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1、專題一專題一聽力理解聽力理解1.聽力測(cè)試突出考查辨音能力、語(yǔ)句聽力理解能力及對(duì)口語(yǔ)功能項(xiàng)目的掌握。聽力理解是領(lǐng)會(huì)語(yǔ)意的一項(xiàng)重要能力。聽者要對(duì)聽到的語(yǔ)音信息進(jìn)行加工,整個(gè)過(guò)程是一個(gè)積極、活躍的動(dòng)態(tài)過(guò)程;是背景知識(shí)、語(yǔ)境和語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的相互撞擊、相互作用的過(guò)程;也是對(duì)聽力材料不斷進(jìn)行吸收、最終形成理解的過(guò)程。2.中考對(duì)聽力理解的考查重點(diǎn)是:(1)日常交際用語(yǔ);(2)對(duì)話的具體內(nèi)容:人物、事件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、數(shù)字、原因等;(3)對(duì)話的背景:對(duì)話發(fā)生的情境、場(chǎng)所、說(shuō)話人的身份、關(guān)系,以及對(duì)話人的態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等;(4)針對(duì)聽力短文,綜合分析材料中的信息得出結(jié)論,并根據(jù)聽力材料進(jìn)行分析、推理、判斷。3.考查的形式

2、主要包括:句子理解題,短對(duì)話理解題,長(zhǎng)對(duì)話理解題,短文理解題。題型1題型2題型3題型1句子理解題句子理解是天津市英語(yǔ)中考聽力的常見(jiàn)題型,所聽句子的真實(shí)性、交際性、時(shí)代性越來(lái)越強(qiáng),考查角度更加強(qiáng)調(diào)捕捉信息能力、整體理解和應(yīng)答能力,考查形式也越來(lái)越豐富和靈活。常見(jiàn)的命題形式包括:看圖聽句子,選擇與你所聽句子內(nèi)容相符的圖片。圖片選擇題信息豐富,主要考查學(xué)生理解事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)和圖文轉(zhuǎn)換的能力。聽力材料中的句子一般分成兩種:一是直接描述畫面,另一種是畫面中的人、物或與畫面相關(guān)的內(nèi)容在句子中被提及。此類題目的關(guān)鍵是仔細(xì)看清圖片內(nèi)容,找出圖片間的區(qū)別,根據(jù)圖片的提示和句子的關(guān)鍵詞,得出正確答案。題型1題型2題型3

3、典例1(2014貴州銅仁)聽五個(gè)句子,選擇與所聽內(nèi)容相符的圖片,每個(gè)句子讀兩遍。 題型1題型2題型3聽力原文:1.The music sounds beautiful.2.Li Lei has a cold,so he has to stay in bed.3.Its a good season to fly kites in spring.4.China is famous for tea.5.Beijing Opera is very popular with old people.答案與解析:1.C由句中的關(guān)鍵詞music可知答案為C項(xiàng)。2.E由句中關(guān)鍵詞stay in bed,可知答案

4、為E項(xiàng)。3.D由句中的關(guān)鍵詞fly kites可知答案為D項(xiàng)。4.B由句中的關(guān)鍵詞tea可知答案為B項(xiàng)。5.A由句中的關(guān)鍵詞Beijing Opera可知答案為A項(xiàng)。題型1題型2題型3典例1(2014山東煙臺(tái))聽錄音,選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鹫Z(yǔ)。錄音內(nèi)容讀兩遍。1.A.Its Sunday.B.Its June 14.C.Its cloudy.2.A.Sorry,I dont have any.B.Yes,they are.C.No,there arent.3.A.I used to be shy.B.I liked basketball.C.Im taller.4.A.Hes medium build.

5、B.Hes a doctor.C.Hes forty.題型1題型2題型3聽力原文:1.What day is it today?2.Are there any apples on the tree?3.What were you like when you were a little child?4.My father is an engineer.What about yours?答案與解析:1.A由問(wèn)句“What day is it today?”詢問(wèn)的是“今天星期幾?”可知答案為A項(xiàng)。2.C由問(wèn)句“Are there any apples on the tree?”是there be結(jié)構(gòu)

6、,可知作答時(shí)也用there be結(jié)構(gòu)。3.A由問(wèn)句“What were you like when you were a little child?”“當(dāng)你是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候你什么樣?”可知答案。4.B由問(wèn)句“My father is an engineer.What about yours?”可知詢問(wèn)是對(duì)方的職業(yè),故選B項(xiàng)。題型1題型2題型3題型2對(duì)話理解題對(duì)話理解題是天津市英語(yǔ)中考聽力的必考題型。該題型內(nèi)容廣泛,主要涉及日常生活、文化教育、交通旅行等話題,但是問(wèn)題的設(shè)置基本固定,主要集中在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物(身份)、活動(dòng)內(nèi)容、出行方式、天氣狀況、數(shù)字、意愿、比較、原因判斷等方面。對(duì)話理解主要分為

7、短對(duì)話理解和長(zhǎng)對(duì)話理解兩種。要做好這兩種題型需要注意以下幾個(gè)方面。題型1題型2題型3(一)短對(duì)話理解簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話的形式通常是一問(wèn)一答,第一個(gè)說(shuō)話者一般提出一個(gè)問(wèn)題,由第二個(gè)說(shuō)話者進(jìn)行回答。所以對(duì)話中第二個(gè)說(shuō)話者所講的內(nèi)容往往是對(duì)話的關(guān)鍵和結(jié)論所在,是提問(wèn)的焦點(diǎn)。它通常只設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)問(wèn)題,內(nèi)容涉及時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、態(tài)度、反應(yīng)、原因、結(jié)果、身份、職業(yè)、數(shù)字、計(jì)算等。答題時(shí)要注意以下方法技巧:1.聽前預(yù)覽選項(xiàng),了解一定的信息,并預(yù)測(cè)話題及內(nèi)容。2.在聽的時(shí)候我們要注意抓住各小題有關(guān)地點(diǎn)、人名、時(shí)間或數(shù)字的變化、職業(yè)、對(duì)話人關(guān)系等關(guān)鍵信息。3.還要抓住關(guān)鍵詞,如表示句意轉(zhuǎn)折的but以及表示否定的not、no、

8、nothing等。在聽的過(guò)程中根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容采用排除、推理、辨別等方法來(lái)判斷正確答案。聽力原文:聽第一段對(duì)話,完成第1小題。M:Mary,dont watch TV too long.Turn it off and go to bed.W:All right.Ill do it right now.題型1題型2題型3典例2(2014福州中考)聽下面四段對(duì)話,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。聽第一段對(duì)話,完成第1小題。1.What is the girl doing?A.Shes sleeping.B.Shes watching TV.C.Shes listening

9、 to music. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉由句子“Mary,dont watch TV too long.”可知瑪麗正在看電視。 答案解析關(guān)閉B 聽力原文:聽第二段對(duì)話,完成第2小題。W:Jack,why do you come back so late?M:Mum,my bike was broken on the way and I had to walk home.題型1題型2題型3聽第二段對(duì)話,完成第2小題。2.What is the relationship between the two speakers?A.Mother and son.B.Husband and wife.C.Bo

10、ss and worker. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉由答語(yǔ)中的“Mum,my bike was broken on the way.”可知對(duì)話雙方是母子關(guān)系。 答案解析關(guān)閉A 題型1題型2題型3聽第三段對(duì)話,完成第3小題。3.How long did it take Alice to finish the exam?A.Half an hour.B.An hour.C.Two hours.聽力原文:聽第三段對(duì)話,完成第3小題。M:Alice,how long did the math exam last yesterday?W:We were given two hours,but I spent

11、just half the time.It was so easy. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉由答語(yǔ)中的句子“We were given two hours,but I spent just half the time.”可知艾麗斯用了的一小時(shí),故選B項(xiàng)。 答案解析關(guān)閉B 題型1題型2題型3聽第四段對(duì)話,完成第4小題。4.Why hasnt Lily handed in her homework?A.She cant find it.B.She hasnt finished it.C.She left it at home.聽力原文:聽第四段對(duì)話,完成第4小題。M:Lily,you havent ha

12、nded in your homework yet.W:Sorry,Mr Li,I finished it on time but I cant find it at the moment. 答案解析解析關(guān)閉由句子中的“.I cant find it at the moment.”可知答案。 答案解析關(guān)閉A題型1題型2題型3題型1題型2題型3題型1題型2題型3題型1題型2題型3 (二)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話理解中考中的較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,也叫段落型對(duì)話,此對(duì)話長(zhǎng)度是簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話的數(shù)量疊加。就內(nèi)容而言,較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話具有相對(duì)完整的故事性,可考查的信息點(diǎn)較多。就設(shè)題數(shù)量來(lái)說(shuō),通常為3個(gè)。由于較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的每個(gè)問(wèn)題之間并不存在內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)

13、系,其問(wèn)題通常是設(shè)點(diǎn)而問(wèn),所以就設(shè)題數(shù)量與考點(diǎn)來(lái)說(shuō),較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話也是簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話的疊加。因此做好簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話是做好較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的基礎(chǔ)。無(wú)論較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話還是簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話,其基本考點(diǎn)均涉及時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、身份或職業(yè)、觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)度、原因或結(jié)果、數(shù)字或價(jià)格計(jì)算等方面,唯一不同的是,較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話的設(shè)題有時(shí)會(huì)涉及對(duì)整體語(yǔ)段的理解或把握。典例3聽兩段長(zhǎng)對(duì)話,選擇正確答案。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。聽第一段對(duì)話,回答1至3小題。1.What are they talking about?A.Jims school.B.Jims trouble.C.Jims lunch.2.Where are they talking?A.At the docto

14、rs.B.At Jims school.C.At the teachers office.3.Whats the matter with Jim?A.Hes OK.B.Hes got a fever.C.Hes got a cold.題型1題型2題型3題型1題型2題型3聽力原文:聽第一段對(duì)話,回答1至3小題。W:Good morning,doctor.M:Good morning,Mrs.Brown.Well,whats wrong with this young man?W:Hes my son,Jim.Hes got a headache.M:Have you taken his temp

15、erature?W:Yes,his temperature seems to be OK.M:How long has he been like this?W:Ever since last night.M:Has he had anything to eat this morning?題型1題型2題型3W:Yes,he had a little milk and an egg.M:Well,I think hes caught a cold.W:Is there anything serious?M:No,nothing serious,but hed better stay at home

16、 and have a good rest.W:Thank you very much.答案與解析:1.B由對(duì)話內(nèi)容可知對(duì)話談?wù)摰氖羌返牟∏椤?.A由“Good morning,doctor.”可知談話的地點(diǎn)是在醫(yī)生的診所。3.C由句子“Well,I think hes caught a cold.”可知醫(yī)生認(rèn)為吉姆患了感冒。題型1題型2題型3聽第二段對(duì)話,回答4至6小題。4.What is the woman looking for?A.A police station.B.A bank.C.A shoe shop.5.How can the woman get to the shoe s

17、hop?A.Go down the street and take the fourth turning on the left.B.Go down the street and take the fourth turning on the right.C.Go down the street and take the second turning on the left.6.Which of these is TRUE?A.The shoe shop opens at 6:30 in the morning.B.The man doesnt remember the name of the

18、bank.C.The woman knows the city very well.題型1題型2題型3聽力原文:聽第二段對(duì)話,回答4至6小題。W:Excuse me.Could you tell me where the nearest shoe shop is?Im new in this city.M:Theres one not far from here.Go down the street and turn left at the fourth crossing.Its next to the bank.W:Well,do you know its name?M:Im sorry.I

19、 cant remember the name of the bank.Its on the left of the police station.You cant miss it.W:By the way,when does the shop close in the afternoon?M:Half past six.Time is enough for you to get there.題型1題型2題型3答案與解析:4.C由句子“Could you tell me where the nearest shoe shop is?”可知這位女士在尋找鞋店。5.A由對(duì)話中的句子“Go down

20、 the street and turn left at the fourth crossing.”可知答案。6.B由句子“I cant remember the name of the bank.”可知B項(xiàng)正確。題型1題型2題型3題型1題型2題型32.Where is the bank?A.Its next to the restaurant.B.Its next to the hospital.C.Its behind the hospital.答案:B題型1題型2題型33.How far is the bank from here?A.About 30 minutes walk.B.Ab

21、out 13 minutes walk.C.About 30 minutes ride.答案:A題型1題型2題型3聽第2段對(duì)話,回答46題。W:Its raining again,John!I really wanted to go skating today!M:Oh,well.Hey,have you ever been to the Great Wall,Tina?W:Yes,I went there last year.Have you ever been there?M:No,I havent.W:Well,Id really like to go there again.M:Gre

22、at.Which bus do we take to get to the Great Wall?W:We can take No.657 bus.The station is near our school.題型1題型2題型34.Whats the weather like today?A.Its sunny.B.Its raining.C.Its cloudy.答案:B5.Where has Tina been?A.The Summer Palace.B.The space museum.C.The Great Wall.答案:C6.Is the bus station near thei

23、r school?A.Yes,it is.B.No,it isnt.C.Sorry,I dont know.答案:A題型1題型2題型3聽第3段對(duì)話,回答79題。W:Hi,David.I think youre fat.M:Im too busy to take any exercise.W:Thats just an excuse.You can always find some time to exercise.M:But I work hard all day for long hours.I often have no time for lunch.W:I think not eatin

24、g meals cant help you lose weight.Instead,you will eat more in the evening.M:I know youre right,but what can I do?W:How about going for a walk instead of watching TV on the sofa every evening?M:But its too boring.W:Why not take an MP4 with you?You can enjoy the music and get healthy at the same time

25、.M:Thats a good idea.題型1題型2題型37.David takes some exercise every day,doesnt he?A.No,he doesnt.B.Yes,he does.C.No,he does.答案:A8.What do we know about David?A.He never eats lunch at noon.B.He is busy but always does exercise.C.He works all day for long hours.答案:C題型1題型2題型39.What does the woman suggest i

26、n the end?A.Eating less food.B.Not giving up watching TV.C.Enjoying music while taking a walk.答案:C題型1題型2題型3題型3短文理解題 短文理解題是中考聽力試題中難度最大、最固定的聽力題型之一。此題型是根據(jù)所聽到的短文內(nèi)容,選擇正確的答案回答短文后所提出的問(wèn)題,所提供的選項(xiàng)一般為三個(gè)。答題時(shí)要注意以下方法技巧:1.在聽短文之前,一定要抓緊時(shí)間細(xì)讀所給的問(wèn)題及選項(xiàng),并根據(jù)選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容,對(duì)短文的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)(包括對(duì)問(wèn)題中問(wèn)句的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行推理),提前了解短文中可能出現(xiàn)的單詞、詞組或句子。只有這樣,在聽短文時(shí)才

27、能有目的、有選擇地作出正確的判斷。題型1題型2題型32.在聽的過(guò)程中,一定要注意并簡(jiǎn)略地記下五個(gè)“W”和一個(gè)“H”(What,When,Who,Why,Where,How),這有助于理解文章內(nèi)容。3.聽第一遍錄音時(shí),要仔細(xì)將全文聽完。聽第二遍時(shí),要有針對(duì)性地做些記錄,利用中間停頓時(shí)間將問(wèn)題逐一解答。4.最后,聽完短文再進(jìn)行歸納、綜合、判斷,就可以順利整理出相關(guān)信息,從而確定正確答案。題型1題型2題型3典例4根據(jù)你所聽到的短文內(nèi)容,從A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出正確答案。短文聽兩遍。1.Which place do Tommy and Jacky often walk to and from?A.T

28、he same room.B.The same office.C.The same class.2.When did it start to rain?A.When they were walking home.B.When they were walking to work.C.When they were in the office.3.Who quickly took out the umbrella?A.Both of them.B.Jacky.C.Tommy.題型1題型2題型34.Why didnt Jacky carry his umbrella?A.Because he didn

29、t want to carry it.B.Because his wife didnt let him carry it.C.Because he forgot to carry it.5.How did Jacky and Tommy feel about their wives?A.Proud.B.Funny.C.Bored.題型1題型2題型3聽力原文:Tommy and Jacky are next door neighbors and they work in the same office,so they often walk together to and from the off

30、ice.One afternoon,they were walking home together when it started to rain.Tommy quickly took out his umbrella from his handbag,opened it and said proudly,“My wife is really great.She can tell the future.This morning she said it would rain and told me to carry my umbrella with me.” Jacky smiled and w

31、alked close to him,and went under Tommys umbrella.Jacky said to Tommy even more proudly,“My wife is even greater than your wife in telling the future.She didnt let me carry my umbrella and told me to use yours.”題型1題型2題型3答案與解析:1.B由句子“Tommy and Jacky are next door neighbors and they work in the same o

32、ffice,so they often walk together to and from the office.”可知答案。2.A由句子“One afternoon,they were walking home together when it started to rain.”可知答案。3.C由句子“Tommy quickly took out his umbrella from his handbag.”可知答案。4.B由句子“She didnt let me carry my umbrella and told me to use yours.” 可知答案。5.A由句子“Tommy q

33、uickly took out his umbrella from his handbag,opened it and said proudly.”和“Jacky said to Tommy even more proudly,.”可知答案。題型1題型2題型3This weekend why not visit Park Farm,in the lovely village of New Hampton,for a day in the country! Come and see the farm animals;Go for a walk across the fields.Afterwar

34、ds,you can look around the Gift Shop or have a drink in the Black Cat Tea Room.From the Tea Room,you can watch your children playing outside.Park Farm is open every day from half past ten in the morning to five oclock in the evening.An adult ticket costs six pounds and children between three and six

35、teen pay four pounds.But you can save money with a family ticket which costs fifteen pounds.To find Park Farm,follow the signs in the village.The farm is very near to the river.We look forward to seeing you soon at Park Farm!題型1題型2題型3(1)Where can people watch their children playing? A.In the fields.

36、B.In the Gift Shop.C.In the Tea Room.答案:C(2)What time does Park Farm open? A.At 9:30.B.At 10:30.C.At 11:30.答案:B(3)How much does a family ticket cost? A.15. B.6. C.4.答案:A題型1題型2題型3(4)What do we know about Park Farm? A.Its open only at weekend.B.Its very difficult to find.C.Its near the river.答案:C題型1題型

37、2題型32.聽短文,選擇正確答案。短文讀兩遍。This is a message for Marco Dennis.My names David Toby.Im sorry I missed your call.I understand that you want some information about the basketball club.The club meets once a week on Wednesday evening.There are sometimes matches on Sunday morning,but those are just for our tea

38、m players.Our meetings begin at eight,and finish at ten.We meet in the hall in Park Lane.The hall doesnt have very good heating,so you need to bring a sweater to put on.Its also quite expensive to rent,so our players pay $12 each week.I hope this answers all your questions and well be very pleased t

39、o see you at our next meeting!題型1題型2題型3(1)Whats the passage mainly about?A.Some team players.B.A sports TV program.C.A basketball club.答案:C(2)How often do the club members meet?A.Once a week.B.Twice a week.C.Three times a week.答案:A題型1題型2題型3(3)When are there sometimes matches for the team players?A.On Wednesday afternoon.B.On Sunday morning.C.On Friday evening.答案:B(4)What should the player take to the hall?A.A sweater.B.A map.C.A watch.答案:A(5)How much do the players spend on rent each week?A.$15.B.$12. C.$5.答案:B