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1、2019年高考英語真題和模擬題分項匯編 專題04 從句（名詞性從句、狀語從句、定語從句） 一、2019年高考真題 1.【2019·江蘇卷·單項填空】 21.We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. which B. what C. when D. that 【答案】C 【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我們已經(jīng)進入到了一個時代，在這個時代夢想實現(xiàn)的機會最大。句中先行詞為an age（一個時代），且先行詞在從句中做時間狀語，所以關(guān)系詞用when。 故選C。 2.【

2、2019·江蘇卷·單項填空】23.The doctor shares his phone number with the patients __________ they need medical assistance. A. if only B. as if C. even though D. in case 【答案】D 【解析】考查狀語從句的連詞。句意：醫(yī)生給了病人他的手機號碼，以防病人需要醫(yī)療援助。A. if only要是…多好；B. as if好像，仿佛；C. even though即使，盡管；D. in case以備，以防，免得。故選D。 3.【2019·江蘇卷·單項填空】2

3、5.Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its way into the human body. A. what B. that C. which D. where 【答案】B 【解析】考查同位語從句。句意：科學家已經(jīng)獲得更多證據(jù)，塑料正在進入人們的體內(nèi)。從句不缺句子成分，且與evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引導同位語從句。故選B。 4.【2019·天津卷·單項填空】11.Their child is at the stage__________ she can say

4、individual words but not full sentences. A. why B. where C. which D. what 【答案】B 【解析】考查定語從句。句意：他們的孩子正處于能說單個單詞而不能說完整句子的階段。句中she can say individual words but not full sentences是一個定語從句，先行詞是the stage，關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點狀語，用關(guān)系副詞where，故選B。 5.【2019·天津卷·單項填空】13.Tom is so independent that he never asks his pare

5、nts' opinion _________ he wants their support. A. since B. once C. unless D. after 【答案】C 【解析】考查連詞辨析。句意：湯姆是如此獨立，以至于他從來不征求父母的意見，除非他想得到他們的支持。since因為；once一旦；unless除非；after在……之后，根據(jù)題意，故選C。 6.【2019·新課標I卷·語法填空】While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the

6、 Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 【答案】that 【解析】考查同位語從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，主句為there be句型，且結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空格后為同位語從句，解釋說明中心詞evidence內(nèi)容，故填that。 7.【2019·新課標I卷·短文改錯】One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. 【答案】One afternoon I was in primary school, I was walk

7、ing by the school playground. 【解析】考查定語從句。先行詞one afternoon表示時間在定語從句中作狀語，所以關(guān)系詞使用when。故將where改為when。 8.【2019·新課標II卷·語法填空】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. 【答案】where 【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，先行詞為the pet shop，

8、在非限制性定語從句中作opened一詞的賓語，故用which。 9.【2019·新課標III卷·語法填空】They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定語從句。句意：它們被他們的主人訓練地很好，它們的主人在照顧這些動物方面很有經(jīng)驗。先行詞為masters（主人），且從句缺主語。故關(guān)系詞填who。 10.【2019·新課標III卷·短文改錯】 In the cafe, customers will enj

9、oy themselves in the historical environment what is created for them. 【答案】 In?the?cafe,?customers?will?enjoy? themselves?in?the?historical?environment??is?created?for?them.? 【解析】本句考查定語從句。先行詞environment 在從句中做主語，指物，關(guān)系代詞用that/which。故 把what改為that/which。 11.【2019·浙江卷·語法填空】On the edge of the jacket, t

10、here is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定語從句。這是個限制性定語從句，先行詞是cloth，指物，從句中缺少主語，因此，可以用that或which引導。故填that/which。 12.【2019·北京卷·語法填空】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go. 【答案】where 【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：學生在大學里做什么似乎比去哪里（哪所大學）更重要

11、。這里表達去哪所大學，表示地點，作狀語。故用where。 13.【2019·北京卷·語法填空】The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(參與)in academic life. 【答案】who/that 【解析】考查定語從句。句意：從大學中獲益最多的學生是那些完全投入學術(shù)生活的學生。___3___ are totally engaged(參與)in academic life.是定語從句，修飾先行詞those，空格處在句中作主語，代指人，故填who或that。 二、2

12、019屆模擬題 1.【江蘇省鹽城中學2019屆高三年級質(zhì)量檢測】People crowd into ________ cherry trees are blooming, appreciating the fresh spring sight. A. what B. when C. which D. where 【答案】D 【解析】考查賓語從句引導詞。句意：人們涌向櫻花盛開的地方，欣賞清新的春光。從句做介詞into的賓語，且從句缺少地點狀語。A. what什么；B. when什么時候；C. which哪一個；D. where哪兒。故選D。 【點睛】名詞性從句中引導詞的確定要根據(jù)從句

13、的句子類型，如果從句是陳述句，引導詞為 that，如從句是一般疑問句、選擇疑問句、反意疑問句，則引導詞為if 或whether，如果從句是特殊疑問句就用它原來的疑問代詞或疑問副詞作為引導詞。本題做題步驟①分析主句People crowd into…可知，本題考查賓語從句。②分析從句cherry trees are blooming不缺主語或賓語，那就不能填關(guān)系代詞。③再根據(jù)翻譯確定關(guān)系副詞。 2.【江蘇省鹽城中學2019屆高三年級質(zhì)量檢測】The reign of the next Japanese emperor will be known as “Reiwa” (令和) era, in

14、________ name the character for “harmony” is included. A. which B. what C. whose D. as 【答案】C 【解析】考查定語從句。句意：下一個日本皇帝統(tǒng)治時期將被稱為“令和時代”，在這個名字里包含著寓意“和諧”的字。先行詞為“Reiwa”(令和) era。從句中name前缺少一個形容詞，只有選項A和選項C可用做形容詞。但是A. which強調(diào)“哪一個”，C. whose強調(diào)“誰的”。定語從句前沒有出現(xiàn)選項范圍，故選C。 3. 【天津市南開中學2019屆高三年級模擬考試】I guess ________ im

15、presses me most about his painting is the colors he uses. A. who B. which C. that D. what 【答案】D 【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：我想他的畫給我印象最深的是他使用的顏色。guess后是賓語從句，從句缺少引導詞，且從句沒有主語，所填詞應(yīng)該起雙重作用，故選D。 4. 【天津市南開中學2019屆高三年級模擬考試】It was the middle of the night ________ my dad woke me up and told me to watch the football game

16、. A. when B. that C. which D. as 【答案】A 【解析】考查時間狀語從句。句意：我爸爸把我叫醒叫我去看足球比賽時，時間已經(jīng)是半夜了。句中it指代時間，my dad woke me up and told me to watch the football game.是時間狀語從句，用when引導。故選A。 5. 【天津市南開中學2019屆高三年級模擬考試】How come? I can’t find my key. I just left it ________ it had been. A. where B. which C. when D. how

17、 【答案】A 【詳解】考查地點狀語從句。句意：怎么可能?我找不到鑰匙了。我剛把它放在原來的地方。結(jié)合句意可知此處是where引導的地點狀語從句，故選A。 6.【江蘇省南京市學2019屆高三年級模擬考試】We live in this society now ________ literally someone is always helping. A. when B. where C. that D. what 【答案】B 【解析】考查定語從句連。句意：我們現(xiàn)在生活在這樣一個確實有人一直在幫助我們的社會里。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞the society，且先行詞在定語從句中做地

18、點狀語，故用where相當于 in which。故選B。 7.【江蘇省南京市學2019屆高三年級模擬考試】Patrick waited ________ all the luggage was cleared, but his never appeared. A. until B. before C. when D. while 【答案】A 【解析】考查狀語從句連接詞。句意：他一直等到所有的行李都清理完畢，但是他的行李遲遲未出現(xiàn)。A. until直到才；B. before在……之前；C. when當……時候；D. while當……時候。根據(jù)句意，表示“直到……才”應(yīng)用until/t

19、ill，故選A。 8.【江蘇省南京市學2019屆高三年級模擬考試】The same boiling water softens the potato and hardens the egg. It’s about ________you’re made of, not the circumstances. A. that B. what C. how D. who 【答案】B 【解析】考查名詞性從句連接詞。句意：同樣的沸水使土豆變軟，使雞蛋變硬。重要的是你是由什么構(gòu)成的，而不是環(huán)境。本句為表語從句，從句中缺少賓語，指代事物，用what，故選B。 9. 【天津市十二所重點中學2019

20、屆高三年級模擬考試】The athletes, especially the winners, should remain modest ________ rapid progress they have made. A. whatever B. however C. how much D. no matter 【答案】A 【詳解】考查讓步狀語從句。句意：那些運動員，尤其是獲勝者，無論他們?nèi)〉枚嗝创蟮倪M步，都應(yīng)該保持謙遜。此處修飾名詞progress，表示“不管什么樣的、無論什么”，故A項正確。 10. 【天津市十二所重點中學2019屆高三年級模擬考試】Bob made a prom

21、ise to the manager ________ the work would all be finished on time. A. that B. what C. which D. whether 【答案】A 【解析】考查同位語從句。句意：鮑勃向經(jīng)理保證將按時完成工作。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為同位語從句，從句成分完成，用that解釋promise的內(nèi)容，只起連接作用，無實義，故A項正確。 11. 【天津市十二所重點中學2019屆高三年級模擬考試】The police are investigating the company, three of ________ manag

22、ers have already been arrested. A. whose B. that C. which D. where 【答案】A 【解析】考查非限定性定語從句。句意：警方正在調(diào)查這家公司，其中三位經(jīng)理已經(jīng)被逮捕。此處為非限定性定語從句，先行詞為company，從句中缺少定語，故A項正確。 12. 【天津市北辰區(qū)2019屆高三年級模擬考試】This semester our school offers many optional courses for the students, _______ appeals to many students. A. each of

23、 which B. all of whom C. each of whom D. all of which 【答案】A 【解析】考查介詞+關(guān)系代詞形式定語從句。句意：這學期我們學校為學生開設(shè)了很多選修課，每一門課都吸引了很多學生。本句為定語從句修飾先行詞courses，且先行詞在從句中做主語，指物，故用關(guān)系代詞which，故排除B、C選項；又因從句中謂語動詞appeals為第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故此處應(yīng)為強調(diào)“每一門”，故選A。 13. 【天津市北辰區(qū)2019屆高三年級模擬考試】I was going to pay by cash when it suddenly occurred to

24、me _________ I had left my purse at home. A. whether B. what C. that D. where 【答案】C 【解析】考查連接詞辨析。句意：我正要付現(xiàn)金，突然想起我把錢包忘在家里了。句型it occurred to sb that…“某人突然想起某事”后跟that從句，故選C。 【點睛】英語句型：表達“想起某事”的常用句型補充： it happened to sb that 意為在某人身上發(fā)生了某事 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 bring sth. in mind 使某人想起某事 put sb

25、. in mind of sth. 使某人想起某事 14. 【天津市北辰區(qū)2019屆高三年級模擬考試】—What did she want to know, Tom? —She wondered _______ we could complete the experiment. A. when was it B. it was when that C. it was when D. when it was that 【答案】D 【解析】考查強調(diào)句。句意：“她想知道什么，湯姆？”“她想知道我們什么時候才能完成實驗?！狈治鼍渥右馑家约熬渥咏Y(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格部分為強調(diào)特殊疑問詞when，且為

26、賓語從句結(jié)構(gòu)，故特殊疑問句必須置于主從句之間，并且要使用陳述語序。故D選項正確。 【點睛】強調(diào)句型：It is (was) 被強調(diào)部分+that (who) + 句子其他部分。 此結(jié)構(gòu)強調(diào)的成分僅限于主語，賓語和狀語。強調(diào)句的連詞只有兩個，that和who。當強調(diào)的部分是人，且為句子的主語時，才用who，其余用that。 原句： My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 強調(diào)主語： It was my father who/that did the experiment in the lab yesterday

27、 evening. 強調(diào)賓語： It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening. 強調(diào)時間： It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when) 強調(diào)地點： It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening. 強調(diào)句的判斷：去掉It is (was)和that (who)后，剩余成分能組成完整句子

28、，則為強調(diào)句型。 15. 【天津市北辰區(qū)2019屆高三年級模擬考試】Tianjin soccer fans wonder how long it will be ______ the popular soccer star —Sunke can appear in the fields in Tianjin as a member of Tianjin Tianhai soccer team. A. before B. since C. until D. where 【答案】A 【解析】 【詳解】考查狀語從句。句意：天津球迷想知道，流行足球明星孫科還需要多久才能作為天津天海足球隊的一員出現(xiàn)在天津的賽場上。固定句式：It will be +some time +before…“多久之后才……”。故選A。 8