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英語(yǔ):unit1 lesson3 a volunteer teacher同步輔導(dǎo)與測(cè)試(北師大版必修1)
一般將來(lái)時(shí)也譯為單純將來(lái)時(shí)。
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例A:I shall not come if it rains tomorrow.
(如明天下雨我就不來(lái)。)
例B:My brother will leave for the United States next week.
(我的哥哥下星期要到美國(guó)去。)
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解說(shuō) 從句式我們可以了解一般將來(lái)時(shí)的表達(dá)須借助于助動(dòng)詞“shall/will”。關(guān)于“shall/will”的用法,傳統(tǒng)文法談得很多,同時(shí)各文法學(xué)家的理論也不很一致。更重要的是
2、英國(guó)人和美國(guó)人對(duì)“shall/will”的用法規(guī)則并不很一致,也不很嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),所以本書擬只提供下面的五個(gè)規(guī)則,相信各位只要把下面這五個(gè)規(guī)則學(xué)通了,你的“shall/will”的用法就可以中規(guī)中矩了。
①說(shuō)或?qū)懚急M量使用“I'll, You'll, He'll , She'll , It'll, We'll , They'll …”的簡(jiǎn)縮形(如用法例2、3)。
②要表達(dá)主語(yǔ)的“意志”,通常都用“will”(文法上稱為意志將來(lái)。)
例A:I won't see him again.
(我不愿意再和他見(jiàn)面。)
例B:Who will go and help that poor old man?
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(誰(shuí)愿意去幫助那個(gè)可憐的老人?)
Mary will . (瑪莉愿意。)
③說(shuō)話者要把自己的“意志”表達(dá)或行使出去,通常用“shall”。
例A:You shall not do that again.
(你不可以再做那樣的事。)
例B:He shall return that book tomorrow.
(明天他必須把那本書歸還。)
④第一人稱問(wèn)句使用“shall”。
例A:Shall I call you a taxi ?
(需要我替你叫一輛出租車嗎?)
例B:Shall we tell her the truth ?
(我們可以把實(shí)情告訴她嗎?)
⑤問(wèn)句是
4、“Shall…?”,答句就用“shall ~”;問(wèn)句用“Will …?”,答句就用“will ~ ”。
例A:Shall you go to school tomorrow ?
(你明天須要上學(xué)去嗎?)
Yes, I shall . We'll have an exam .
(是的,我必須去。我們明天有考試。)
例B:Will you go to school with me tomorrow?
(明天你要不要和我一道去學(xué)校?)
No, I won't . I'm going on a picnic.
(我不要。我已定好要去郊游。)
注:Let's …”的附加疑問(wèn)通常使用
5、“…, shall we ?”。
Let's have a rest, shall we?
(我們休息一下,怎樣?)
一般將來(lái)時(shí)除了使用“shall/will + V…”以外,也可以使用下列的幾種句式來(lái)表達(dá)。
1.be going to + V … (即將會(huì)……;打算將……)
例A:It is going to rain. Take an umbrella with you.
(帶一把傘去。看樣子就要下雨了。)
例B:The Browns are going to move to Australia.
(布朗先生全家打算遷移到澳大利亞去。)
2.be about to
6、 + V (即將……,指緊接著要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。)
例:Let's wait a minute. He is about to arrive.
(我們等一下。他即將會(huì)到達(dá)。)
3.be + V-ing …(定于……,指接近的將來(lái)動(dòng)作。)
例:He is leaving for Hong Kong tomorrow morning.
(他定于明天早晨到香港去。)
4.be + to V (定于……,指預(yù)定的將來(lái)動(dòng)作。)
例:She is to be here at 9:00 a.m. tomorrow. :
(她定于明晨九時(shí)到達(dá)這里。)
5.V-(e)s (定于……,指接近的
7、將來(lái)動(dòng)作,但不如第3項(xiàng)主觀。)
例:He leaves for Hong Kong tomorrow morning.
(他定于明天早晨到香港去?!c(3)項(xiàng)的區(qū)別在于(3)項(xiàng)的動(dòng)作是出自主語(yǔ)的決定,(5)項(xiàng)則不一定是出自主語(yǔ)的決定。)
常用于修飾一般將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞有:tomorrow, tomorrow morning (afternoon, evening), next + 時(shí)間 (next night, next Monday …, next week, month…, next summer…, next year), in (the) future (將來(lái)),soon (
8、不久之后),in +時(shí)間 (in five days——再過(guò)五天,in two weeks——再過(guò)二星期),etc.
Drilling Square
Ⅰ.請(qǐng)?jiān)谙铝懈黝}空格處填入shall或will。
1.You ______ not drive through a red light.
2.I ______ do everything for her.
3.______ you help me with this heavy bag, John?
4.______ I help you with that heavy bag, Madam?
5.Let's go and ta
9、ke a walk after dinner, ______ we?
6."No one ______ leave the classroom if I haven't said Okay," said the teacher.
7.It ______ soon be over, I am sure.
8.Do what you ______ , but don't go out.
9.I ______ take you there with me, if it's OK with your mother.
10.Rain or shine, I ______ come.
Ⅱ.請(qǐng)?jiān)?/p>
10、下列各題空格處就所設(shè)動(dòng)詞給予適當(dāng)?shù)膶?lái)時(shí)。
1.A:How do you want to go to Hualain, by air or by train?
B:I am not in a hurry this time, so I (1) take the train.
2.A:(2) (you like) to go to the game this afternoon?
B:I'd love to. Where (3) (we meet) ?
A:You just stay home and wait for me. I (4) drive my car there, so
11、I (5) (pick) you up at about 1:30 .
3.A:It's a good dictionary . I (6) (buy) it, but I don't have money with me now.
B:Don't worry. I (7) (lend) you.
4.A:I hear Miss Chen (8) leave our school and teach in a bigger school in Taipei.
B:But the principal (校長(zhǎng)) (9) not let her go . He says she (10) teach at least for another semester until he finds a new teacher.
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