《（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題二 閱讀理解 第四節(jié) 主旨大意題 一 標(biāo)題歸納題學(xué)案 新人教版》由會員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題二 閱讀理解 第四節(jié) 主旨大意題 一 標(biāo)題歸納題學(xué)案 新人教版（18頁珍藏版）》請?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、一、標(biāo)題歸納題 (2018·11月浙江，C) Istarteverysummerwiththebestofintentions：toattackonebigbookfromthepast，aclassicthatIwassupposedtohavereadwhenyoungandambitious.Oftenthepairingsofbooksandsettingshavebeenpurelyaccidental：MobyDickonathree-daycross-countrytraintrip；TheMagicMountaininaNewEnglandbeachsidecottag

2、ewithnolocksonthedoors，notelephonesortelevisionsintherooms，andlittletodobeyondrowonthesaltpond.AttemptingTheManWithoutQualitiesonareturntoHawaii，mynativestate，however，waslessfruitful: Imadeitthroughoneandaquartervolumes (冊)，thendecidedthatI’dgotthepointandwentswimminginstead. ButthissummerIfindmyse

3、lfataloss.I’mnotquiteinterestedinBalzac，say，orTristramShandy.There’salwaysWarandPeace，whichI’vecoveredsomedistanceseveraltimes，onlytogetboggeddowninthe“War”part，setitasideforawhile，andrealizethatIhavetostartoverfromthebeginningagain，havingforgotteneveryone’snameandsocialrank.Howappealingtosimplyfall

4、backonafavorite—oncemoreintoTheWavesorJustine，whichfeelsalmostlikecheating，tooexcitingandtoomuchfuntoproperlybelonginseriousliterature. Andthenthere’sStendhal’sTheRedandtheBlack，whichhappenstobethenameofmyfavoritecocktail(雞尾酒) ofthesummer，createdbyMichaelCecconiatSavoyandBackForty.Itiseasytodrink，a

5、ndknockingbackthreeorfourseemslikesuchadelightfulidea.Cecconi’stheory: “Itakewhatever’sfreshatthegreenmarketandturnitintoliquid.”Theresultisapureshotofafternooninthepark，makingonefeelcheerfulandpeacefulallatonce，lyingonuncutgrasswitheyesshut，sunbeatingthroughthelids... 27．Whatcanweinferabouttheau

6、thorfromthefirstparagraph? A．HehasacottageinNewEngland. B．Heshowstalentsforliterature. C．Heenjoysreadingwhentraveling. D．Headmiresalotofgreatwriters. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“MobyDickonathree-daycross-countrytraintrip；TheMagicMountaininaNewEnglandbeachsidecottage...TheManWithoutQualitiesonareturnt

7、oHawaii”等內(nèi)容可知，作者在旅行中喜歡閱讀。故選C。 28．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“getboggeddown”inParagraph2mean? A．Getconfused. B．Becarriedaway. C．Beinterrupted. D．Makenoprogress. 答案　D 解析　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文中的“I’vecoveredsomedistanceseveraltimes”和“setitasideforawhile”及讀后的結(jié)果“havingforgotteneveryone’snameandsocialrank”可知，作者在讀“

8、戰(zhàn)爭”部分時(shí)幾次合上書，把書放一邊。句中畫線的“getboggeddown”指的是“陷入困境，停滯不前，沒有進(jìn)展”。與makenoprogress同義。故選D。 29．Whydoestheauthorsayreadinghisfavoritebooksfeelslikecheating? A．Hefinishesthemquickly. B．Heshouldreadsomethingserious. C．Hebarelyunderstandsthem. D．Hehasreadthemmanytimesbefore. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Howappeali

9、ngtosimplyfallbackonafavorite—oncemoreintoTheWavesorJustine，whichfeelsalmostlikecheating，tooexcitingandtoomuchfuntoproperlybelonginseriousliterature.”可知，作者再次讀到自己最喜歡的書時(shí)，感到非常刺激和興奮。同時(shí)感覺自己興奮的心情與嚴(yán)肅的作品不適合，所以這時(shí)候會有欺騙的感覺，認(rèn)為自己應(yīng)該讀一些嚴(yán)肅的東西。故選B。 30．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext? A．TheBooksofSummer B．MySumm

10、erHolidays C．ToReadorNottoRead D．It’sNeverTooLatetoRead 答案　A 解析　標(biāo)題歸納題。文章第一段開頭作者就談到了每年暑假旅行時(shí)喜歡讀名著。第二段中的“ButthissummerIfindmyselfataloss.”談到今年夏天讀書的困惑，第三段的“myfavoritecocktail(雞尾酒) ofthesummer”把讀書和雞尾酒聯(lián)系起來，談自己讀書的感受。所以全文都和夏天讀書有關(guān)，TheBooksofSummer適合作為標(biāo)題，故選A。 一、題型解讀 記敘文、說明文和議論文三種文體涉及的不同話題的閱讀材料都會考查到標(biāo)題歸

11、納題。設(shè)問形式常有： (1)Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage? (2)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage/text? (3)Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage? (4)Themostsuitabletitleofthispassageis“”． 一個(gè)好的標(biāo)題應(yīng)具備三大特點(diǎn)：概括——準(zhǔn)確而又簡短；針對性——標(biāo)題外延正好與文章內(nèi)容相符；醒目——能引發(fā)讀者的閱讀欲望。 二、解題技巧 1．“高度概括”定標(biāo)題 (1)所選文章標(biāo)題須能概括全文的中心內(nèi)容。標(biāo)

12、題是文章的點(diǎn)睛之筆，是文章的靈魂和門面。為吸引讀者的注意，標(biāo)題往往比較醒目。 (2)一般文章的標(biāo)題可根據(jù)主題句來判斷，但在某些文章中，如記敘文，沒有明確的主題句，需要根據(jù)文中的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)，查找文章的“主線”，歸納出文章的主題。 2．文章標(biāo)題三特點(diǎn) (1)形式一般為單詞、短語或句子，短語居多； (2)短小精悍，精確性強(qiáng)； (3)涵蓋性強(qiáng)，能覆蓋全文大意。 例如：【真題感悟】中第30題。文章第一段開頭作者就談到了每年暑假旅行時(shí)喜歡讀名著。第二段中的“ButthissummerIfindmyselfataloss.”談到今年夏天讀書的困惑，第三段的“myfavoritecocktail(雞

13、尾酒) ofthesummer”把讀書和雞尾酒聯(lián)系起來，談自己讀書的感受。所以全文都和夏天讀書有關(guān)，TheBooksofSummer適合作為標(biāo)題，故選A。 A (2019·湖南長沙雅禮中學(xué)一模) Laughterispartofthe1universalhumanvocabulary.Allmembersofthehumanspeciesunderstandit.UnlikeEnglishorFrenchorSwahili，wedon’thavetolearntospeakit.We’rebornwiththecapacitytolaugh. Verylittleisknownab

14、outthespecificbrainmechanismsresponsibleforlaughter.5Contrarytofolkwisdom，mostlaughterisnotabouthumor；itisaboutrelationships.12Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh，Iwentwithseveralassistantstolocalmallsandrecordedwhathappenedjustbeforepeoplelaughed.Overa10-yearperiod，westudiedover2,000casesofnaturally10oc

15、curringlaughter. Wefoundthatmostlaughterdoesnotnecessarilyfollowjokes.Peoplemaylaughafteravarietyofstatements，suchas，“HerecomesMary.”“Howdidyoudoonthetest？”or“Doyouhavearubberband？”Thesecertainlyaren’tjokes. Webelievelaughter6evolvedfromthepanting(喘氣的) behaviorofourancientancestors.Today，ifwetickl

16、e (使發(fā)癢) chimps，theydon’tlaugh.But，instead，theyproduceapantingsound.That’sthesoundofapelaughter，andit’stherootofhumanlaughter. Apeslaughinthekindsofsituationsthatleadtohumanlaughter，likegamesthatinvolvechasing.Otheranimalsproducesoundsduringplay，buttheyaresodifferentfromlaughter.Rats，forexample，prod

17、ucehighsoundsduringplayandwhentickled，buttheseareverydifferentinsoundfromhumanlaughter. Laughterisoftenpositive，butitcanbenegativetoo.There’sadifferencebetween“l(fā)aughingwith”and“l(fā)aughingat”．Peoplewholaughatothersmaybetryingtodrivethemoutofthegroup. Noonehasactuallycountedhowmuchpeopleofdifferentage

18、slaugh，butyoungchildrenprobablylaughthemost.Atages5and6weprobablylaughmorethanatanyothertimes.Adultslaughlessthanchildren，probablybecausetheyplayless. Worknow2underwaywilltellusmoreaboutthebrainmechanismsbehindlaughter，howithasevolved，andwhywe’resosusceptibletotickling. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇議論文。笑容是全世界通用的語言，是

19、世上最溫暖的語言。本文探討了“人類為什么笑”這個(gè)話題。 1．Whatwasthepurposeofthedecade’sresearch? A．Toprovethatpeoplelaughbecauseofhumor. B．Tofindouttherealreasonforpeople’slaughter. C．Toresearchpeople’sdifferentreactiononjokes. D．Torecordconversationsamongshoppersinmalls. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的“thedecade’sresearch”可定位至文

20、章第二段最后兩句，由該段倒數(shù)第二句“Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh...”可知，這十年的研究是為了弄清楚人類什么時(shí)候以及為什么會笑。故B項(xiàng)正確。 2．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext? A．Peoplewhoplaymoretendtolaughmore. B．Apesproducehighsoundswhentickled. C．Scientistsknowthebrainmechanismsresponsibleforlaughterwell. D．Thesituationsinwhichapeslaughareverydiffer

21、entfromthoseinwhichhumanslaugh. 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的“Atages5and6weprobablylaughmorethanatanyothertimes.Adultslaughlessthanchildren，probablybecausetheyplayless.”可知，玩得越多的人笑得越多。故A項(xiàng)正確。 3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“susceptible”inthelastparagraphprobablymean? A．Sensitive. B．Flexible. C．Addictive.

22、 D．Reliable. 答案　A 解析　詞義猜測題。聯(lián)系上下文可知susceptible(易受影響的，敏感的)與sensitive的意思最為接近。故選A。 4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext? A．TheImpactofLaughter B．TheMeaningofLaughter C．ABigMystery：WhyDoWeLaugh? D．Laughter：TheMostBeautifulWord 答案　C 解析　標(biāo)題歸納題。笑容是全世界通用的語言，是世上最溫暖的語言，本文探討了“人類為什么笑”這個(gè)話題。故

23、C項(xiàng)為最佳標(biāo)題。 B (2019·河北五個(gè)一名校聯(lián)盟) Mostpeoplewhoownmobilephonesusethemastheiralarmclocks—makingitveryeasytocheckemailsonelasttimebeforefallingasleepandhardtoeverfeelawayfromworkandsocialnetworks. Severalyearsago，mybossfainteddueto7exhaustionafterstayinguplatetocatchuponwork.Shebangedherheadandendedupwi

24、thfivestitches(縫針)—andbecamewhatshecallsa“sleepevangelist(傳教士)”．Nowsheleaveshermobilephone11charginginanotherroomwhenshegoestobedandencouragesherfriendstodothesame. “IsentallmyfriendsthesameChristmasgift—alovelyalarmclock—sotheycouldstopusingtheexcusethattheyneededtheirveryattractivemobilephonesbyt

25、heirbedstowakethemupinthemorning，”shesaid. Ifyourmobilephonewakesyouupinthemorning，itmayalsobekeepingyouupatnight.A2008studyshowedthatpeopleexposedtomobileradiationtooklongertofallasleepandspentlesstimeindeepsleep.“13Thestudy8indicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsof

26、sleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdaily3wearandtearare9severelyaffected，”thestudyconcluded. Aquarterofyoungpeoplefeelliketheymustbeavailablebymobilephone4aroundtheclock，accordingtoaSwedishstudythatlinkedheavycellphoneusetosleepingproblems，stressanddepression.Unreturnedmessagescarrymoreguiltw

27、henthetechnologytodealwiththemliesatourfingertips.Someteensevenreturntextmessagesatmidnight. Mostofuschoosenottosetlimitsonournighttimeavailability.Nearlythreequartersofpeoplefromtheageof18to44sleepwiththeirmobilephoneswithinreach，accordingtoa2012Timepoll.Thatnumberfallsoffslightlyinmiddleage，buton

28、lypeopleaged65andolderareleavingthemobilephoneinanotherroomascommonassleepingrightnexttoit. 語篇解讀　本文屬于科普類說明文，講述現(xiàn)在越來越多的人在睡覺的時(shí)候把手機(jī)放在旁邊，這會嚴(yán)重影響人們的睡眠質(zhì)量，有些人已經(jīng)選擇把手機(jī)放在其他地方來保證自己的睡眠質(zhì)量。 5．Whydidtheauthor’sbossstarttoenjoysleeping? A．Herfriendsencouragedhertosleepontime. B．Mobilephonescouldn’twakeheruponti

29、me. C．Herfriendssentheralovelyclocktowakeherup. D．Shegothurtduetoworkingtoolate. 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段前兩句可知，作者的老板由于熬夜趕工而筋疲力盡暈倒在地，并且頭部縫了五針，最終她成為“睡眠傳教士”，鼓勵(lì)大家多睡覺。因此作者的老板開始享受睡眠是因?yàn)槭艿搅藗?，故選D。 6．Whydidtheauthor’sbossgiveherfriendsalarmclocksasChristmasgifts? A．Alarmclocksdon’tgiveoffanyradiation. B．Al

30、armclocksarebetteratwakingherfriendsup. C．Sheadvisedthemtoreplacemobilephoneswithalarmclocks. D．Sheusedalarmclockstoremindthemnottoworktoolate. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段可知，作者的老板送給朋友鬧鐘是為了不再讓他們用把手機(jī)當(dāng)鬧鐘的借口而影響睡眠，讓他們用鬧鐘來替代手機(jī)，故選C。 7．Whatcanwelearnfromthe2008study? A．Mobileradiationmakespeopleunabletofallas

31、leep. B．Mobilephonescanrelease884MHzwiredsignals. C．Sleepcanhelppeoplefightagainstradiation. D．Componentsofsleepcanbeseriouslyaffectedbywirelesssignals. 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“Thestudyindicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecovery

32、fromdailywearandtearareseverelyaffected...”可知，2008年的一份研究表明，在實(shí)驗(yàn)中暴露于884兆赫的無線信號中，修復(fù)白天身體損耗很重要的睡眠因子受到嚴(yán)重影響。由此可知，無線電信號會嚴(yán)重影響睡眠質(zhì)量，故選D。 8．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage? A．HowMobilePhonesAffectSleep B．WhyAlarmClocksAreBetterthanPhones C．HowWeCanSleepBetteratNight D．HowMobilePhonesAffectHealth 答案　A 解析　

33、標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文闡述越來越多的人在睡覺的時(shí)候把手機(jī)放在旁邊，這會嚴(yán)重影響其睡眠質(zhì)量，闡述了手機(jī)與睡眠的關(guān)系，故選A。 Ⅰ.障礙詞匯突破 (一)閱讀下列句子，并根據(jù)句意猜測畫線部分的意思 1．Thereisauniversalloveforbasketballinthecountryamongallwalksoflife.普遍的，全體的 2．PreparationsforthearrivaloftheseniorrepresentativefromtheUNarealreadyunderway. 在進(jìn)行中的 3．Theseproductscanstandwear

34、andtear，whichwilldefinitelybeattractiveinthemarket.磨損 4．Somestoresstayopenaroundtheclock，whileothersdobusinessforonlyafewhoursaday. 夜以繼日地，晝夜不停地 (二)同義詞語替換 5．Contrarytothebeliefthatrockmusicisalwaysangryandnoisy，histrademark(標(biāo)志性的) styleisquietbutpowerful.opposedto 6．Thecompanyhasevolvedovertheyea

35、rsintoamulti-milliondollarorganization.developed 7．Therearemanysymptomsofdepression.Theyincludelackofsleep，strongfeelingofexhaustion，anddifficultyconcentratingthroughouttheday.tiredness 8．Researchindicatesthatover81%ofteachersaredissatisfiedwiththeirsalaries.shows 9．Theschoolbuildingswereseverely

36、damagedintheearthquakeandstudentshadtostudyatalocalcompany，whichchangeditsworkshopintoatemporaryclassroom.seriously (三)一詞多義 10．occurv．發(fā)生；被想起 (1)AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina.發(fā)生 (2)Itoccurredtohimthathehadanimportantconferencetoattendthenextmorning.被想起 11．chargev．&n．主管，負(fù)責(zé)n．

37、費(fèi)用v．收費(fèi)；控告；充電；進(jìn)攻 (1)Whenlionsarehidingforanattackbyawaterhole，theywaitpatientlyandcanchargeatanysecond.v.進(jìn)攻 (2)CouldIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease? n．主管，負(fù)責(zé) (3)Doyouthinkmuseumsshouldchargeforadmission？v.收費(fèi) (4)Sheischargedwithmurderingherhusband.v．控告 (5)Themonthlychargeforthi

38、sserviceisonly$29，whichisquitereasonable.n.費(fèi)用 (6)Itbecamearoutineforustochargeourphonefrequentlyeveninaday.v.充電 Ⅱ.長難句理解 12．Tofindoutwhenandwhypeoplelaugh，Iwentwithseveralassistantstolocalmallsandrecordedwhathappenedjustbeforepeoplelaughed. [句式分析]　本句為主從復(fù)合句。句首的Tofindout是目的狀語，句子的主語是I，謂語動(dòng)詞went和recor

39、ded由and連接。what引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句。 [精美譯文]　為了弄清楚人們發(fā)笑的時(shí)間和原因，我和幾個(gè)助手去了當(dāng)?shù)氐馁徫镏行模涗浟巳藗儼l(fā)笑之前的事情。 13．Thestudyindicatesthatduringlaboratoryexposureto884MHzwirelesssignals，componentsofsleepbelievedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdailywearandtearareseverelyaffected. [句式分析]　本句為復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句。從句是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，主語是componentsofsleep，ar

40、eseverelyaffected是被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)；believedtobeimportantforrecoveryfromdailywearandtear是過去分詞作定語，這本身是一個(gè)句型：sb./sth.be said/believed/reported to do，表示“據(jù)說/據(jù)認(rèn)為/據(jù)報(bào)道”。 [精美譯文]　該研究表明，在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里暴露于884兆赫無線信號時(shí)，被認(rèn)為對日常(身體)損耗的恢復(fù)很重要的睡眠因子受到嚴(yán)重影響。 強(qiáng)化練(十八) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A “Mirrormirroronthewall，who’sthefairestofthemall？”Anoldtaletellsase

41、eminglyunbelievablestoryofamagicmirror，butnowthemagicisnolongerunachievable. InAugust2018，newswentviral(廣為傳播的) thatthepolicehadcaughtcriminalsuspectswhoattendedChinesesingerJackyCheung’sconcerts.Howdidthepolicepickoutthesuspectsamongthousandsofscreamingfans？ThehelpinghandisAIfacialrecognitiontechno

42、logy.Thelow-keyyetpowerfultoolisnolongerfar-fetched，butenteringtheworldofChina’stopinvestorsandcompanies. Facialrecognitionisatechnologyabletoidentifyapersonfromadigitalimageoraframefromavideosource.TangWenbin，CTOofFace＋＋，anAIcomputervision(視覺) technologycompanyinChina，vividlyexplainedtheworkflow.A

43、ccordingtohim，facialrecognitionistheidentificationofourappearance，includingknowingthesex，ageandidentityofaperson.Youmaythinkitislikeabrainoraneuralnetwork.Youusedatatotrainit，andthen，itlearnsthepattern. Facialrecognitiontechnologyhasbeentraditionallyalliedwiththesecuritywork，buttodaythereisactiveex

44、pansionintootherindustriesincludingmobilephones，marketingandfinance.Chinesestart-upshaveseenthepotentialofAIfacialrecognitionforsimplifyingandspeedinguptasksinmultipleindustries.Andthemarketisnowcrowdedandcompetitive. ChinaisstartingtheAIrevolutionandhasmadebreakthroughsinfacialrecognition.“Ifapply

45、ingAItodifferentindustriesisamarathon，thecompaniesthereprobablyhavejustgotofftheblocks，”saidTianFeng，directorofAlibabaCloudResearchCenter.Healsothinksthatinthefuture，everybodywillbeabletouseAIasitwillsoonbecomeabasictoolforworkandlife. 1．WhyisthenewsmentionedinParagraph2? A．Tointroduceanewtoolfo

46、rcompanies. B．Toshowthemagichasbecomeareality. C．Toproveoldtalesarebasedontruestories. D．Todescribethebackgroundoffacialrecognition. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。第一段引入童話故事里的魔鏡，第一段結(jié)尾提到“butnowthemagicisnolongerunachievable”，緊接著第二段就以實(shí)例證明魔鏡確實(shí)不再是難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的幻想了，因此第二段提到了新聞是為了說明現(xiàn)代技術(shù)把童話故事里的“魔鏡”變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。 2．Whichofthefollowingb

47、estexplains“alliedwith”underlinedinParagraph4? A．Dependenton. B．Comparedwith. C．Differentfrom. D．Relatedto. 答案　D 解析　詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分所在句中的“traditionally...securitywork”和后面的轉(zhuǎn)折“buttodaythereisactiveexpansionintootherindustriesincludingmobilephones，marketingandfinance”可知，面部識別一直都與安全方面的工作有關(guān)，但是如今這一技術(shù)擴(kuò)展到了其他

48、行業(yè)。故畫線部分應(yīng)表示“與……有關(guān)聯(lián)”，故選D。 3．WhatdoTianFeng’swordsimply? A．ManycompaniesinChinaareresearchingAI. B．AIplaysakeyroleincompanies’development. C．AItechnologyappliednowisfarfrommature. D．AItechnologywillbeusedinmarathonsoneday. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)TianFeng的話“IfapplyingAItodifferentindustriesisamarathon，

49、thecompaniesthereprobablyhavejustgotofftheblocks”可知，如果把將人工智能技術(shù)應(yīng)用到不同行業(yè)中比作一場馬拉松，那么這些公司可能處于剛起跑的階段，即人工智能技術(shù)現(xiàn)階段的發(fā)展還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠成熟。 4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext? A．TheEyeofAIinChina B．EffectsofAITechnology C．BreakthroughsofChineseTechnology D．FacialRecognitioninSecurity 答案　A 解析　標(biāo)題歸納題。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講了人

50、工智能技術(shù)中的面部識別技術(shù)在中國的發(fā)展和應(yīng)用。故A項(xiàng)作本文標(biāo)題最佳。 B (2019·四川雙流中學(xué)一模) Iattendedapartyonenight.Duringthedinneramantoldahumorousstorybasedonthequotation：“There’sadivinitythatshapesourends，rough-hewthemhowwewill.” ThestorytellermentionedthatthequotationwasfromtheBible.Iknewhewaswrong.Therecouldn’tbetheslightestdoub

51、taboutit.Togetafeelingofimportanceanddisplaymysuperiority，Iappointedmyselfasanunwelcomecommitteemembertocorrecthim.Hestucktohisguns.“What? FromShakespeare? Impossible! Absurd! ThatquotationwasfromtheBible.”Andheknewit. Thestorytellerwassittingonmyright；andFrankGammond，anoldfriendofmine，wasseatedonm

52、yleft.MrGammondhaddevotedyearstothestudyofShakespeare.SothestorytellerandIagreedtosubmitthequestiontoMrGammond.MrGammondlistened，kickedmeunderthetable，andthensaid，“Dale，youarewrong.Thegentlemanisright.ItisfromtheBible.” Onourwayhomethatnight，IsaidtoMrGammond，“Frank，youknewthatquotationwasfromShakes

53、peare.”“Yes，ofcourse，”hereplied，“Hamlet，ActFive，SceneTwo.Butwewereguestsatahappytime，mydearDale.Whyarguewiththestoryteller? Whyprovetohimheiswrong？Whynotlethimsavehisface？Alwaysavoidyoursharpangle.”IlearnedalessonI’llneverforget.Inotonlyhadmadethestorytelleruncomfortable，butalsohadputmyfriendinanemb

54、arrassingsituation.HowmuchbetteritwouldhavebeenifIhadnotbecomeargumentative. Ninetimesoutoften，anargumentendswitheachofthecontestantsmorefirmlyconvincedthaneverthatheisabsolutelyright.Youcan’twinanargument.Youcan’tbecauseifyouloseit，youloseit；andifyouwinit，youloseit. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章論述的是“你不可能贏得爭

55、論”。十有八九，爭論結(jié)束時(shí)，每個(gè)參與者都比以往更堅(jiān)定地相信自己是絕對正確的。 5．Whatdidtheauthordotogetafeelingofimportanceattheparty? A．Tellahumorousstory. B．Showoffhisrichknowledge. C．Teachthestorytelleralesson. D．Correctthestoryteller’smistake. 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Togetafeelingofimportanceanddisplaymysuperiority，Iappointedm

56、yselfasanunwelcomecommitteemembertocorrecthim.”可知，作者在聚會上糾正講故事的人的錯(cuò)誤來獲得一種重要感。故選D。 6．WhydidFrankGammondkicktheauthorunderthetable? A．Becausehedidn’tknowmuchabouttheBible. B．Becausehethoughttheauthorwasreallywrong. C．Becausehewasthoughtfulandwantedtostoptheauthor. D．Becausehewashumorousandplayedtri

57、cksontheauthor. 答案　C 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“MrGammondlistened，kickedmeunderthetable，andthensaid，‘Dale，youarewrong.Thegentlemanisright.ItisfromtheBible.’”可知，F(xiàn)rankGammond在桌子底下踢作者是因?yàn)樗氲弥艿?，想阻止作者。故選C。 7．Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheeventthathappenedattheparty? A．Thankful. B．Regretful. C．Satisfied. D．Confuse

58、d. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后三句“IlearnedalessonI’llneverforget.Inotonlyhadmadethestorytelleruncomfortable，butalsohadputmyfriendinanembarrassingsituation.HowmuchbetteritwouldhavebeenifIhadnotbecomeargumentative.”可知，作者對晚會上發(fā)生的事很后悔。故選B。 8．Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthepassage? A．YouCan’tWinanArgument B

59、．YouCan’tMakeMistakesinPublic C．DoHaveanOpenMind D．MindYourMannersataParty 答案　A 解析　標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)最后一段“十有八九，爭論結(jié)束時(shí)，每個(gè)參與者都比以往更堅(jiān)定地相信自己是絕對正確的。你不可能贏得爭論。你不能，因?yàn)槿绻爿斄?，你就輸了；如果你贏了，你也輸了?！笨芍?，本文最佳標(biāo)題是YouCan’tWinanArgument。故選A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2019·山東濟(jì)南質(zhì)檢) WhenIwasyoung，myunderstandingoflifewassimple.Thismadeit9formetodea

60、lwiththeworldaroundme.AsIgrewup，thingsseemedmore10，whichmadelifemorechallenging.Now，middle-aged，Ifindmy11oftheworldisreturningtothesimple. WhenItrytoteachmydaughterimportant12aboutlife，Iwillbreakcomplicatedthings13intosmallpieces.Oneofthosebasicsis14，foryourself，andforothers.Iteachmydaughterto15.To

61、failfeelsbad，16，butnottohavetriedfeelsworse，becauseyoucan’trespectyourselfforit.Andasthesaying17，“Ifyoudon’trespectyourself，nooneelsewill.” WhenIwassevenoreight，Iplayedatmycousin’shousewithhistoys.Hisfamilywasbetteroffthanmine，andhehadmanymoretoys.Therewasone18thatI’dalwayswanted，andI19itintomypock

62、et.Butamomentlater，I20，evenatthatage，thatIwouldneverenjoyplayingwiththetoy.IwouldalwaysknowIhad21，andmyopinionofmyselfwould22.Whenhismotherdroppedmeofflaterthatday，Ishamefacedly23outthetoyandgaveitback.Sheknew，I’msure，whathadhappened，24shethankedmeandneverspokeofitagain. Ihopetohelpmydaughteravoids

63、imilar25.Shefirsthastogainself-respect26shecanstartrespectingothers.Ibelieveinrespect，because27itwe’reallenemies.I’mnot28inthisregard，farfromit.ButItrymybest，andIrespectothersfortryingtheirbestinthischangingworld. 語篇解讀　這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章作者通過自己成長過程中的親身經(jīng)歷，教育自己的女兒，在開始尊重其他人之前，首先要獲得自尊。 9．A.funnier B．easi

64、er C．safer D．deeper 答案　B 解析　根據(jù)上文中的“WhenIwasyoung，myunderstandingoflifewassimple.”可知，這讓“我”更容易與周圍的世界打交道。funnier更滑稽的；easier更容易的；safer更安全的；deeper更深的。故選B。 10．A.important B．a(chǎn)wkward C．fragile D．complex 答案　D 解析　根據(jù)后面的“whichmadelifemorechallenging”可知，隨著“我”長大，事情似乎變得更加復(fù)雜。important重要的；awkward尷尬的；fragile易碎

65、的；complex復(fù)雜的。故選D。 11．A.view B．experience C．a(chǎn)im D．expectation 答案　A 解析　句意為：現(xiàn)在，中年了，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我的世界觀正在回歸簡單。view觀點(diǎn)；experience經(jīng)歷；aim目的；expectation期待。故選A。 12．A.basics B．facts C．subjects D．choices 答案　A 解析　根據(jù)下文中的“Oneofthosebasicsis”可知，這里意思是“我”試著教“我”女兒重要的生活基礎(chǔ)知識。basic基礎(chǔ)知識；fact事實(shí)；subject科目；choice選擇。故選A。 13．A.a

66、way B．off C．down D．out 答案　C 解析　句意為：當(dāng)我試圖教我女兒重要的生活基礎(chǔ)知識時(shí)，我會把復(fù)雜的東西分解成小塊。breakdowninto分解成……，為固定短語。故選C。 14．A.passion B．love C．respect D．desire 答案　C 解析　根據(jù)下文中的“becauseyoucan’trespectyourselfforit”可知，這里意思是：其中一個(gè)基本要素就是尊重。passion激情；love愛；respect尊重；desire欲望。故選C。 15．A.forgive B．a(chǎn)ccept C．share D．try 答案　D 解析　根據(jù)下文中的“butnottohavetriedfeelsworse”可知，這里意思是“我”教女兒去嘗試。forgive原諒；accept接受；share分享；try嘗試。故選D。 16．A.certainly B．eventually C．personally D．willingly 答案　A 解析　句意為：當(dāng)然，失敗讓人感覺很糟糕，但沒有嘗試讓人感覺更糟，因?yàn)槟銦o法為此尊重自