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假設(shè)你是李華，準備參加學校舉辦的主題為“健康成長”的英語作文比賽。請按要求寫一篇短文，主要內(nèi)容包括： 1.樂觀的人生態(tài)度；2.努力學習； 3.參加體育鍛煉。 范文背誦 We all want to grow up happily and healthily, and for this goal we must do several things. Life consists of not only sunshine but also hardships. Firstly, we should develop a positive attitude to life and be brave in front of difficulties. A positive attitude can help us overcome difficulties and lead us to success. Secondly, we must study hard because knowledge is power. If we have the power, we can help to build our country and enjoy life better. In order to study well, we need to do sports so that we can keep fit. We can go running, play ball games or simply take a walk after a day’s study. If we do those things well, we will be able to grow up happily and healthily.,句型背誦 ①Life consists of not only sunshine but also hardships. ②In order to study well, we need to do sports so that we can keep fit. ③If we do those things well, we will be able to grow up happily and healthily.,1. ______ n.日常飲食 → ______ vi. 節(jié)食 2. ______ vt. 平衡；權(quán)衡;n.天平；平衡 → ______ adj.平衡的 3. ______ n. 好奇心 → ______ adj. 好奇的 4. ______ n.女主人；女主持人 → ______ n.主人；東道主 5. ______ vi.說謊;n. 謊話；謊言→ ______ (過去式；過去分詞)→ ______ vi. 躺→ ______ （過去式）→ ______ （過去分詞） 6. ______ n. 顧客；消費者 → ______ n. 風俗；習慣→ ______ n. 海關(guān) 7. ______ n. 缺點；弱點；虛弱→ ______ adj. 虛弱的；軟弱的 → ______ v. （使）衰弱；變?nèi)?8. ______ n.強項；長處；力量 → ______ adj. 有力氣的；健壯的→ ______ v.加強 9. ______ vt.限制；限定;n.界限；限度 → ______ adj.有限的 10. ______n.利益;好處;vt.受益→ _____ adj.有益的 11. ______ vt.& vi.（使）聯(lián)合；（使）結(jié)合 → ______ n. 結(jié)合；聯(lián)合→ ______ adj.聯(lián)合的,答案：1.diet; diet 2. balance; balanced 3. curiosity；curious 4. hostess；host 5. lie； lied；lie;lay；lain 6. customer；custom; customs 7. weakness； weak；weaken 8. strength； strong； strengthen 9. limit；limited 10. benefit； beneficial 11. combine；combination；combined 1. ______ diet 平衡膳食 2. ______ to 應該；應當 3. ______ weight 體重減輕；減肥 4.get ______ 被放過;（做壞事）不受懲罰 5. ______ a lie 說謊 6. ______.back 贏回；重新獲得 7. ______ one’s living 謀生 8. ______ debt 欠債,9.spy ______ 暗中監(jiān)視；偵查 10. ______ down 削減；刪節(jié) 11. ______ long 不久以后 12. ______ ______ weight 增加體重 13.be ______ at 對……感到驚訝 14. ______ at 怒目而視 15. ______ than 而不 16. ______ .nor. 既不……也不…… 答案：1. balanced 2. ought 3. lose 4. away with 5. tell 6. win 7. earn 8. in 9. on 10. cut 11. before 12. put on 13. amazed 14. glare 15. rather 16. neither 1. “Nothing ______ be better, ”he thought. 他想：“再沒有比這些更好吃的了?！?2. Something terrible ______ have happened. 一定發(fā)生了什么可怕的事情…… 3. ______ ______ her customers might get thin after eating Yong Hui’s food, they were not. 盡管顧客吃她的餐館里的飯會變得苗條，但他們…… 答案：1. could 2. must 3. Even though,1.balance n. 天平；平衡；結(jié)余，余額 vt.平衡，權(quán)衡 In what way is a laboratory balance different from a balance found in a store? 實驗室的天平與商店里的秤在什么方面有所不同? I lost my balance and fell.我失去平衡,摔了一跤。 Can you balance yourself on skates? 你穿冰鞋能保持平衡嗎? You have to balance the advantages of living in the country against the disadvantages. 你得權(quán)衡一下住在鄉(xiāng)下的好處和壞處。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： keep one’s balance 保持平衡 lose one’s balance 失去平衡 out of balance 不平衡 on balance 總的來說 a sense of balance 平衡感,【聯(lián)想拓展】 balanced adj.通常作定語，意為“保持平衡的; 顯示平衡的”。 【即學即練】 完成句子 ①人行道上結(jié)了冰, 要想不摔倒可不容易。 It is difficult to ______ ______ ______ on an icy pavement. ②她騎車因拐彎太快, 失去平衡而摔倒了。 She cycled too fast round the corner, ______ ______ ______ and fell off. 答案：①keep one’s balance ②lost her balance 單項填空 ③In education there should be a good ______ among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment. A.distribution B.balance C.combination D.assignment 解析：選B。balance 平衡；distribution分發(fā),分配,散布,分布；combination結(jié)合,聯(lián)合；assignment分配，功課，任務(wù)，被指定的（課外）作業(yè)；（分派的）任務(wù)，委派。由句意知，選B。,2. lie n.謊話，謊言 vi.說謊 It’s no wonder that she lied to the court.難怪她對法庭撒了謊。 【速記名片】 lie/lay的順口溜： “（lie）規(guī)則的是說謊（lie,lied,lied,lying）,(lie)不規(guī)則的是躺(lie,lay,lain,lying),躺(lie)過就下蛋(lay),下蛋(lay)不規(guī)則(lay,laid,laid,laying)”。 lie 過去式和過去分詞,規(guī)則變化時,意為“說謊”;不規(guī)則變時,意為“躺,位于”,在于……。躺的過去式lay還是“下蛋;放置”的動詞原形。該詞過去式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞分別為：laid—laid—laying。 【即學即練】 單項填空 There was an oil painting ______ in the corner.It ______ there for several days. （原創(chuàng)） A.laying; had laid B.lain; had laid C.lying; had lain D.laid; had been lain 解析：選C。第一空是“在于……”的現(xiàn)在分詞,第二空是過去完成時。,3. amount n.數(shù)量 vi. 合計，總計達，相當于，等同于 We need a small amount of fuel.我們需要少量的燃料。 What is the amount we owe them? 我們總共欠他們多少錢? The total cost of repairs amounted to $100.修理費用總計100美元。 Keeping what belongs to another amounts to stealing. 將他人之物占為己有等同于偷竊。 溫馨提示：amount to sth.總共達；相當于；等于。有關(guān)a large amount of 表示“大量的”短語梳理，參見必修一第三單元的a number of 的用法。 【即學即練】 單項填空 Because of ______ mail we receive，we may not be able to reply to your letter.Please remember to include your full name with your letter. A.a great many of B.a large number of C.a large amount of D.a great plenty of 解析：選C。mail郵件，不可數(shù)名詞。故用a large amount of。,4.benefit vt.&vi.受益；有益于；有助于 n.好處；利益 The rain benefits the plants. = The plants benefit from the rain. 這場雨有益于植物。 This dictionary will be of great benefit to me. 這本字典將對我有很大的好處。 溫馨提示：benefit 作vi.，意為“受益，得利，得益，得到好處”，常與by， from連用。 beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的；可享利益的。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： benefit sb.對某人有益 benefit from/by.從……受益，得益于…… for the benefit of.為了……的利益 be of (much/great )benefit to sb.= be benefit to sb. 對……有益 be of no benefit to sb.對某人沒有益處,【即學即練】 完成句子 ①這次坦率的談話使我們獲益匪淺。 We ______ ______ ______ this frank talk. ②為了公眾的利益，請不要隨地亂扔垃圾。 ______ ______ ______ ______ the public, do not litter. ③據(jù)說瑜伽對人體健康有很大好處。 It is said Yoga is of great ______ ______ human health. 答案：①benefited greatly by ②For the benefit of ③benefit to,bine vt.with,【易混辨析】 join/combine/unite/connect join側(cè)重把原來不相連接的事物緊密地連接在一起，但仍可再分開。也指把分散的人或幾個部分的人聯(lián)合起來，或加入到某團體中去。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：join up聯(lián)合起來；join.to/and.連接。 combine指兩個或兩個以上的人或物結(jié)合在一起；還指原來性質(zhì)或成分不同的東西合并成一體。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：combine with與……結(jié)合。 unite指聯(lián)合、團結(jié)、結(jié)合在一起，構(gòu)成一個整體。 connect 指兩事物在某一點相連接，但彼此又保持獨立。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：connect.to/with與……相連；be connected with與……有關(guān)系。 【即學即練】 單項填空 ③The two parties have ______ to form a new government. A.mixed B.combined C.joined D.formed 解析：選B。句意為：那兩個黨派合并組成了一個新政府。combine 指原來性質(zhì)或成分不同的東西合并成一體。,6.get away with被放走；（做）壞事不受懲罰 I won’t let him get away with that excuse. 我不會讓他用那種借口蒙混過去。 For such a serious offence he was lucky to get away with a fine. 他犯了那么嚴重的過失，卻僥幸只交罰款了事。 溫馨提示：get v.過去時：got；過去分詞：got/gotten。 當意思為“接到或得到（某物）”時不用被動語態(tài)。 其用法靈活，與不同的介詞構(gòu)成搭配。 【聯(lián)想拓展】 get across=put across(使)被理解，(把……)講清楚 get rid of擺脫；除掉 get away (from) (從)……脫離，逃脫…… get sb.down（使某人）沮喪或情緒低落 get in 到達；收獲；請……來 get in touch with 與……取得聯(lián)系 get out(of.) 出去，離開；逃脫，擺脫,get hold of 抓住 get on／along well with.與……相處得好，進展順利(多用進行時) get over 爬過……；克服(困難)；從……中恢復過來 get through 完成；花光(時間、錢等)；通過；接通電話 【即學即練】 完成句子 ①我們應該摒棄不良作風，保持優(yōu)良作風。 We should ______ ______ ______ the bad style and keep the good. ②他不太善于清楚地表達自己的思想。 He’s not very good at ______ his ideas ______. ③我正在設(shè)法與我的兄弟取得聯(lián)系。 I’m trying to ______ ______ ______ ______ my brother. ④他會從驚恐中恢復過來的。 He’ll ______ ______ the shock. 答案：①get rid of ②getting;across ③get in touch with ④get over,單項填空 ⑤—You’re coughing badly, Martin. Why not give up smoking? —Give up smoking? Easier said than done, Amy. Once you ______ the habit of smoking, it is very hard for you to ______ . A.keep up; break it away B.take up; drop it out C.pick up; get rid of it D.build up; do away with it 解析：選C?？疾閯釉~短語的辨析。keep up保持,繼續(xù),維持；break away脫開；離開；逃脫；take up拿起；開始；從事；吸??；接納；drop out退出；退學；pick up撿起；拾起；學會；get rid of擺脫；除掉；build up逐步建立；do away with廢除；去掉。,7.take off 從……中去掉，脫掉（衣服）；起飛；突然大受歡迎，迅速流行 Don’t take off your sweater. It’s cold here. 別脫掉毛衣，這里冷。 Her singing career took off after her TV appearance. 她在電視上亮相后歌唱事業(yè)得到迅速發(fā)展。 【聯(lián)想拓展】 take away 拿走；消除（感情，痛苦等） take back 收回，帶回；退貨 take down 拿下，記下； 拆除 take in 欺騙；吸收，理解 take it easy 不緊張，不急 take on 呈現(xiàn)，具有（特征、外觀等）；雇用 take out 拿出，取出；去掉 take over 接收，接管 take up 拿起；開始（從事）；繼續(xù)；占據(jù)（時/空間） take apart 拆開（機器等） take for 認為，以為，把……認為是,【即學即練】 完成句子 ①(諺)美名失去，生命不存。 ______ ______ my good name, take away my life. ②該公司已被美國一企業(yè)集團接管。 The firm has been ______ ______ by an American conglomerate. ③咱們把收音機拆開看看有什么毛病。 Let’s ______ the radio ______ and see what’s wrong with it. 答案：①Take away ②taken over ③take;apart 單項填空 ④With the advantages recognized, sales of home computers have ______ in recent years. A.taken off B.taken on C.taken up D.taken in 解析：選A。句意為：隨著電腦的好處被人們所認識，家用電腦的銷售近幾年非?；鸨?take off起飛，騰飛，有起色；take on呈現(xiàn)；take in吸收；take up占用。,8.“Nothing could be better,” he thought.（P10） 他想：“再沒有比這些更好吃的了?！?句中形容詞（或副詞）的比較級better（與否定詞）nothing 連用，表達最高級的含義。 —Did you sleep well last night? 你昨夜睡得好嗎？ —Never better, like a rock.從沒這么好過，睡得很死。 I think nothing is more pleasant than travelling. 我認為沒有比旅行更令人愉快的事了。 I can’t think of a better idea.我想不出一個更好的方法。 用法點撥： 否定詞no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等與比較級連用表示最高級的含義： ①never + 比較級； ②nothing /no +so+ 形容詞原級 + as; ③nothing /no +比較級 + than.,any other +單數(shù)名詞 any else ④比較級 +than+ all(the) other + 復數(shù)名詞 any of the other +復數(shù)名詞 the rest of +復數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞 【即學即練】 單項填空 Your story is perfect.I’ve never heard ______ before. A.the better one B.the best one C.a better one D.a good one 解析：選C。比較級與nothing, nobody, never等否定詞連用時，表示最高級的意義，意為“再……也不過了；沒有比……更……的了”。句中的比較對象是一個尚未出現(xiàn)的新人或新事物，故用不定冠詞a/an修飾。,9.He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!（P10） 他可不能讓雍慧哄騙人們后跑掉。 have sb.doing sth.讓某人做某事，表示一個持續(xù)的動作。放在否定句中表示不允許某人干某事。 He had me waiting for him for two hours.I can’t bear it any more! 他讓我等了兩個小時，我再也無法忍受了！ It’s rude of you to speak to father like that and I won’t have you speaking to father like that in future. 那樣跟父親說話很粗魯，今后我不會再容忍你那樣跟父親說話。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： have sb./sth.do sth.使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do之前加上to) have sb./sth.done sth.請人做某事(自己不去做或無法做)；(主語)遭受了不好的事情,【即學即練】 用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空 （原創(chuàng)） ①To my despair, the doctor ______ me ______ in the room for the whole afternoon.(have; wait) ②I ______ my watch ______ because it didn’t work.(have; repair) ③I can’t ______ him ______ noise all the time.(have; make) ④Yesterday Mum ______ Tim ______ his room since it was in a mess.(have；tidy) ⑤The woman ______ her handbag ______ yesterday.(have; rob) 答案：①had; waiting ②had; repaired ③have;making ④had; tidy ⑤had; robbed,10.I thought you were a new customer and now I know that you only came to spy on me and my menu,.（P14） 我本來以為你是一位新顧客，現(xiàn)在我才發(fā)現(xiàn)你只是過來打探我和我的菜譜的…… I thought/I didn’t know/I didn’t think表明說話人以前的想法，賓語從句隨之用過去時或過去將來時。 I never thought you would come to see me and bring me such a wonderful gift. 我根本沒想到你會來看我并給我?guī)硪粋€如此好的禮物。 【即學即練】 單項填空 Oh, it’s you.I ______ you ______ in this city. How long have you been here? A.don’t know; were B.hadn’t known; are C.haven’t known; are D.didn’t know; were 解析：選D。句意為：我不知道你在這座城市。I thought/I didn’t know/I didn’t think表明說話人以前的想法，賓語從句隨之用過去時或過去將來時。故選D。,Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1.C ______ drove me to follow the strange man with dark glasses into a lonely old house. 2.Most stores ask their assistants to look on c ______ as gods, but actually they don’t. 3.I am looking for a job in which I can c ______ my work with my interest. 4.In order to keep healthy, you’d better have a b ______ diet. 5.Each coin has two sides.Everyone has his advantages and w ______. 6.After the tiring climbing, my ______ (力氣) gave out. 7.When I arrived in America, I found my English was very ______ (有限的). 8.My mother is ______ (瞪著) at me, angrily and without saying anything. 9.The successful launch of Shenzhou Ⅶ must bring ______ (好處)to the development of space industry.,10.Stores will give a ______ (打折) for their VIP customers before important festivals. 答案：1. Curiosity 2. customers 3. combine 4. balanced 5. weaknesses 6. strength 7. limited 8. glaring 9. benefits 10. discount Ⅱ.用方框內(nèi)所給短語的適當形式填空 ought to/tell a lie/threw down/had better/do some research/be full of/hurry up/in debt/get away with/lose weight 1.Johnson lives a hard life, for he is ______. 2.How did he ______ cheating? 3.You ______ scrap the old bike and buy a new one. 4.She is dieting to ______. 5.In any case you mustn’t ______. 6.The workers ______ their tools and declared a strike. 7.You ______ take a raincoat. 8.I’m going to the library to ______ . 9.Don’t worry.You’ll ______ energy in a few days.,10.I wish the bus would ______ and come. 答案：1.in debt 2. get away with 3. ought to 4. lose weight 5. tell a lie 6. threw down 7.had better 8.do some research 9. be full of 10. hurry up Ⅲ.完成句子 1.Thieves ______ ______ ______ （偷走了）computer equipment worth ＄30,000. 2.Reading more books ______ ______ ______ ______ （很有好處）children. 3.You should try to ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ （把鍛煉與健康飲食結(jié)合起來）. 4.The naughty boy caused his teacher ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ （許多麻煩）. 5.My brother ______ ______ ______ ______ （讓水在流著）all the time. 6.Your father is ______ ______ ______ （負債累累）. 7.We’ll finish the work ______ ______ （不久）.,8.I was ordered to ______ ______ （刺探）the information of a firm. 9.He ______ ______ ______ （對我怒目而視）like a bull at a red rag. 10.Tom used to ______ ______ ______ （謀生）by delivering milk. 答案：1. got away with 2. is of great benefit to 3. combine exercise with a healthy diet 4. a great amount of trouble 5. has the water running 6. deeply in debt 7.before long 8.spy on 9.glared at me 10.earn his living Ⅳ.單項填空 1.No chocolate for me —I’m ______ a diet. A.at B.in C.on D.with 解析：選C。考查考固定搭配。on a diet意為“節(jié)食”。故選C。,2.The child said that he had ______ the pen on the desk, but I thought he ______ to me. A.laid; lied B.lain; lie C.lied; lain D.lied; lied 解析：選A。考查lie與lay的用法區(qū)別。句意為：那孩子說他把鋼筆放在書桌上了，但是我認為他對我撒了謊。lay意為“放置”，過去分詞為laid; lie作“說謊”講時,其過去式及過去分詞均為lied。故選A。 3.My brother is on a special ______ to lose ______ weight. A.food; / B.food; his C.diet; / D.diet; his 解析：選C。food指“食物”，泛指任何能吃且有營養(yǎng)的東西，為不可數(shù)名詞；diet指“日常飲食”，特指維持健康的定質(zhì)或定量的食物，為可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)句意，第一個空應為“在節(jié)食”，應用be on a diet; lose weight是固定短語，意為“減肥”。故選C。 4.There are lots of ______ in my bookshop. A.visitors B.guests C.customers D.passengers 解析：選C。書店里應與“顧客；消費者”對應。visitor游客；guest賓客；passenger乘客。,5.One may never know the ______ of knowledge without being educated. A.power B.force C.energy D.strength 解析：選A。 the power of knowledge 知識的力量。force主要指外力；energy 精力；能量；strength （人的）力量；（物的）強度。由句意知應選A。 6.I don’t know how he managed to ______ cheating in the exam. A.get away with B.get away from C.get out of D.get behind with 解析：選A。句意為:我不知道他是怎么做到在考試中作弊而沒受懲罰的。get away with指（做錯事）未受懲罰。get away from偏離;get out of逃避;擺脫;get behind with落后;拖欠。由句意知應選A。 7.You could have seen from his face that he had ______ to you. A.lied B.lay C.laid D.lain 解析：選A。lie作“撒謊”之意時，其過去式和過去分詞為規(guī)則變化，都是lied。,8.I struggled to ______ on my new skates. A.keep my balance B.off balance C.lose my balance D.on balance 解析：選A。keep one’s balance保持平衡；off balance失去平衡；on balance總的說來。句意為：我穿著新溜冰鞋，努力保持平衡。故選A。 9.My mother bought a new skirt for me at a ______ yesterday. A.discount B.bargain C.pay D.cost 解析：選A。句意為：昨天我媽媽給我買了件打折的新裙子。at a discount意為“打折”，是固定短語。bargain便宜貨；砍價；pay薪水；工資；cost費用；成本；代價。 10.The child shows curiosity ______ everything around him. A.of B.on C.about D.at 解析：選C。show curiosity about為固定搭配，意為“對……表現(xiàn)出好奇心”。,11.The experts consulted ______ each other ______ how to reduce the loss caused by the earthquake in Sichuan. A.with; about B.to; on C.for; at D.with; with 解析：選A。consult with sb. about sth.意為“就某事與某人商量”。句意為：專家們就如何減少四川大地震造成的損失而互相商量。 12.If your knowledge can be in some way ______ with my experience, we are sure to succeed. A.joined B.connected C.united D.combined 解析：選D。考查動詞辨析。句意為：如果把你的知識與我的經(jīng)驗結(jié)合在一起，我們一定能成功。combine指兩個或多個非物質(zhì)的事物相互融合；join強調(diào)把分離的東西合并為一體；unite強調(diào)聯(lián)合后形成新的整體，統(tǒng)一行動；connect指兩個不同的、分離著的事物在某一點上相互接觸，但各自仍保持原有的獨立性。,13.Why are you spying ______ me all the time? What do you want to spy ______ ? A.on; out B.for; for C.on; for D.on; on 解析：選A?？疾閯釉~spy的用法。句意為:你為什么一直監(jiān)視我？你想查清什么？spy on sb./ sth.暗中監(jiān)視;spy sth.out查明,弄清楚。 14.After ten years of hard work, they at last got ______. A.out of debt B.into debt C.in debt D.out of debts 解析：選A。get out of debt還清債務(wù)；get into debt 背上債務(wù)。句意為：經(jīng)過十年的艱辛勞作，他們終于還清了債務(wù)。因此可排除B、C兩項，D項的表達形式錯誤。 15.Harry has been out work for six months, so he has difficult ______. A.earning livings B.earning his living C.to earn livings D.to earn his living 解析：選B?？疾槎陶Z用法。have difficulty(in) doing sth.是固定短語，意為“做某事有困難”；earn one’s living謀生。句意為：哈利已經(jīng)失業(yè)六個月了，因此他謀生有困難。,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,同學們,來學校和回家的路上要注意安全,