǔ)(1)It astonished us that he actually arrived punctually._(用用what引導(dǎo)主語從句改寫句子引導(dǎo)主語從句改寫句子)_(用用to ones astonishment改寫句子改寫句子)(2)He was so astonished at the result that he couldnt say a word._(用過去分詞短語作

21、狀語改用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫句子寫句子)What astonished us was that he actually arrived punctually.To our astonishment，he actually arrived punctually.Astonished at the result，he couldnt say a word.348 desperate adj.不顧一切的；不顧一切的； 拼命拼命的；絕望的的；絕望的be desperate for非常需要非常需要；渴望得到渴望得到be desperate to do sth.渴望做某事渴望做某事Desperate w

22、ith anxiety，Bob and Hans searched the whole house.焦急萬分的鮑勃和漢斯把整座房子找了個遍。焦急萬分的鮑勃和漢斯把整座房子找了個遍。He made a desperate attempt to attack a plane.他鋌而走險，企圖襲擊一架飛機。他鋌而走險，企圖襲擊一架飛機。 夯實基礎(chǔ)(1)Judging from what he said and did，we can conclude that he _(渴望得到渴望得到) fame.(2)After ten years of hard study，he _ _(渴望通過渴望通過) t

23、he college entrance examination.is desperate foris desperate topass9 convince vt.使確信；使相信；使信使確信；使相信；使信服服( (make sb.believe) )；說服，勸說；說服，勸說( (persuade；talk) )應(yīng)試指導(dǎo)“動詞動詞sb.of”類語境詞義辨類語境詞義辨析的考查析的考查convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事使某人相信某事convince sb.to do sth.說服某人做某事說服某人做某事be convinced of/that.相信相信convincing adj.令

24、人信服的令人信服的I soon convinced him of my innocence.很快便讓他相信我是清白的。很快便讓他相信我是清白的。He sounded very convincing.他的話聽起來很有說服力。他的話聽起來很有說服力。 夯實基礎(chǔ)用用convince的適當(dāng)形式填空的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)I of his guilt.(2)This last argument is the most to me.(3) of its truth，he felt pleased.(4) others of something is really a challenging task.am c

25、onvincedconvincingConvincedConvincing3重點短語突破重點短語突破1 get rid of去掉；除去；擺脫；處理掉去掉；除去；擺脫；處理掉rid.of使使擺脫或除去擺脫或除去be rid of去掉；除去去掉；除去rid oneself of除去除去The proposals are an attempt to rid the country of political corruption.這些提議試圖使這個國家擺脫政治腐敗。這些提議試圖使這個國家擺脫政治腐敗。 夯實基礎(chǔ)同義句改寫同義句改寫Why couldnt he rid himself of those

26、thoughts and worries?Why couldnt he those thoughts and worries?get rid of2 result in導(dǎo)致，造成導(dǎo)致，造成result from由由引起引起as a result結(jié)果結(jié)果( (as a consequence) )as a result of由于；作為由于；作為的結(jié)果的結(jié)果without result毫無結(jié)果地毫無結(jié)果地As a result，I have made steady progress in my studies.結(jié)果我在學(xué)習(xí)上穩(wěn)步上升。結(jié)果我在學(xué)習(xí)上穩(wěn)步上升。 (安徽安徽書面表達書面表達)The t

27、yphoon has resulted in thousands of deaths.臺風(fēng)已經(jīng)造成數(shù)千人死亡。臺風(fēng)已經(jīng)造成數(shù)千人死亡。圖解助記 夯實基礎(chǔ)His carelessness resulted in his death.(1) (用用his death作主語改寫句子作主語改寫句子)(2) (用用result作名作名詞改寫句子詞改寫句子)His death resulted from his carelessness.He died as a result of his carelessness.3 run into撞上撞上( (crash into) )；遭遇；遭遇( (experi

28、ence) )；偶然；偶然遇見遇見( (come across) )；達到；達到( (某種數(shù)量或水平某種數(shù)量或水平)( )(reach) )run across不期而遇，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)不期而遇，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)run after追求追求run away逃走；攜帶逃走；攜帶逃走逃走run at襲擊；沖向襲擊；沖向run down耗盡能量；撞倒耗盡能量；撞倒run over撞倒并碾軋撞倒并碾軋run through迅速傳遍；快速閱讀迅速傳遍；快速閱讀I ran across an old friend in the street.我在街上和一位老朋友不期而遇。我在街上和一位老朋友不期而遇。Mary likes

29、to run after every new fashion.瑪麗喜歡趕時髦?，旣愊矚g趕時髦。 夯實基礎(chǔ)寫出下列句子中寫出下列句子中run into的漢語意思的漢語意思(1)All the rainwater on the roof runs into the pipe._(2)He has run the car into the garage door again._(3)He ran a nail into the wall to hang his painting._(液體液體)流入流入使撞在使撞在上上把把打入打入(4)I was about to leave when I ran i

30、nto Mr.White._(5)They have run into trouble while designing the new machine. _ (6)These two rivers run into each other._偶然遇見偶然遇見遭遇，陷入遭遇，陷入混入，與混入，與合流合流4 regardless of不管；不顧不管；不顧多詞一義regardless of，despite，in spite ofas regards關(guān)于；至于關(guān)于；至于with/in regard to關(guān)于關(guān)于regard.as.把把當(dāng)作當(dāng)作regarding prep.關(guān)于關(guān)于Regardless o

31、f what happens my claim is safe and secure.不管會發(fā)生什么，我的主張都是安全的、保險的。不管會發(fā)生什么，我的主張都是安全的、保險的。 夯實基礎(chǔ)用用regard的適當(dāng)形式填空的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Davis had very little to say the accident.(2)As economic issues，he agreed with our views.(3)Our club is open to everyone of age，sex or educational background.regardingregardsregardles

32、s4句法與語法突破句法與語法突破1 Have you ever had trouble trying to spell a word？你有沒有拼不出單詞的時候？你有沒有拼不出單詞的時候？句型公式 have trouble/difficulty ( (in) ) doing.have difficulty/trouble ( (in) ) doing.做做有困難有困難( (麻煩麻煩) )have difficulty/trouble with sth.有困難有困難( (麻煩麻煩) )There is some/no difficulty/trouble ( (in) ) doing.做做時有一時

33、有一些些/沒有困難沒有困難( (麻煩麻煩) )do sth.with/without difficulty/trouble做做有有/沒有困難沒有困難( (麻煩麻煩) )take trouble to do.費力做費力做take the trouble to do sth.不怕費事不怕費事/不辭辛勞地做某事不辭辛勞地做某事I have some trouble with the work.我做這項工作有些困難。我做這項工作有些困難。57 夯實基礎(chǔ)(1)語法填空語法填空Sorry Im so late，but you cannot imagine _ great trouble I took to

34、 come here.(2)I had no trouble finding your home._(用用without短短語改寫句子語改寫句子)_(用用there be句型改寫句子句型改寫句子)I found your home without trouble/difficulty.whatThere was no trouble/difficulty (in) finding your home. 句型公式 find賓語賓語補足語賓語賓語補足語2 He makes an attempt to eat it，but it is clear from the look on his face

35、that he finds the taste truly disgusting.他試圖吃它，但從他臉上的表情可以清他試圖吃它，但從他臉上的表情可以清楚地看出這頓飯的口味真的很令人討厭。楚地看出這頓飯的口味真的很令人討厭。find后常跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即后常跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即find賓語賓語補賓語賓語補足語。賓語補足語可以由形容詞、副詞、介詞足語。賓語補足語可以由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等充當(dāng)；也可以形短語、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞等充當(dāng)；也可以形成成find it形容詞形容詞to do，其中，其中it為形式賓語為形式賓語，to do為真正的賓語，形容詞作賓語補足語。為真正的賓語，形容詞作賓

36、語補足語。Peter，who was usually shy，found himself talking to the girls.彼得通常很害羞，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不知不覺中已在跟女彼得通常很害羞，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不知不覺中已在跟女孩子們說話。孩子們說話。He hurried there，but found them all out.他匆忙趕到那里，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他們都出去了。他匆忙趕到那里，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他們都出去了。 夯實基礎(chǔ)語法填空語法填空(1)He found it difficult _ (work) out the problem.(2)He found his book _ (lie) open on th

37、e desk.(3)He opened the office and found much of his work _ (finish).(4)Did you find life _ (hardly) in the country?to worklyingfinishedhard3 單元語法單元語法語法填空語法填空.語法填空語法填空(1)At last the bus came.I (wait) for half an hour.(2)He gave up smoking last year.He (smoke) for twenty years.(3)When I first met her

38、，she (work) in the company for ten years.(4)Jane was annoyed.Peter (phone) her every night.had been waitinghad been smokinghad been workinghad been phoning.寫出第二句話，使它和前一句有相似的意義。括號內(nèi)的動寫出第二句話，使它和前一句有相似的意義。括號內(nèi)的動詞用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在進行時。詞用一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在進行時。(1)The car is our neighbors.(belong)_(2)Gemma is at the computer n

39、ow.(use)_(5)That was just the letter I (expect).had been expectingThe car belongs to our neighbor.Gemma is using the computer.(3)My journey to work is usually by train.(go)_(4)I can hear the telephone.(ring)_(5)There are nuts in this cake.(contain)_I usually go to work by train.The telephone is ring

40、ing.This cake contains nuts.5五年高考五年高考 最新模擬最新模擬.短文改錯 (2013浙江) Dear Diary， Here I am in the middle of a city,350 miles far away from our farmhouse.Do you want to know why we move last week？Dad lost his job，and as Mom explained，“He was lucky to find other one.” His new job meant 高考題組I had to say goodby

41、e to my classmate，my school or just everything else I love in the world.To make matters bad，now I have to share a room with my younger sister，Maggie.Tomorrow is first day of school.I am awfully tiring，but I know Ill never fall sleep. Good night and remember，you，dear diary，is my only souvenir from my

42、 past life and my only friend.Yours，Rosemary答案68.寫作常用句翻譯1.這幅圖畫使我相信做一個好女兒比做一個“好”學(xué)生重要得多。(convince) (2011江蘇書面表達)_The picture convinces me it is even more important to be a good daughter than a “good” student.2.作為回應(yīng)，母親蹲下表示她的幸福和感激。作為回應(yīng)，母親蹲下表示她的幸福和感激。(response) (2011江蘇江蘇書面表達書面表達)_3.結(jié)果我又累又沮喪。結(jié)果我又累又沮喪。(as a

43、 result) (2011湖北湖北短文寫作短文寫作)_In response，the mom kneels down to show how happy and thankful she feels.As a result，I was tired out and depressed. 模擬題組.語法填空1.We were astonished _ (find) the temple still in its original condition.2.Every few years，the coal workers have their lungs X-rayed _ (ensure) the

44、ir health.3.Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?No，I _ (do) my homework all day yesterday.to findto ensurewas doing4.He was in poor health，so the doctor forbade him _ _ (drink) wine.5.She was on a diet，but she couldnt resist _ (eat) sweet food.Consequently，her weight was gained again.6.Seeing the sc

45、aring flood，the woman doctor was scared _ (take) the small boat.todrinkeatingto take737.The number of miners _ (kill) in the accident _ (run) into dozens.8.Thank you for all the trouble youve taken _ (help) my daughter.9.They were forbidden _ (enter) the lab.10.A cook will be immediately fired if he

46、 is found _ (smoke) in the kitchen.killedrunsto helpto entersmoking.單句改錯1.I was feeling very well; not too proud, I hope, but in harmony to the time and place. _2.You should not delay see the doctor today._3.Terrorism is so scared that many tourists refuse to go there for sightseeing. _towithseeseei

47、ngscaredscaring4.The teacher has cautioned him not being late for several times so far. _5.In public places，smoking has forbidden. _6.He has been convinced the fact that this one is far from being true. _7.It is a thrilled and unforgettable experience. _notagainsthasisconvinced后加上后加上ofthrilledthrill

48、ing8.Were moving，so we have to get rid a lot of our furniture. _9.We will continue the race，regardless the weather._10.I felt something alive being moving on my left leg._rid后加上后加上ofregardless后加上后加上of去掉去掉being.寫作句式升級訓(xùn)練The best gift should be the one to which you devote the time and energy. (素材來源于2014重慶寫作二)_(用whatever引導(dǎo)的表語從句改寫句子)The best gift should be whatever you devote the time and energy to.