汽車車輪輪胎側(cè)滑檢測臺設(shè)計(jì),汽車,車輪,輪胎,檢測,設(shè)計(jì) 黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 隨著我國交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)的迅猛發(fā)展，汽車的增多，汽車的使用越來越普遍。汽車在高速行駛時，其穩(wěn)定性受前輪定位參數(shù)影響較大，其中，以車輪外傾和前束兩參數(shù)的影響為最大。當(dāng)車輪前束值和車輪外傾角配合不當(dāng)時，會引起車輪承受側(cè)向力而產(chǎn)生側(cè)向滑移現(xiàn)象，這將破壞車輪的附著條件，喪失定向行駛的能力，引發(fā)交通事故并導(dǎo)致輪胎的異常磨損。 在汽車行駛時前輪側(cè)滑量直接反映了前輪定位參數(shù)調(diào)整的準(zhǔn)確與否，汽車側(cè)滑檢測臺用來檢查車輪側(cè)滑量的大小與方向，從而確認(rèn)車輪前束與車輪外傾角的配合是否恰當(dāng)。汽車前輪通過側(cè)滑臺滑板時，由于滑板的側(cè)向移動僅受滑板與支撐滾輪間的摩擦力和滑板的回位彈簧拉力的約束，同時輪胎與滑板間有足夠的側(cè)向位移。這樣，在前束和外傾的綜合作用下，若前輪的自由滾動方向偏離實(shí)際行駛方向，只要所產(chǎn)生的側(cè)向力大于滑板與滾輪間摩擦力和彈簧彈性恢復(fù)力之和，前輪向前滾動的同時便會帶動滑板側(cè)滑。這設(shè)計(jì)包括側(cè)滑板，鋼板，直線位移傳感器，鋼槽，導(dǎo)軌，底座等等。 關(guān)鍵詞：汽車；側(cè)滑；檢測；位移傳感器；；導(dǎo)軌 ABSTRACT With rapidly developing of traffic and transport as well as rising of vehicles in our country, The number of double-front-axle steering automobile is also increasing. When the car is driving at high speed, its stability is deeply effected by front wheel alignment parameters. Among them, the toe-in value and camber value have the largest effection. When the toe-in value cann’t match the camber angle, it will induce the wheel supporting side direction force, consequently come into being slid phenomenon. It’ll induce traffic accidents and cause tires’ abnormal wearing. During the automobile’s driving period, front-wheel slid value impact directly to the correction or not of front wheel alignment parameters adjustment. Car slid tester is used to check the amount and direction of wheels’ slid value. To ensure the correct matching between wheel toe-in and wheel camber angle. Auto front through the sideslip tester, because the board by moving subject only to the skateboard wheel and support the friction between the return of spring tension and skateboard, while the constraints between tires and skateboarding has enough lateral displacement. So, before the comprehensive function outward exert bundles and, if the freedom front wheel rolling direction deviating from the practice driving direction, as long as the lateral force generated more than skateboard and roller of friction and spring between elastic restoring force, the sum of the front wheel rolling forward while will drive skateboarding lateral spreads. This designation introduces Side skateboard steel Linear displacement sensor Steel racks guide base and so on. Key words: Automobile; Slid;Moritering;Ddisplacement sensor;Gui II 目 錄 摘要 I ABSTRACT II 第1章 緒 論 1 1.1 課題的提出 1 1.2 國內(nèi)外相關(guān)技術(shù)的現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展方向 1 1.3 課題的主要研究內(nèi)容及技術(shù)途徑 2 第2章 側(cè)滑檢測臺總體方案的論證 5 2.1 側(cè)滑的基礎(chǔ)知識 5 2.1.1 側(cè)滑的產(chǎn)生原因 5 2.1.2 正前束引起正側(cè)滑，正外傾引起負(fù)側(cè)滑 5 2.1.3 影響側(cè)滑量的因素 6 2.1.4 汽車前輪側(cè)滑量對汽車使用性能的影響 6 2.2 側(cè)滑試驗(yàn)臺的結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理 7 2.2.1 側(cè)滑試驗(yàn)臺設(shè)計(jì)方案的確定 7 2.2.2 單板式側(cè)滑臺的工作原理 8 2．3本章小結(jié) 10 第3章 側(cè)滑檢測臺設(shè)計(jì)說明 12 3.1 側(cè)滑檢測臺機(jī)械系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)說明 12 3.1.1總體尺寸的確定 12 3.1.2材料的選擇 13 3.1.3側(cè)滑板機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) 13 3.1.4側(cè)滑檢測臺及各零件尺寸 15 3.2 側(cè)滑檢測臺控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)說明 16 3.2.1 硬件系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理 16 3.2.2傳感器的選擇及其信號處理電路設(shè)計(jì) 16 3.3 本章小結(jié) 18 第4章 側(cè)滑檢測臺的技術(shù)要求 19 4.1 側(cè)滑檢測臺的使用方法 19 4.1.1 檢測前的準(zhǔn)備 19 4.1.2檢測步驟 19 4.1.3 檢測時的注意事項(xiàng) 19 4.2 側(cè)滑臺的維護(hù) 20 4.3側(cè)滑檢測臺的檢定和調(diào)整 20 4.3.1側(cè)滑檢測臺的檢定 20 4.3.2 側(cè)滑檢測臺的調(diào)整 20 4.4本章小結(jié) 23 結(jié) 論 24 參考文獻(xiàn) 25 致 謝 26 附 錄 27 附 錄 28