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1、第2講　句法類 句法類錯誤主要考查三大從句和特定句式，相對來說難度較大，我們建議在解題流程的第2、3步去解決，另外考生在平時練題中應(yīng)多加分析句子、多積累固定句式，熟悉三大從句的用法及特點(diǎn)。 考點(diǎn)　固定句式或特定句型 1．(2017·全國卷Ⅰ)I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. 答案　去掉much 2．(2017·全國卷Ⅲ)I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years.

2、答案　and→but 　　對于固定或特定句式，最有效的途徑就是多積累多記憶。例如，強(qiáng)調(diào)句式“it be ... that ...”，“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”句式，并列句式“not only ... but also ...，neither ... nor ...，either ... or ...”等，這些都是高考的常考點(diǎn)，考生必須熟記于心。 考點(diǎn)　主謂一致 1．(2018·全國卷Ⅲ)The classroom is a place for learning and that include learning from textbooks, and mistakes as wel

3、l. 答案　include→includes 2．(2016·浙江高考)He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us. 答案　was→were 3．Tom, as well as his children, are to visit Beijing this summer. 答案　are→is 4．I, who is your teacher, will do my best to help you. 答案　is→am 　 1．判斷主謂語是關(guān)鍵 (1)可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 (2)動詞－in

4、g形式、不定式或名詞性從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)。 注意：名詞性從句表示復(fù)數(shù)概念時，謂語動詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。 (3)就近原則常見的有：either ... or ..., neither ... nor ..., not only ... but also ..., there be等。 (4)就遠(yuǎn)原則常見的有：with, along with, together with, as well as, but, except, besides, including, in addition to, rather than等。 (5)在倒裝句中要找出句子的主語從而判斷謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。

5、(6)定語從句中的謂語動詞要與定語從句所修飾的先行詞保持一致。 2．附加成分是難點(diǎn) 對于分隔現(xiàn)象，可利用“減—減”原則：先從整體上把握主干，再去掉句子中的插入語、附加成分等分隔干擾部分，使結(jié)構(gòu)簡化。 考點(diǎn)　從句中關(guān)聯(lián)詞的誤用 1．(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 答案　where→when 2．(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the hist

6、orical environment what is created for them. 答案　what→that/which 3．(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life. 答案　where→when 4．(2017·全國卷Ⅱ)In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on th

7、e rooftop of their house. 答案　that→which 5．(2016·全國卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. 答案　that→where 6．(2015·全國卷Ⅱ)After looking at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing. 答案　去掉where或where→that 　(1)對于定語從句要熟知：①只能用which的情況(非限制性定語

8、從句和介詞后)；②關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞如何區(qū)分(看先行詞在定語從句中所作成分，作狀語時用關(guān)系副詞，其他成分用關(guān)系代詞)。 (2)對于狀語從句或名詞性從句可從語意或成分上去判斷，另外名詞性從句中要知道that和what的區(qū)別(that只起連接作用，不作成分；what既起連接作用又作成分，含義上等于“名詞＋that”)。 考點(diǎn)　句子結(jié)構(gòu)的對等性、邏輯性等 (2017·全國卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！” 答案　Turning→Turn 　引號中的直接引語為

9、三個祈使句，是平行關(guān)系，注意到結(jié)構(gòu)上的對等性，就可以成功找出錯誤所在。 過關(guān)檢測(限時：20分鐘) (2019·新余二模)I have a lovely white dog called Qiu Qiu. She is a nice “girl”， but sometime she makes me angry. One day, my grandmother was sewed a pair of trousers with a needle in the living room. Before a while, my grandmother went to the kitchen

10、, left the trousers with the needle on the table. The needle had fell on the floor. Qiu Qiu saw the needle and begin to chew it. When my grandmother got back, she was frightening. Immediately she asked me to have a look. I held Qiu Qiu and managed to get the needle out her mouth. When all this was o

11、ver, I held her tightly in my arm and said, “Poor little girl! You might have died！” However, the little dog just stared at me innocent. 答案： I have a lovely white dog called Qiu Qiu. She is a nice “girl”， but she makes me angry. One day, my grandmother was a pair of trousers with a needle in th

12、e living room. a while, my grandmother went to the kitchen, / the trousers with the needle on the table. The needle fell on the floor. Qiu Qiu saw the needle and to chew it. When my grandmother got back, she was . Immediately she asked me to have a look. I held Qiu Qiu and managed to get the nee

13、dle out her mouth. When all this was over, I held her tightly in my and said, “Poor little girl! You might have died！” However, the little dog just stared at me . (2019·蘭州高考診斷考試)Now I'd like to share with you a strange experience I had a month before. It may sound funny, and it's true. After a

14、day's hard work I went to bed early than usual. It was about two o'clock in the morning, and suddenly I woke up. I heard a noise. I got out of the bed and went slow downstairs. I listened carefully. I could heard two men speaking quietly. I believed two thieves had broken into my house and I was rea

15、lly frightened, so I went back to upstairs, and immediately phone the police from my bedroom. The police arrived quickly. They opened front door with a special key and went into the living room. You can imagine what embarrassed I was when they came upstairs and told me we had turned the television o

16、ff for me and everything was all right. 答案： Now I'd like to share with you a strange experience I had a month . It may sound funny, it's true. After a day's hard work I went to bed than usual. It was about two o'clock in the morning, and suddenly I woke up. I heard a noise. I got out of the bed

17、and went downstairs. I listened carefully. I could two men speaking quietly. I believed two thieves had broken into my house and I was really frightened, so I went back upstairs, and immediately the police from my bedroom. The police arrived quickly. They opened front door with a special key an

18、d went into the living room. You can imagine embarrassed I was when they came upstairs and told me had turned the television off for me and everything was all right. 強(qiáng)化特訓(xùn)2　短文改錯(二)(限時：30分鐘) [1] (2019·菏澤二模)In our life, we often regret what we did and which we couldn't do. Actually, it doesn't ben

19、efit us at all. As for most of us, we missed many chance to earn more money, to get a high position and to realize our dreams. We often regret that we don't seize those opportunities, thus feel upset. Although we do know regretting the past is no benefit, but we still can't help doing it. To avoid

20、the problem below, we need to pay more attention to what you are doing now, making us busier and having no time to recall the past. Moreover, we'd better set reasonably goals one by one. Only by doing so can we struggle for our future better. 答案： In our life, we often regret what we did and we co

21、uldn't do. Actually, it doesn't benefit us at all. As for most of us, we missed many to earn more money, to get a position and to realize our dreams. We often regret that we don't seize those opportunities, thus upset. Although we do know regretting the past is no benefit, / we still can't help

22、 doing it. To avoid the problem ， we need to pay more attention to what are doing now, making us busier and having no time to recall the past. Moreover, we'd better set goals one by one. Only by doing so can we struggle for our future better. [2] The other day, our school invite a famous artist

23、 to teach us what to draw bamboo in traditional Chinese style. When the artist entered into the classroom, he received warm welcome. Firstly, he showed them a great many skillful ways to draw bamboo. We surrounded him and watched him careful. Then we tried to do it by ourselves under his instructio

24、n. Finally, after failing several times I succeeded in drawing a picture of bamboo, that made me so happy. In this lesson, we were deeply impressing by the beauty of Chinese paintings and proud of be Chinese. We hope we can have more activity of this kind in the future！ 答案： The other day, our sch

25、ool a famous artist to teach us to draw bamboo in traditional Chinese style. When the artist entered the classroom, he received warm welcome. Firstly, he showed a great many skillful ways to draw bamboo. We surrounded him and watched him . Then we tried to do it by ourselves under his instruct

26、ion. Finally, after failing several times I succeeded in drawing a picture of bamboo, made me so happy. In this lesson, we were deeply by the beauty of Chinese paintings and proud of Chinese. We hope we can have more of this kind in the future！ [3] When I was 5 years old, I started my journey

27、 to the world of music. Playing the piano becomes a great source of joy. Now, study alone abroad, I have found other way to enjoy music—performing in my school band. I remember the very first time when I played in a band. I practiced a lot. Still, when I sat at the piano, I felt scared and it seeme

28、d that I was getting small. My hands went cold when the conductor and other band member stared at me. The string of notes that came out the piano could not be calling a melody. However, that was only the beginning of your challenges. In my opinion, even though the challenges are difficult for me to

29、 get through, but they make both me and the band even strong. 答案： When I was 5 years old, I started my journey to the world of music. Playing the piano a great source of joy. Now, alone abroad, I have found way to enjoy music—performing in my school band. I remember the very first time when I

30、played in band. I practiced a lot. Still, when I sat at the piano, I felt scared and it seemed that I was getting small. My hands went cold when the conductor and other band stared at me. The string of notes that came out the piano could not be a melody. However, that was only the beginning of

31、challenges. In my opinion, even though the challenges are difficult for me to get through, / they make both me and the band even . [4] Attention, swimmer! Please listen carefully to the followed information. All guests must sign out and leave a photo ID at the front desk. It is required which all

32、 swimmers should shower with soap before entering the pool. In addition to, all swimmers must wear proper bathing suits. If our staff determined that your clothes are not appropriate, you will be forbidden to enter the pool. If you are sick and have signs of illness, don't use the pool. Please remin

33、d your children to use the bathroom. If they have “accidents”， report them to the gym staff immediate. Children under 10 years old must be accompanied by a adult at all times. Remind children that spitting not allowed. 答案： Attention, ！ Please listen carefully to the information. All guests must s

34、ign and leave a photo ID at the front desk. It is required all swimmers should shower with soap before entering the pool. In addition ， all swimmers must wear proper bathing suits. If our staff that your clothes are not appropriate, you will be forbidden to enter the pool. If you are sick have signs of illness, don't use the pool. Please remind your children to use the bathroom. If they have “accidents”， report them to the gym staff . Children under 10 years old must be accompanied by adult at all times. Remind children that spitting not allowed. - 8 -