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1、選擇題專練卷四 (共4頁(yè)，滿分65分) Ⅰ.單項(xiàng)填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分) 請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 1．(2020·南京師大附中二模)It is of great importance ________ parents say and do in family life, which may have a life-long effect on their children. A．what　 　B．that　 　C．how　 　D．why 2．(2020·蘇北四市聯(lián)考)After the death

2、of her mother, the girl was sold to a rich man just in the neighboring area, from ________ house she tried to escape twice. A．whom B．his C．whose D．which 3．(2020·徐州高三調(diào)研)—Mum, Dad ought to stop working? —Yes, he has a bad headache because he ________ too long. A．read B．has been reading C

3、．had read D．is reading 4．(2020·鹽城高三二模)Ding Junhui plays ________ Gary Wilson in the semifinal of the 2020 World Snooker China Open in Beijing, April 4, 2020. A．over B．for C．a(chǎn)gainst D．with 5．(2020·揚(yáng)州第二次調(diào)研)—I’m afraid the project may be several days behind schedule due to bad weather. —

4、Don’t worry. Three more assistants will be ______ in no time at all. A．a(chǎn)t your convenience B．a(chǎn)t your command C．a(chǎn)t your risk D．a(chǎn)t your request 6．(2020·南京三校聯(lián)考)________ human beings use it in a wrong way, like we did with nuclear technology, the advancement of science and technology has never le

5、d to decline of human development. A．While B．Unless C．As long as D．Before 7．(2020·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)高三調(diào)研)—Mr. Johnson, ______ a second chance, I will finish the task as planned. —OK, don’t let me down this time. A．giving B．given C．to give D．give 8．(2020·徐州4月月考)It wasn’t ________ he took off his ma

6、sk ________ I recognized he should be a famous film star. A．when; that B．until; when C．until; that D．when; then 9．(2020·常州高三二模)Why ________ you leave with Lucas now? There are still two days left before you go to work and you can stay with us for more time. A．should B．shall C．could D．

7、must 10．(2020·蘇北四市第一次聯(lián)考)In the capital Kathmandu, thousands of people ________the night on pavements, in parks and open fields in chilly temperatures before they returned to their collapsed homes. A．would spend B．were spending C．spent D．had spent 11．(2020·南通高三調(diào)研)To the public’s delight, a la

8、rge number of government officials who ________ their power have been well punished. A．ignored B．a(chǎn)bused C．obtained D．countered 12．(2020·鎮(zhèn)江高三模擬)Puzzled by this strange natural phenomenon, the scientists started to explore every ________ they knew to figure it out. A．impression B．intention

9、C．a(chǎn)venue D．design 13．(2020·淮安中學(xué)4月檢測(cè))You get a lot of criticism, but you just have to carry on ________. A．nevertheless B．fairly C．regardless D．sincerely 14．(2020·徐州市考前信息卷)My best friend who saved the two drowning boys from the freezing river is a kind and brave person, ________ that is wor

10、th respecting for ever. A．that B．one C．it D．what 15．(2020·泰州高三模擬)—I’ll repeat the address：758 Maple Street. Maple, M-A-P-L-E. —________. Thank you. A．Got it B．I’d love to C．Never do it again D．Of course Ⅱ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分) 請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 (2020·南京高三學(xué)情調(diào)研

11、)Years ago, I had the opportunity to conduct a seminar. This was a motivational one basically designed to __16__ people in changing their lives, __17__ their personal barriers in life. It was always __18__ to meet the seminar attendees. Some of them couldn’t wait to get started, others were __19__

12、about what they would get for their money, and others attended __20__ often being forced by pressure. This last group was always the most __21__ to work with. They sit there with __22__ crossed, rarely participating in any of the specific exercises meant to help them build positive behavior to __23

13、__ old habits and thoughts. In the end, I started to look through the evaluations paying particular attention to find the form submitted by one of the attendees who had seemingly __24__ less attentiveness. To my disappointment, in this __25__， there was no form. I left that day thinking that I had

14、__26__ this person. As I __27__ my preparation for the next seminar afterwards, one day I received a phone call — it was the __28__ attendee who had not submitted the evaluation form! My immediate __29__ was to prepare for a request for a total refund (退款)． It was not the case, __30__. He took his

15、 time to tell me how much the seminar had already helped him change his ways, and how much more comfortable he was with himself now that he knew how to overcome his own personal barriers __31__ success both personally and professionally. I was surprised and glad to be __32__ to him. Actually we all

16、 have power to affect the __33__ of others, but this power can also be negative if you use it wrongly or improperly. Power — you all have it — use it __34__ because you never know what impact you have on other people even when you think __35__. 16．A.rescue B．a(chǎn)ssist C．sponsor D．treat 17．A.brea

17、king down B．working against C．breaking through D．working out 18．A.fascinating B．frightening C．incredible D．mysterious 19．A.conscious B．explicit C．roundabout D．skeptical 20．A.willingly B．reluctantly C．voluntarily D．naturally 21．A.inspiring B．daring C．challenging D．shockin

18、g 22．A.hands B．wrinkles C．smiles D．a(chǎn)rms 23．A.impress B．conquer C．twist D．spin 24．A.displayed B．paid C．clarified D．requested 25．A.court B．case C．guilt D．generation 26．A.succeeded B．managed C．a(chǎn)nticipated D．failed 27．A.went about B．turned over C．put away D．set off 2

19、8．A.arbitrary B．bored C．very D．suspected 29．A.reaction B．feeling C．effort D．mind 30．A.but B．a(chǎn)lthough C．though D．while 31．A.to B．beyond C．opposite D．a(chǎn)gainst 32．A.hopeful B．helpful C．handy D．holy 33．A.gesture B．function C．emotion D．behavior 34．A.wisely B．foolishly

20、 C．regularly D．constantly 35．A.additionally B．a(chǎn)like C．otherwise D．overall Ⅲ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) 請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A (2020·江蘇名校聯(lián)考)The Internet of Things (IoT) (物聯(lián)網(wǎng)) aims to get everything and everyone talking. Attaching sensors to “things”， such as cows, cars an

21、d refrigerator, and then assigning them unique IP addresses allow them to “talk” to the Internet. Of course, the IoT will involve much more than a handful of sensors. Networking company Cisco estimates that 50 billion Internet-connected devices and objects will be sending over data by 2020. Speci

22、fic Benefits The IoT will allow people to track things and processes like never before. Airplane manufacturers will be able to continuously track the condition of airplane parts， allowing them to do preventive maintenance and avoid costly downtime. Consumers could install smart meters in their home

23、s to monitor energy usage and observe energy price changes in real time. That would allow people to adjust their habits and use electrical appliances during lower-priced hours. Some fears Some critics fear that the IoT could end up being a fashion that people lose interest in over time. Having T

24、witter feeds on refrigerator doors may sound cool at first， but the attraction could fade as quickly as the excitement over last year’s smartphone！ Other critics are doubtful if companies making Internet-connected appliances will provide long-term software updates. If that happens， a refrigerator or

25、 washing machine that should last 10 years or more could last two or three due to software that’s outdated. A Positive Example Early this year， owner of the Tesla Model S electric car received a recall notice alerting them to a charger plug needing to be fixed. Amazingly， owners of the Model S

26、sat back while the company performed an “over the air”wireless update. Customers confirmed the update by tapping on the car’s touchscreen console to see that the Model S was running the latest software version. No trip to the dealer was required！,Perhaps Tesla’s remote fix is a sign of things to com

27、e. Someday soon， people’s lives might become a lot more efficient and convenient thanks to the IoT. 36．How do researchers get everything and everyone talking? A．By establishing the IoT and launching a handful of sensors. B．By connecting sensors with them and appointing them unique IP addresses.

28、 C．By communicating with them all the time through the IoT. D．By sending people to track them day and night and collect useful data. 37．What else do critics worry about the IoT besides its probably ending up being a fashion? A．People will lose interest in it as quickly as the thrill over last ye

29、ar’s smartphone. B．Refrigerators and washing machines will be replaced by other devices in a few years. C．Whether related companies will provide long-term software updates or not. D．The software provided by companies will be outdated easily and quickly. 38．According to the passage, when owners o

30、f the Telsa Model S electric received a recall notice, they _________________________________________________________________. A．just waited in the car while the maintenance is being done through wireless update B．were required to go to the nearest 4S store to make some adjustments or repairs C．c

31、ould definitely depend on the IoT to send them the charger plug to be fixed D．had to confirm the update with the help of the equipment provided by the company B (2020·揚(yáng)州中學(xué)質(zhì)檢)The new Swedish gender-neutral (性別中立的) word “hen” was introduced at two Stockholm nurseries in 2020. It is used for describ

32、ing either male or female, or someone not wanting to be described with those terms. Today “hen” is frequently used by Swedish children and adults alike. Now other European countries are joining the gender-neutrality trend. “Fourteen major retailers (零售商) have made changes since we started our campa

33、ign almost two years ago，” reports Tricia Lowther, a mother-of-one in northern England and a member of the Let Toys Be Toys initiative, which lobbies for gender-neutral toy aisles. “They’ve taken down boys’ and girls’ signs. The blue and pink aisles remain, but things are happening.” The retailer

34、s doing away with boys’ and girls’ toy signs are major ones indeed: Tesco, Sainsbury’s, Morrisons, Boots. Marks & Spencer has gone even further, making its toy labelling gender-neutral. In the efforts to achieve gender equality in the children world, no country has gone as far as Sweden. The nurser

35、ies that first introduced “hen” still use it, and others have joined them. “All children should be able to wear what they want. Dresses are not just for girls. And pink is a beautiful colour that should be available to everybody，” says Maria Hulth of a gender equality consulting firm. “Sweden is re

36、ally the pioneer，” says Lann Hornscheidt, a professor of gender studies. “No other country has made such an effort to break down gender barriers among children.” Though there are no official statistics regarding the number of Swedish nurseries using “hen”， Maria Hulth notes that individual teach

37、ers now often opt to use “hen” even when it’s not the nursery’s policy. But, she notes, “Swedish nurseries’ and primary schools’ gender-neutral efforts don’t end at the neutral word. They’re putting a lot of effort into avoiding words like boys and girls, instead just saying ’children’．” To its sup

38、porters, Sweden’s nursery world of “hen” and pink-for-all is a civil rights heaven. But, Dr David Eberhard argues that a new word won’t change the fact that the vast majority of people identify either as men or women. “Whatever you choose to call people, the biological differences between men and wo

39、men remain，” he notes. “We should treat each other with respect, but ignoring biological gender differences is crazy. Making us the same won’t create more equality.” He thinks boys should be allowed to play with dolls — and girls with cars — if they like to. “But，” he adds, “calling them hen instead

40、 of him or her? That’s child cruelty.” Given that Sweden is the world’s fourth most gender-equal country, as measured in the World Economic Forum’s latest gender gap report (only Iceland, Finland and Denmark score higher), practices like the use of “hen” suggest an already progressive country tryin

41、g to fix a minor problem. “Far from it, the gender gap creates poverty among women，” argues Hornscheidt. “Movements like the use of ’hen’ are all part of an effort to create a more just world.” 39．The author mentions some major retailers in Paragraph 2 to show ________. A．the influence of the gen

42、der-neutral campaign B．these retailers’ efforts to promote toy sales C．the importance of making boys and girls equal D．the varieties of toys for children to choose from 40．The underlined word “opt” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “________”． A．hesitate B．prefer C．pretend D．refus

43、e 41．Which of the following would Lann Hornscheidt most probably agree with? A．Both men and women should wear pink clothes to show equality. B．Kids and adults will stay equal if they both use the word “hen”． C．Sweden has taken the lead in advocating the real gender equality. D．There are no biol

44、ogical gender differences between men and women. 42．What is the purpose of the passage? A．To seek a new solution to gender inequality. B．To introduce a new development in gender equality. C．To stress the significance of Sweden’s gender neutral movement. D．To compare Sweden’s education with that

45、 of other European countries. C (2020·常州一中高三模擬)By 2050, a completely new type of human evolve as a result of extremely new technology, behavior, and natural selection. This is according to Cadell Last, a researcher at the Global Brain Institute, who claims mankind is undergoing a major “evolutiona

46、ry transition”． In less than four decades, Mr Last claims we will live longer, have children in old age and rely on artificial intelligence to do ordinary and boring tasks. This shift is so significant, he claims, it is comparable to the change from monkeys to apes, and apes to humans. “Your 80 or

47、100 is going to be so radically different than your grandparents，”Mr Last says, who believes we will spend much of our time living in virtual reality. Some evolutionary scientists believe this age could be as high as 120 by 2050. Mr Last claims humans will also demonstrate delayed_sexual_maturation

48、,_according to a report by Christina Sterbenz in Business Insider. This refers to something known as life history theory which attempts to explain how natural selection shapes key events in a creature’s life, such as reproduction. It suggests that as brain sizes increase, organisms need more energy

49、and time to reach their full potential, and so reproduce less. Instead of living fast and dying younger, Mr Last believes humans will live slow and die old. “Global society at the moment is a complete mess，” he told MailOnline. “But in crisis there is opportunity, and in apocalypse (啟示) there can b

50、e transformation. So I think the next system humanity creates will be far more sophisticated, fair, and abundant than our current civilization.” “I think our next system will be as different from the modern world, as our contemporary world is from the medieval (中世紀(jì)的) world. The biological clock is

51、n’t going to be around forever，” he added, and said that people could pause it for some time using future technology. The change is already happening. Today, the average age at which a woman in Britain has her first baby has been rising steadily stands at 29.8. In the US, just one percent of first

52、children were born to women over the age of 35 in 1970. By 2020, that figure rose to 15 percent. “As countries become socioeconomically advanced, more and more people, especially women have the option to engage in cultural reproduction，” Mr Last added. And as well as having more child-free years to

53、 enjoy leisure time, he believes artificial intelligence will make up the need for low-skill jobs. We may also spend a large amount of time living in virtual reality. “I’m not quite sure most people have really absorbed the implications of this possibility，” Mr Last said. His views are detailed in

54、a paper, titled Human Evolution, Life History Theory, and the End of Biological Reproduction published in Current Aging Science. 43．According to Cadell Last, a completely new type of human will appear because of________. ①artificial intelligence?、趎ew technology　③natural selection?、躮undane tasks　

55、⑤behavior A．②③⑤ B．①②③ C．③④⑤ D．①②⑤ 44．Which statement is compared by Mr Last to the change from monkeys to apes, and apes to humans? A．We have diseases and die young. B．We give birth to a child when we are young. C．We spend less time in virtual reality. D．We use intelligent robots to do

56、everyday housework. 45．The underlined words in the third paragraph most probably mean “________”． A．organisms need more energy and time to ripen B．natural selection shapes key events C．reproduction D．reproduce less 46．In the next system Mr Last explained we can infer that women are engaged in

57、 ________. A．careers or hobbies instead of giving birth to babies B．playing computer games rather than working C．cultural reproduction in place of men D．living in virtual reality without options D (2020·無錫高三模擬)Six people have kept themselves inside a white dome in Hawaii to have an eight-month

58、 test of how their mental health might experience during a mission to Mars. The NASA-funded project involves three men and three women who have no access to fresh food and limited access to Internet that requires 20-minute intervals between click and response, as it might be in deep space. They a

59、re allowed to step outside their igloo-like enclosure — which measures 11 meters in diameter and six meters tall — only if wearing a space suit. “We are surrounded by basaltic lava (玄武巖火山石) and living on the slopes of Mauna Loa where there is little evidence of plant or animal life，” wrote crew mem

60、ber Jocelyn Dunn, a doctor at Purdue University’s School of Industrial Engineering, after her first day in the dome on October 17. “The training wheels are coming off as our new reality is setting in，” Dunn wrote on her blog, http：// fivestarview. blogspot. com, which she plans to update throughout

61、 the mission. NASA is spending DS| 1.2 million on a series of three such projects known as Hawaii Space Exploration Analog and Simulation (HI-SEAS) to determine the potential risks of sending people together to spend long periods on a distant planet. NASA is aiming for a human mission to Mars by t

62、he 2030s, but experts are still not sure if humans can withstand the radiation that the journey would involve. It could take eight months to reach the Red Planet, not to mention time spent on it with a thin atmosphere and no known food source, followed by an attempt at returning to Earth. One rece

63、nt study found that with the current limits of technology, adventurers to Mars would start dying in 68 days. Another study this week said the risk of radiation-induced cancer would limit any trip to one year. NASA considers it just as important to study whether people’s mental states could hold up

64、under the pressure of a Mars journey, said principal investigator Kim Binsted. Both crew psychology and radiation are considered “red risks” for Mars, “which means essentially, until we solve these problems, we are not going，” Binsted told AFP. Binsted is coordinating the experiment from the outsid

65、e the dome. Those inside are healthy, educated people in their 20s and 30s, each with a keen interest in science and space. “It is kind of the opposite of a reality show. We select against drama.” explained Binsted. “We try to pick a crew that will get along with each other. We pick generally level-

66、headed and easy-going people.” They include Allen Mirkadyrov, an aerospace engineer for and Neil Scheibelhut, a microbiologist and former soldier in Iraq. Sophie Milam is an expert in robotics who is pursuing a master’s degree in engineering, and Zak Wilson is a mechanical engineer. The commander is Canadian-born Martha Lenio, who earned a doctor degree in engineering and has worked in the sustainable building industry, according to her biography. As time wears on, experts want to see how they