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1、閱讀理解板塊限時練(三) (限時30分鐘) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Katherine Schreiber and Leslie Sim are experts on exercise addiction who believe that tech advances encourage obsessive (強迫性的) goal monitoring. Schreiber and Sim dislike wearable tech. Wearable tech is a term that describes clothing and accessories (配件) with elect

2、ronic computer-based functions. Schreiber and Sim were particularly critical of watches and trackers that present wearers with instantly updated fitness records. Many of these devices either give you goals or ask you to set your own. Reach the goal, and the device emits a beep (發(fā)出嘟嘟聲). I’ve

3、watched friends and family members respond to that beep, and it’s hard not to think of Pavlov’s dog — with Pavlov’s dog, associating the sound of a bell with the smell of food caused the dog to drool (流口水) when the bell rang. Schreiber and Sim both recognized that smartwatches and fitness trac

4、kers have probably encouraged people who aren’t very active to exercise more consistently. But as experts in addiction, they were convinced the devices were also quite dangerous. Schreiber explained that “focusing on numbers divorces you from being in tune with your body. Exercising become

5、s mindless, which is ‘the goal’ of addiction.” Numbers pave the road to obsession. “When it comes to exercise, everything can be measured，” Sim says. “How many calories you burn; how many laps you run; how fast you go. And if you went, say, two miles yesterday, you don’t want to go less than that t

6、oday. It becomes fairly compulsive.” Many of Sim’s patients experience this constant need to check in. A ten-year-old boy who visited her clinic in Minneapolis was known for being a fast runner, and he was very proud of his speed. His biggest concern was that he might slow down, so he constantly che

7、cked his speed by moving all the time. “He would drive his parents crazy. When they visited Minneapolis for their evaluation, he kept the entire hotel awake at night. They were getting complaints because he was running around his room.” Most people become obsessive when they’re focusing on numbers.

8、 Even if you’re tired, and feel you need to rest, you’ll continue walking or running till you reach your arbitrary numerical goal. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。專家指出，使用健身追蹤器容易導(dǎo)致運動成癮癥。 1．What is Schreiber and Sim’s attitude towards wearable fitness trackers? A．Disapproving. B．Favorable. C．Doubtful. D．Curious.

9、 解析：選A　觀點態(tài)度題。由第一段末的“Schreiber and Sim dislike wearable tech.”及第二段中的“Schreiber and Sim were particularly critical of watches and trackers that present wearers with instantly updated fitness records.”可知，這兩位專家反對使用可穿戴式健身追蹤器。 2．Which kind of people act like Pavlov’s dog? A．Those who have pet dogs. B．T

10、hose who do exercise regularly. C．Those who pursue their goals in life. D．Those who use wearable fitness devices. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。由第二段中的最后兩句話可知，那些使用可穿戴式健身追蹤器的人在聽到達到目標后設(shè)備發(fā)出的嘟嘟聲時的反應(yīng)讓人想起蘇聯(lián)生理學(xué)家和實驗心理學(xué)家巴甫洛夫的狗。這只狗經(jīng)訓(xùn)練后一聽到鈴聲就以為美食到了，因此會流口水。據(jù)此推斷，那些使用可穿戴式健身追蹤器的人的行為就像巴甫洛夫的狗。 3．How did the ten-year-old boy drive

11、his parents mad? A．He was addicted to running. B．He couldn’t run fast enough. C．He kept complaining about them. D．He paid little attention to his studies. 解析：選A　細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“His biggest concern ... moving all the time.”及“he kept the entire hotel awake ... running around his room”可知，這個男孩跑步成癮導(dǎo)致

12、他的父母抓狂。 B For the past three summers, Jenny Howard has worked on Seal Island, Maine. Howard, who holds a bachelor’s degree in arts and biology with an environmental science concentration from Kenyon College in Ohio, is the supervisor (主管) for Project Puffin, a seabird restoration project. She and

13、a small crew of volunteers monitor and protect the seabirds during the summer breeding (繁殖) season. The puffin with a colorful beak (喙) is often referred to as a “sea parrot”. They were hunted more than 150 years ago for food and feathers and disappeared from Seal Island, once home to the largest p

14、uffin habitat in Maine. Dr. Steve Kress, founder of Project Puffin, reintroduced the puffin to the island 40 years ago. From mid-May to mid-August, crews live in tents that are on top of 8-foot-wide wooden platforms, overlooking a rocky beach. “You get really close to people really fast because y

15、ou’re spending all your time with them，” Howard said. The crew brings only what they can carry on their backs when they travel to the island: clothes, books, and food. There’s no refrigeration on the island, and with the exception of two solar-powered lights, there’s no electricity either. Food a

16、nd fresh water are delivered every 10 days by a local. The only real structure on the island is the Seal Island cabin. It offers more protection than the tents and is where most of the research and data entry are done. It’s also a safe place for the crew to cook and stay warm. For Howard, the best

17、 part of a day spent on the island is getting to play with the birds. “You see a baby chick, and you can’t help but smile，” Howard said. “It’s a completely different style of life from the average person, but I just love the work, and I love waking up and getting excited about what I’m going to do.”

18、 語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。Jenny Howard是“海鸚項目”的主管，為了觀察和保護海鸚的繁殖，她和志愿者們一起住在海豹島上，過著簡單而快樂的生活。 4．What does Howard do on Seal Island? A．She protects puffins from hunting. B．She helps Dr. Kress with his research. C．She helps puffins with their productivity. D．She studies for an environmental science degree. 解析：

19、選C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“She and a small crew of volunteers monitor and protect the seabirds during the summer breeding (繁殖) season.”可知，Howard住在海豹島上是為了觀察和保護海鸚繁殖，以使其數(shù)量不斷增加。 5．What does the underlined word “people” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The hunters.　　　　 B．The locals. C．The puffins. D．The volunteers.

20、 解析：選D　詞義猜測題。結(jié)合第一段中的“She and a small crew of volunteers monitor and protect the seabirds”和第三段中的“crews live in tents that are on top of 8-foot-wide wooden platforms”可知，Howard和志愿者們一起住在狹小的帳篷里，很快就互相了解了。 6．How are the working conditions on Seal Island? A．Poor. B．Safe. C．Flexible. D．Satisfying. 解析：

21、選A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容和第五段中的“The only real structure on the island is the Seal Island cabin.”可以推知，島上的生活和工作條件都很艱苦。 7．What would be the best title for the text? A．Do what you like B．Rare seabirds on Seal Island C．Living simply to help save puffins D．Reintroducing puffins to Seal Island 解析：選C　標題歸納題。本文主

22、要講述了Jenny Howard和她的同伴們住在海豹島上保護海鸚的故事，故C項作標題最能概括文章主旨。 C The other day, my sister and I were sitting in a restaurant, trying to have a conversation, but her children, four-year-old Willow and seven-year-old Luca, would not stop fighting. The arguments — over a fork, or who had more water in a glass —

23、 never stopped. Then my sister reached into her handbag, produced two shiny iPads (蘋果平板電腦), and handed one to each child. Suddenly, the two were quiet. They sat playing games and watching videos, and we continued with our conversation. After our meal, as my sister stuffed the iPads back into her b

24、ag, she said，“I don’t want to give them the iPads at the dinner table, but if they keep them occupied for an hour so we can eat in peace, I often just hand them over. I’m afraid it’s bad for them. I do worry that it makes them think it’s OK to use electronics at the dinner table in the future.” Dr.

25、 Gary Small, director of the Longevity Center at the University of California, Los Angeles says that the brain is highly sensitive to stimuli (刺激物), like iPads and smartphone screens, and if people spend too much time on one technology, and less time interacting (互動) with people like parents at the

26、dinner table, that could prevent the development of certain communication skills. “Conversations with each other are the way children learn to have conversations with themselves, and learn how to be alone，” said Sherry Turkle, a professor of science, technology and society at the Massachusetts

27、 Institute of Technology. She fears that children who do not learn real interactions, which often have imperfections, will come to know a world where perfect, shiny screens give them a false sense of intimacy (親密) without risk. However, they need to be able to gather themselves and know who they are

28、. So someday they can form a relationship with another person without a panic of being alone. “If you don’t teach your children to be alone, they’ll only know how to be lonely，” she said. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。用iPad讓孩子們安靜下來似乎很有效，但是這樣做對嗎？ 8．What did Willow and Luca fight about? A．iPads. B．Little things.

29、 C．Delicious food. D．Interesting things. 解析：選B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“The arguments — over a fork, or who had more water in a glass — never stopped.”可以看出，Willow和Luca為一些小事爭吵。 9．According to Dr. Small, what should parents do? A．Provide their children with various technologies. B．Teach their children com

30、munication skills. C．Talk to their children at the dinner table. D．Limit their children’s screen time. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“if people spend too much time on one technology ... prevent the development of certain communication skills”可知，長時間使用電子設(shè)備有礙于孩子們一些溝通技能的發(fā)展，因此家長應(yīng)該限制孩子使用這些設(shè)備的時間。 10．What is She

31、rry Turkle worried? A．Children are afraid of taking risks. B．Children try to escape from the real world. C．Children can’t live without electronic devices. D．Children can’t deal with companion-less situations. 解析：選D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“She fears that children who ... a false sense of intimacy (親密) wi

32、thout risk.”可知，Sherry Turkle擔(dān)心孩子們習(xí)慣了電子設(shè)備的陪伴，認為真正的人際交往也是如此，隨時隨地有人陪伴，因此他們會受不了孤單。 Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 When hiring managers post jobs, they get more applications than they want to go through.__11__ Avoiding these common job application mistakes will help keep your application out of the garbage. __12__ The in

33、structions are very important.Failing to follow instructions will get your application thrown away because it shows the hiring manager that you lack attention to detail. Ignore the required attachments (附件)． When a job posting requires more than an application form, the organization is telling you

34、 that they will use these additional materials to make the decision.__13__ Therefore, the hiring manager will throw out applications that do not include all the required attachments. Apply for a job you are obviously overqualified for. Someone with 20 years of experience in academic research who

35、applies for a technician (技術(shù)員) position can obviously perform the tasks; however, this person is almost certainly a bad hire.__14__ Leave the reader confused. Often hiring managers want a clear picture of what each candidate will bring to the job. __15__ Be as brief as possible while giving a tho

36、rough explanation of why you would be good for the job. A．Work out the details carefully. B．Using too many long or rare words will bore readers. C．Pay no attention to instructions on the application form. D．This person would find the position boring and leave soon. E．They try to sort out people

37、 who are unlikely to be successful in the job. F．Applying for a job you are unqualified for wastes your time and the employer’s time. G．If you ignore these materials, the hiring manager is missing information to compare you with other applicants. 語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。當(dāng)我們在申請工作時，我們的職位申請表如何才能不被招聘者丟到一邊？文章建議

38、我們要避免一些不必要的錯誤。 11．選E　根據(jù)空前的內(nèi)容可知，招聘者要瀏覽很多的申請表，所以他們要努力淘汰一些他們認為不能勝任該職位的申請人。 12．選C　由本段的內(nèi)容可知，作者告誡我們一定要注意招聘廣告上的說明，如果不按照要求做的話，那招聘者會認為你不注重細節(jié)。因此C項作為小標題，告訴我們一個求職者會犯的錯誤：忽略申請表上的指示。 13．選G　根據(jù)空后的內(nèi)容“Therefore, the hiring manager will throw out applications that do not include all the required attachments.”可知，如果你忽略了這些東西，招聘者就不能用這些信息來把你與其他人相比較，這樣就可能會因為相關(guān)附件的缺失而導(dǎo)致我們的申請表被扔到一邊。 14．選D　根據(jù)前文可知，對于一個能力大于實際職位需要的人來說，他們有可能會在工作之后不久就會感到無聊而離職，因此這也不是一個成功的招聘。 15．選B　根據(jù)空后的“Be as brief as possible”可知，此處建議我們要言簡意賅，否則會讓招聘者感到無聊，不想再繼續(xù)看下去。 8