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1、（全國卷）2022屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 1 A land of diversity課時作業(yè) 新人教版選修8 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A A new study by the British government has discovered the mental health of the country's teenage girls has bee worse. The survey, which included 30,000 14-year-old students in 2005 and 2014, showed 37 percent of girls with psychol

2、ogical stress, up from 34 percent in 2005. British boys' stress level was actually seen to fall over the same time period, from 17 percent to 15 percent. The report's authors pointed out the “advent of the social media age” could be a major contributing factor for increased stress among teenage Bri

3、tish girls. “The adolescent years are a time of rapid physical，cognitive (認(rèn)知的) and emotional development，”Pam Ramsden, a lecturer in psychology at the University of Bradford in the United Kingdom, wrote in a recent blog post.“Teenagers interact with people in order to learn how to bee petent (有能力

4、的)adults. In the past, they would engage with parents, teachers and other adults in their munity as well as extended family members and friends. Now we can also add social media to that list of social and emotional development.” Throughout adolescence, girls and boys develop characteristics like

5、confidence and self-control. Since teenage brains have not pletely developed, teens don't have the cognitive awareness and impulse (沖動)control to keep from posting inappropriate content. Furthermore, this content can easily be spread far and wide with disastrous influences. Social media can also fe

6、ed into girls' insecurities about their appearance, Ramsden said. These sites are often filled with images of people with body type unattainable to the normal person. However, these images and the messages tied to them gradually bee societal standards. [語篇解讀]　一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，英國少女的心理健康狀況變得更糟；分析表明，社交媒體時代的到來

7、可能是造成英國少女心理壓力加大的主要因素。 1．The statistics in the second paragraph show that . A．more and more children in Britain have mental health problems B．few girls in Britain suffered from psychological stress in 2005 C．more boys in Britain are suffering from mental pressure now D．more Britis

8、h girls feel psychologically stressed than boys do now 解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句可知，調(diào)查顯示，2014年37%的英國少女有心理壓力，而2005年只有34%；根據(jù)第二段的第二句可知，同期調(diào)查顯示，英國少年有心理壓力的從2005年的17%降到2014年的15%。據(jù)此可以判斷，英國少女有心理壓力的數(shù)量比少年多，故D項(xiàng)正確。 答案：D 2．Contrary to traditional ways of interaction, social media . A．helps teenagers de

9、velop qualities like confidence and self-control B．has many negative effects on girls' characteristic development C．makes teens aware of potential danger of the inappropriate content D．teaches girls to care about their appearance to meet societal standards 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的最后一句“Furthe

10、rmore，this content can easily be spread far and wide with disastrous influences.”和最后一段第一句的“Social media can also feed into girls' insecurities about their appearance”可知，由于青少年的思想還不成熟，自控能力有限，社交媒體對英國少女的心理健康和她們對外表美丑的判斷產(chǎn)生了消極的影響。故B項(xiàng)正確。 答案：B 3．The underlined word “advent” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced b

11、y “ ”． A．a(chǎn)rrival　　　　　 B．end C．disappearance D．invention 解析：詞義猜測題。結(jié)合該段內(nèi)容和下文關(guān)于傳統(tǒng)交流方式和社交媒體的比較可知，報(bào)告的作者指出，“社交媒體時代的到來”可能是造成英國少女心理壓力增加的主要因素。據(jù)此可知，畫線詞義為“到來”，故A項(xiàng)正確。 答案：A B A teacher from Relax Kids in Tamworth, the UK, used two apples to show her students the damaging and often unseen consequence

12、s of bullying. And her post about the powerful lesson has gone viral. Rosie Dutton explained that during one of her classes she introduced two red apples to the children. What the kids didn't know was that prior to the lesson, Dutton had repeatedly dropped one of the apples on the floor. And yet, o

13、n the outside at least, both apples looked perfect.“I picked up the apple I'd dropped on the floor and started to tell the children how I disliked this apple, and that I thought it was disgusting, it was a horrible colour and the stem was just too short，”Dutton wrote. She then encouraged the studen

14、ts to do the same. Some of the children looked at her like she was “crazy”， but the students passed the apple around the circle, calling it names. Continuing the exercise, the teacher then passed the second apple around the circle. This apple, however, was showered with ments like “Your skin is bea

15、utiful！” and “What a beautiful colour you are！” Dutton then showed the students and both apples once again，highlighting that “there was no change, and both apples still looked the same.” That is, until she cut them open. “The apple we'd said unkind words to was bruised and all mushy inside，” she s

16、aid. There was，she said, an immediate “l(fā)ight bulb” moment for her students. “They really got it. What we saw inside that apple is what is happening inside everyone of us when someone mistreats us with their words or actions.” Dutton explained how important it is to teach children to stand up for on

17、e another, and to stop any form of bullying. “Let's create a generation of kind caring children，” the teacher wrote. “The tongue has no bones, but is strong enough to break a heart. So be careful with your words.” [語篇解讀]　本文為一篇記敘文。作者講述了一位老師用兩個蘋果給學(xué)生上了一節(jié)生動的有關(guān)倚強(qiáng)凌弱危害性的課。 4．What had the teacher done to

18、 the first apple before the lesson? A．She had introduced it to the kids. B．She had damaged it purposely. C．She had made it look perfect. D．She had coloured it brightly. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“What the kids didn't know was that prior to the lesson，Dutton had repeatedly dropped one of the apples on th

19、e floor.”可知答案為B項(xiàng)。 答案：B 5．What does the underlined part “calling it names” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Saying rude things. B．Making fun of it. C．Cheering for it. D．Shouting at it. 解析：詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第二句中的“said unkind words to”可知答案為A項(xiàng)(辱罵)。 答案：A 6．What did the teacher instruct the kids to do with the s

20、econd apple? A．Drop it. B．Praise it. C．Ignore it. D．Observe it. 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Your skin is beautiful！”and“What a beautiful colour you are！”可知那位老師讓那些孩子贊美第二個蘋果，故答案為B項(xiàng)。 答案：B 7．What's the purpose of the teacher's using two apples in class? A．To draw the kids' attention. B．To explain her person

21、al preferences. C．To make a parison between them. D．To help the kids understand the results of bullying. 解析：推理判斷題。由全文可知老師在班上用兩個蘋果的目的是幫助孩子們懂得倚強(qiáng)凌弱的危害，故答案為D項(xiàng)。 答案：D Ⅱ.閱讀七選五 You may have grown up living with sisters and brothers, or this may be your first time to share your living space with someon

22、e else.　1　 However, it can also be a great part of your college experience. Follow these tips to make sure you and your roommate keep things pleasant and supportive throughout the year. Be clear from the beginning. Maybe you hate it when someone interrupts you when you are sleeping every morning.

23、 Maybe you need ten minutes to yourself before talking to anyone after you wake up. 　2　 It's not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away, and municating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they bee problems. 　3　 This may seem simple, but it's probabl

24、y one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflicts. Don't you think he'll mind if you borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game? For all you know, you just stepped over the line. Don't borrow, use, or take anything without getting permission first. Be open to change. You should expect

25、to learn, grow and change during your time at school.　4　 As the term progresses, you should realize things will change for both of you. Be fortable addressing things that unexpectedly e up, setting new rules, and being flexible to your changing environment. Follow the golden rule. 　5　 No matter wh

26、at your relationship is at the end of the year, you can take fort knowing you acted like an adult and treated your roommate with respect. A．Respect your roommate's things. B．Let your roommate know about your preferences. C．Treat your roommate like you'd like to be treated. D．Living with a roomma

27、te is really a wonderful thing. E．Having a roommate surely has its challenges. F．You should correct your bad habits first. G．And the same should happen to your roommate, if all goes well. [語篇解讀]　本文為一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了在上學(xué)時和室友交往應(yīng)該注意的事項(xiàng)。 1．解析：根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的However可知，前后兩句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，由此可知答案為E項(xiàng)。 答案：E 2．解析：根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的“It'

28、s not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away，and municating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they bee problems.”可知，指望他們能立即察覺出你的喜好是不公平的。告知他們你的需要是在問題出現(xiàn)前就把問題解決掉的最佳方法之一，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。 答案：B 3．解析：本段作者告誡讀者在沒有得到室友允許的情況下，不能使用對方的東西。由此可見本段的主題是：要尊重室友的東西，故答案為A項(xiàng)。

29、答案：A 4．解析：設(shè)空處前的意思為：在校期間你應(yīng)該期望學(xué)習(xí)、成長和變化。設(shè)空處后的意思為：你應(yīng)該意識到，隨著這一學(xué)期逐漸過去，事情會隨你們變化。由此可推出答案為G項(xiàng)。 答案：G 5．解析：根據(jù)主題句中的“the golden rule”，再根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的內(nèi)容可知答案為C項(xiàng)。 答案：C Ⅲ.語法填空 When Dad told me I was going to take a scuba diver training course, I was really excited. I thought I'd be like those people on TV，1.

30、 (play) with fish. In the pool, Rob, my instructor, demanded that we do what he did. One of the drills 2. (be) to take our masks off at the bottom of the deep end，replace them， 3. clear them of water. I wasn't doing that because I couldn't open my eyes underwater or kee

31、p water out of my nose. I 4. (terrify) and made excuse after excuse about 5. I couldn't do it. Rob walked over and said, “Alaya, you don't have to do this if you don't want to. Nobody is forcing you.”Though I said I wasn't going to do it, my 6. (foot) carried me

32、toward the pool. With my eyes tightly 7. (close), I dived in and made my way to 8. other end. The water felt unnatural against my face. I 9. (quick) threw on my mask and started clearing it of water. Rob gave me thumbs up. I learned a big lesson: there is nothi

33、ng to fear but fear 10. (it)． [語篇解讀]　本文主要講述了作者初次學(xué)潛水的經(jīng)歷及感悟。 1．解析：考查非謂語動詞。play和句子謂語thought之間沒有連詞，故用非謂語動詞。play和句子主語I構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。 答案：playing 2．解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。與上文的demanded和本文的整體時態(tài)呼應(yīng)，此處用一般過去時。 答案：was 3．解析：考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，take off，replace和clear是三個連續(xù)的動作，故用連詞and。 答案：and 4．解析：be terrified表示“感到害

34、怕”，再結(jié)合下文的made可知，應(yīng)填was terrified。 答案：was terrified 5．解析：考查連接詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示邏輯上的因果關(guān)系，故用why引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在從句中作原因狀語。 答案：why 6．解析：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。foot是可數(shù)名詞，且沒有被冠詞修飾，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 答案：feet 7．解析：考查非謂語動詞。此處是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即：with＋名詞/代詞＋非謂語動詞，在句子中作狀語。close和其邏輯主語my eyes構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞形式。 答案：closed 8．解析：考查冠詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“另一端”，故用定冠詞the。 答案：the 9．解析：考查副詞。應(yīng)用副詞quickly修飾動詞。 答案：quickly 10．解析：考查代詞。此處應(yīng)填代詞itself作第二個fear的同位語，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。 答案：itself