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,動(dòng)詞過去分詞和動(dòng)詞不定式及動(dòng)詞的-ing形式稱為非謂語動(dòng)詞，是高中階段學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，也是高考的?？純?nèi)容之一。學(xué)習(xí)過去分詞時(shí)應(yīng)該注意以下幾點(diǎn)：一、了解過去分詞的基本概念。二、掌握過去分詞的基本的用法。三、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞及不定式在具體應(yīng)用時(shí)的區(qū)別。,觀察下列句子，注意黑體字部分在句中的成分及作用 ①He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)水是從被倫敦排出的臟水污染了的河里來的。 ②But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 但當(dāng)他想到要幫助那些得了霍亂病的普通百姓時(shí)，他感到很振奮。,句①中的黑體字部分在句中作定語。句②中的黑體字部分在句中作表語。,,,,,Ⅰ.過去分詞作定語 1. 不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞一般作前置定語，被修飾詞與過去分詞之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，但表示動(dòng)作的完成，相當(dāng)于謂語為完成時(shí)的定語從句。 ①an escaped prisoner = a prisoner who has escaped 一名逃犯 ②developed countries = countries that have developed發(fā)達(dá)國家 ③the risen sun=the sun which has risen升起的太陽,,,,,,,2. 單個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞一般作前置定語；及物動(dòng)詞短語的過去分詞作定語要放在被修飾詞之后。被修飾詞與過去分詞之間為被動(dòng)及完成的關(guān)系，相當(dāng)于謂語為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的定語從句。 ①He is a respected teacher. 他是位受人尊敬的老師。 ②Teenagers exposed to (=who are exposed to) violence and sex on TV or on the Internet are more likely to commit crimes. 接觸暴力和色情電視節(jié)目和網(wǎng)絡(luò)內(nèi)容的青少年極容易犯罪。,,,,,,,,,,,Ⅱ. 過去分詞作表語 過去分詞作表語，常放在系動(dòng)詞be，get，become，grow，turn，remain，seem，appear，feel，look之后，這時(shí)候的過去分詞常已具備形容詞的特點(diǎn)，很多詞的前面可以用quite，very，rather等副詞修飾，后面常可以接at，with，about等介詞，說明主語所處的狀態(tài)。,①The hall was crowded with (擠滿) refugees. ②Most of middle school students are interested in (對……感興趣)pop stars and NBA star players. ③He appeared (looked, felt )a little excited when he saw his boss. 當(dāng)他見到他的老板時(shí)，他顯得(看上去/感到)有點(diǎn)激動(dòng)。,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,④The river is badly polluted. 這條河受到了嚴(yán)重的污染。(系表結(jié)構(gòu)) ⑤The river was polluted by a paper mill. 這條河被一家造紙廠污染了。(被動(dòng)語態(tài)),1. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 ①Used plastic can be recycled and reused. →Plastic that is used can be recycled and reused. ②The plan that was put forward by the Trade Union was constructive. →The plan put forward by the Trade Union was constructive.,,,,,,,,,,,③Things that are seen are mightier than things that are heard. →Things seen are mightier than things heard. ④You must drink boiled water, or you can buy bottled water. →You must drink water that has boiled, or you can buy water that is bottled.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2. 根據(jù)英語及漢語提示完成句子 ①Those who were wounded in the fight (打架受傷的那些人) were sent to hospital at once. (those) ②The truck was blocked by a fallen tree (被一棵倒下的樹擋住了). (fall) ③For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit grown on his own farm (自己農(nóng)場里種植的). (grow),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3. 單項(xiàng)填空 ①The players _____from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. ［2011湖南高考］ A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected 【解析】選C?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞。句意：這些從全國挑選出來的選手都被期待在這次夏季賽事中為我們帶來榮譽(yù)。the players與select是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。,②Throughout history, the language______ by a powerful group spreads across a civilization. A. speaking B. spoken C. to speak D. to be spoken 【解析】選B。考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：縱觀歷史，一個(gè)強(qiáng)大群體使用的語言傳播著一種文明。spoken by a powerful group是過去分詞短語作后置定語，修飾the language，the language與speak之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。,③In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained _____ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. ［2010福建高考］ A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck 【解析】選B。remain是系動(dòng)詞，后接過去分詞短語stuck abroad作表語，表明主語所處的狀態(tài)。句意為：由于火山灰云的原因，四月份仍有數(shù)千度假者滯留在國外。,④He looked at me with an____ look. Obviously he was____. A. interested；interested B. interesting；interested C. interested；interesting D. interesting；interesting 【解析】選A。考查interest的非謂語形式作定語和表語。interesting“有趣的”，interested“感興趣的”。由句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。,4. 根據(jù)漢語釋義完成句子 ①老師對他的回答感到非常滿意。 The teacher was very satisfied with his answer. ②他對考試的結(jié)果很失望。 He was disappointed at the result of the examination. ③他一生致力于科學(xué)研究。 He was devoted to scientific research all his life.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,④他的女兒嫁給了一位有錢人。 His daughter was married to a rich man. ⑤他害怕獨(dú)自一人進(jìn)入那個(gè)空房子。 He was frightened of going alone into the empty house.,,,,,,,,,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學(xué)們,來學(xué)校和回家的路上要注意安全,