《導(dǎo)學(xué)教程高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法考點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)通（八）特殊句式和主謂一致課件》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《導(dǎo)學(xué)教程高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 語法考點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)通（八）特殊句式和主謂一致課件（21頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、專題八特殊句式及主謂一致專題八特殊句式及主謂一致一、倒裝句主語和謂語有兩種語序。主語在謂語之前稱為自然語序；反之，若謂語在主語之前，稱為倒裝語序。倒裝的形式有兩種：完全倒裝和部分倒裝。種類定義倒裝條件熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背完全倒裝整個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞提到主語前面(主語是代詞除外)here，there，then，up，down，in，out，off，away等副詞開頭的句子表示強(qiáng)調(diào)Look! There _(come) our teacher.Under the tree _(stand) two tables and four chairs.Present at the meeting _ (be) 1,0

2、00 students.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語作狀語位于句首強(qiáng)調(diào)表語，置于句首，或?yàn)楸３志渥悠胶鈉omes stand/stood were/are 種類定義倒裝條件熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背部分倒裝助動(dòng)詞，be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到主語前面，行為動(dòng)詞仍在主語的后面never，hardly，scarcely，seldom，little，not until，not等表示否定意義的副詞放于句首Hardly _ I know what had happened.Only then _ he realize the importance of English.Not only _ he know French，but

3、also he is expert at it.Neither _ I know it, nor _ I care about it.only和修飾的狀語放于句首not only.but also連接并列的句子，前倒后不倒neither.nor.連接并列的句子，前后都倒裝did did does do do 種類定義倒裝條件熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背部分倒裝助動(dòng)詞，be動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提到主語前面，行為動(dòng)詞仍在主語的后面so.that，such.that中的so或such及修飾的成分放于句首時(shí)前倒后不倒So busy _ he that he can not go on a holiday.Child _

4、 he is, he has learned a lot.He can play the piano, _can I._you be in good health!_I you, I would not do it in this way.as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語so，neither或nor表示前句內(nèi)容也適用于另外的人或事用于表示祝愿的祈使句中省略if的虛擬條件isassoMayWere二、強(qiáng)調(diào)指要突出句子中的某一部分，使其顯得更加重要。倒裝語序其實(shí)就是強(qiáng)調(diào)的手段之一，除此之外還可以用以下幾種方法來達(dá)到強(qiáng)調(diào)目的。情況說明熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背助動(dòng)詞do用do強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語動(dòng)詞_be careful!Do 情況說

5、明熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背句型表強(qiáng)調(diào)it強(qiáng)調(diào)句：(1)It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who句子其他成分。(2)It is/was not until.that句子其他成分。(3)特殊疑問句中的強(qiáng)調(diào)：特殊疑問詞is/wasitthat其他成分？(4)在名詞性從句中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式：特殊疑問詞itis/was that其他成分。_was at his office that we called on Mr.Wang this morning.It was not until he told me _ I knew it.What was it _ caused the party to be put o

6、ff?I do not know what _ was that he said at the meeting.What.be.，利用此句型，把被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分后移。這種結(jié)構(gòu)多用來強(qiáng)調(diào)主語和賓語。What I need most _ (be) your help.Itthatthatitis三、省略情況說明熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背動(dòng)詞不定式的省略保留不定式符號(hào)to，省略動(dòng)詞，以避免重復(fù)。Would you like to come to the party? Id like_.兩個(gè)(以上)不定式并列，第一個(gè)帶to，后面的to省略。Her job is _ (look) after the children

7、 and teach them everyday English.toto look情況說明熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背狀語從句的省略感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的不定式要省略to。在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中不能省略。在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式或讓步狀語從句中，如果主句、從句的主語一致，從句中謂詞動(dòng)詞又包含be或主語是it，常可以把從句中主語和謂語的一部分省略。His boss had Tom _(do) his work on Sundays.Look out for cars when _ (cross) the street. He wouldnt speak though _ (ask)do crossin

8、g asked 四、There be結(jié)構(gòu)形式用法熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背There be“某地(或某時(shí))存在有某人(或某物)，而并非某地(某人、某物或某時(shí))擁有什么東西”，其形式為“There be代詞或名詞(短語)地點(diǎn)/時(shí)間狀語”。(其實(shí)質(zhì)句式為倒裝句)這里there是引導(dǎo)詞，沒有詞義，be是謂語動(dòng)詞，代詞或名詞(短語)是主語。be要與主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致，如果是并列主語，要遵守鄰近原則。There _ (be) a desk and two chairs in the room.We expect there _ (be) no objections.There _ (be)a railway

9、station in the town is a great advantage.isto bebeing形式用法熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背there being主語作主語、賓語或狀語。 _ is someone at the door. I think it is the man to deliver the papers. _ is a fact that our income is increasing.there to be主語作主語、賓語或狀語。There is和It is的區(qū)別There is.指客觀存在，It is意為“這/那是”，可用來指代前面出現(xiàn)過的人或物，也可用作形式主語或強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。

10、ThereIt五、主謂一致.謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)應(yīng)用情景熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背(1)時(shí)間、距離、重量、價(jià)值、數(shù)目等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作整體看待時(shí)Serving students _ (be) my great happiness.Whether well go _ (depend) on the weather.More than one student _ (have) passed the examination.(2)不定式、動(dòng)名詞、句子作主語時(shí)(3)由“s”結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞作主語時(shí)(maths/physics/politics)(4)書、報(bào)、地名、組織以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)時(shí)(5)由and連接的并列主語表示同一概念或

11、同一人時(shí)isdependshas應(yīng)用情景熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背(6)some，any，no，every與thing，one，body等構(gòu)成不定代詞時(shí)Many a boy _ (learn) to swim before he can read.The number of the guests _ (be) much smaller than she had expected.(7)each/every/no/many a名詞單數(shù)andeach/every/no/many a名詞單數(shù)時(shí)(8)many a/more than one名詞單數(shù)時(shí)(9)each/every/neither/either/th

12、e whole名詞單數(shù)時(shí)(10)each/either/neither/oneof名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)learnswas應(yīng)用情景熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背(11)money/information/clothing/equipment/furniture/luggage/baggage等不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)Every boy and every girl _ (be) welcome to attend the contest.(12)主語為the number of 形式時(shí)(13)物質(zhì)名詞如glass/iron/paper/wood/water作主語時(shí)is.謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)用情景熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背(1)the姓氏復(fù)

13、數(shù)表示一家人時(shí)Cattle _ (allow) to graze here.The police _ (be) searching for a tall man with a beard.The blind _ (teach) trades in special schools.What I think and what I seek _ (have) been fairly reflected in my paper.(2)以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的表示群島、山脈、瀑布等專有名詞時(shí)(3)theadj.表示一類人時(shí)(the blind/deaf/poor/living/young/old/wounded

14、/rich/dead)(4)people/police/cattle/clothes/the English/the Americans/the Chinese等名詞作主語時(shí)(5)由and，both.and連接的兩部分名詞作主語時(shí)(指同一概念除外)were/are allowed are are taught have .謂語動(dòng)詞與前面名詞保持一致as well as/rather than/along with/together with/with/such as/like/unlike/but/except/besides/in addition to等連接兩部分名詞時(shí)My mother,

15、 as well as my father, _(have) a key to the office.The man together with his wife and children _ (sit) there watching TV right now.hasis sitting.謂語動(dòng)詞與最近的名詞一致(就近一致原則) (1)or/either.or/neither.nor/not only.but also/not.but連接兩部分名詞時(shí)Either you or he _ (be) not telling the truth.Not only the switches but a

16、lso the old wiring _ (have) been changed.(2)there be句式/here 開頭的句子ishas.視情況而定的類型應(yīng)用情景熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背(1)army/class/crew/family/team/enemy/group/party/government/audience/committee/company/crowd/staff等集合名詞作主語時(shí)，指整體用單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體用復(fù)數(shù)The majority of criminals _(be) nonviolent.There _(be) plenty of eggs in the box.Half o

17、f this building _(be)to be completed by spring.What the students in earthquakestricken areas want _(be) books.(2)分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)、half/all/some/a lot of/lots of/plenty of/the rest of/most of等后接名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；后接單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)；用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞areareisare應(yīng)用情景熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背(3)what/which/who/such等作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞看表語的單復(fù)數(shù)來確定All of the research w

18、ork _(be) designed by the chief engineer.None of this meat _ (be) fit to eat.Great quantities of milk _ (need) in this city.A large number of students _ (be) going to take parttime jobs during summer holidays.Twothirds of the people present _ (be) against the plan.(4)kind/sort/type of等位于名詞復(fù)數(shù)前時(shí)，看of 前

19、的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)判斷謂語(5)one of the復(fù)數(shù)名詞謂語單數(shù)one of the復(fù)數(shù)名詞(后跟定語從句謂語用復(fù)數(shù))the only one of the復(fù)數(shù)名詞(后跟定語從句謂語用單數(shù))wasisare neededarewere/are應(yīng)用情景熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背(6)population謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)由其前有無數(shù)詞決定(與數(shù)詞連用時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)，無數(shù)詞時(shí)用單數(shù))Seventy percent of the earth _ (cover) with water.The population of China _(be) over 13 million and eighty percent of the

20、 population _(be) peasants.I was the only one of the teachers who _ (have) got the chance to study abroad.(7)the number of名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語單數(shù)；a number of名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)(8)a large quantity of不可數(shù)謂語單數(shù)/名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)large quantities of不可數(shù)/名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)a large amount of不可數(shù)謂語單數(shù)large amounts of不可數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)is coveredisarehas應(yīng)用情景熱身訓(xùn)練先練后背(9)t

21、he majority/minority謂語單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)a majority/minority of名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語復(fù)數(shù)He is one of the men who _ (be) chosen to represent the group.Chopsticks _ (be) very common at the Chinese tables.Every means _ (have) been tried but failed.(10)none of名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)none of不可數(shù)名詞謂語單數(shù)(11)glasses/shoes/trousers/stockings/socks/gloves/chopsticks/scissors等，成雙成對(duì)的名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，但是有pair修飾時(shí)，由pair的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定(12)deer/sheep/means/species/fish/works/Chinese/Japanese等，單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語看表語形式或看語境arearehas