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課時12 短文改錯（二）-句法和行文邏輯錯誤 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Todays modern life discourages people from taking time to prepare their own meals. Eating in the car and grabbing a quick bite in a restaurant are ever more popular ways of dining. It takes a little extra effort and time to cook your own food， but its a worthwhile pursuit (追求) that can benefit your health， wallet and family. People across the country are waking up to the fact that the food offered by most fast food restaurants isnt particularly healthy. While these restaurants have made attempts lately to add healthier meals to their menus， its still a_far_cry_from a dish cooked with fresh ingredients and personal care. Nutritionists who study what is called “the French paradox”—meaning the fact that French people have low obesity rates despite their diet containing lots of “unhealthy” ingredients such as eggs and butter—partially account for this circumstance by the fact that many French people use fresh ingredients. Taking time to eat at a leisurely pace also helps you get better nutrition and you are less likely to pack on the pounds. Even a quick meal will usually cost at least five dollars per person at a restaurant. Compare this to the amount of pasta， vegetables or meat available for the same amount at your grocer， and it quickly becomes apparent that the cost of eating out adds up. Experimenting with new ingredients or foreign recipes will encourage children to try new foods and learn about dishes from around the world. Many couples also find that preparing a meal together can be a romantic experience equal to dinner in a classy， lowlit restaurant. Make sure to spend mealtimes talking and sharing events from the day and you may find its a great way to get to know your family better. [語篇解讀]　本文是說明文，主要講述的是在家做飯的一些好處。 1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1？ A.Fast food does great harm to people. B.More people prefer dining out today. C.Therere different reasons for dining out. D.Many people still approve of cooking at home. 解析：考查推理判斷。從第一段可知，現(xiàn)代生活節(jié)奏加快，人們多選擇在外就餐，而在家做飯雖然費時費力，但卻值得去做，因為這有許多好處。由此可以推斷出，人們在家做飯不像以往那么普遍了，即外出就餐的人數(shù)增多。 答案：B 2.The underlined phrase “a far cry from” in Paragraph 2 can be replaced by “________”. A.different from　　　　　 B.absent from C.equal to D.superior to 解析：考查詞義猜測。從第二段的內(nèi)容可知，雖然飯店努力往菜單上增加健康食品，但這依然不同于在家做飯，因為后者可以使用新鮮食材，而且可以精心烹飪，所以a far cry from的意思是“與……大不相同”。同A項含義接近。 答案：A 3.Why is “the French paradox” referred to in the passage？ A.To show the French diet is fairly delicious. B.To illustrate the French have a healthy diet. C.To stress the importance of using fresh food ingredients. D.To prove the French diet makes people fat easily. 解析：考查推理判斷。從第三段第一句可知，雖然法國人的飲食中含有大量不利于健康的雞蛋、黃油等食材，但法國人的肥胖率卻很低，而營養(yǎng)學家認為這源于法國人使用新鮮食材。故文中提及“法國悖論”是為了說明使用新鮮食材的重要性。 答案：C 4.What advantage of cooking at home does the last paragraph talk about？ A.Strengthen family bonds. B.Save your money up. C.Expose you to foreign culture. D.Get children educated better. 解析：考查推理判斷。從最后一段內(nèi)容，尤其是“Many couples also find that preparing a meal together can be a romantic experience... get to know your family better”可知，最后一段講的在家做飯的好處是能加強家人之間的聯(lián)系。 答案：A B If you win the $1.5 billion Powerball jackpot (頭獎)， you may not be as lucky as you think. Many winners experience the socalled curse of the lottery， with some squandering(揮霍) their fortunes and others meeting tragic ends. “So many of them wind up unhappy or wind up broke. People have had terrible things happen，” said Don McNay， 56， a financial consultant to lottery winners and the author of Life Lessons from the Lottery. “People commit suicide. People run through their money. Easy comes， easy goes. They go through divorce or people die.” “Its just a great change that theyre not ready for，” McNay told Time on Tuesday. “Its the curse of the lottery because it made their lives worse instead of improving them.” About 70 percent of people who suddenly receive a windfall (意外之財) of cash will lose it within a few years， according to the National Endowment for Financial Education. Here are some of the stories of past winners that gamblers should know about： Abraham Shakespeare was murdered in 2009 after he won a $30 million lottery jackpot. The 47yearold Florida man was shot twice in the chest and then buried under a slab of concrete in a backyard， ABC News reported. Dorris “Dee Dee” Moore， who authorities say befriended him after his lottery win， was found guilty of first degree murder in 2012. His brother， Robert Brown， told the BBC that Shakespeare always said he regretted winning the lottery. “Id have been better off going broke. He said that to me all the time，” Brown said. [語篇解讀]　人們往往以為中大獎的人都十分幸運，然而作者卻用一些獲獎?wù)叩睦痈嬖V我們他們不像我們想得那么幸運。 5.What does Don McNay think of winning a lottery？ A.Its a blessing for the winner. B.It doesnt necessarily bring fortune. C.It may make one feel at a loss. D.It can increase ones popularity. 解析：考查推理判斷。由第一段中的“Many winners experience the socalled curse of the lottery，with some squandering(揮霍) their fortunes and others meeting tragic ends”和第二段中的“So many of them wind up unhappy or wind up broke.People have had terrible things happen”可知，Don McNay認為彩票中獎不一定會給人帶來幸運。 答案：B 6.Whats the purpose of mentioning Abraham Shakespeare？ A.Attracting readers attention. B.Describing a social phenomenon. C.Supporting the authors viewpoint. D.Making the news known to readers. 解析：考查推理判斷。第一段作者提出自己的觀點，因此列舉Abraham Shakespeare的故事的目的是支持作者提出的彩票中獎未必有好結(jié)果的觀點。 答案：C 7.What can be learned about Abraham Shakespeare？ A.He won a $300 million lottery jackpot. B.He felt proud of winning the lottery. C.He shared his fortune with his brother. D.He was probably murdered by his friend. 解析：考查細節(jié)理解。由最后一段中的“Dorris Dee Dee Moore，who authorities say befriended him after his lottery win，was found guilty of first degree murder in 2012”可知，Abraham Shakespeare可能是被他的朋友謀殺的。 答案：D 8.What will the author discuss after the last paragraph？ A.Reasons for Abraham Shakespeares getting murdered. B.Measures to be taken to protect the jackpot winners. C.The terrible things Abraham Shakespeare suffered. D.Another tragic story of the lottery winner. 解析：考查推理判斷。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“Here are some of the stories of past winners that gamblers should know about”和最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，作者在下文會接著列舉一些中獎?wù)咴庥龆蜻\的例子。 答案：D Ⅱ.完形填空 My father left us when I was three and my mother was forced to leave us with our grandmother and travel from our small town in Malaysia to Singapore to earn a living. From that day on， my two older sisters and I __1__ a difficult life living with our __2__ uncle. We did everything he asked because we were __3__ of him. I was __4__ the shy younger sister who was always left at home alone. I tried very hard to __5__ both my sisters so they would like me and play with me. To earn their __6__， I made every effort to be the good girl for my grandma and mother. For a long time， it seemed I was living the __7__ of someone else， just trying to survive. But __8__ I feel tired or sad， I will always tell myself “Almost there” and dont __9__ give up， just a few more steps and I will __10__ it. I have heard a doctor once say， “For illness， we can help find a(n) __11__ for it， but for a broken heart， we must __12__ ourselves.” Now I am working abroad. I have a good __13__ that not only allows me to work on something I like， but also allows me to pass on my __14__ thinking to younger friends and coworkers， as they have to __15__ what will become of their lives. I like to __16__ them that they will do well in life if they can __17__ the mindset of “Almost there”. It takes lots of __18__ to move on， especially when you are suffering， but if we make it through it will __19__ become good memories that we cherish and a good __20__ that makes us become stronger. [語篇解讀]　作者雖然在童年時生活得很艱難，但是她始終堅信自己離成功只有一步之遙，堅持一下就能勝利?！癆lmost there”更是成了她的座右銘。 1.A.continued B.needed C.enjoyed D.began 解析：根據(jù)前文敘述的內(nèi)容可知，父親離開了我們，母親外出打工后，我和姐姐們的生活才開始(began)變得艱難起來。 答案：D 2.A.kind B.friendly C.mean D.selfless 解析：由前文的“a difficult life”和后文的“We did everything he asked”可以推斷，此處應(yīng)該選擇貶義詞來修飾uncle，所以選擇mean，意為“吝嗇的”。 答案：C 3.A.fond B.tired C.scared D.proud 解析：根據(jù)語境可知，此處應(yīng)該是指我們都怕(scared)他，所以他讓我們做什么我們都會去做。 答案：C 4.A.hopefully B.extremely C.unfortunately D.accidentally 解析：不幸的是(unfortunately)，我是那個很害羞、總被單獨留在家里的小妹妹。 答案：C 5.A.praise B.inspire C.impress D.please 解析：我盡全力取悅(please)我的兩個姐姐，這樣她們就會喜歡我并跟我玩了。 答案：D 6.A.respect B.love C.sympathy D.admiration 解析：為了獲得她們的愛(love)，我非常努力地要做個好女孩。 答案：B 7.A.game B.expectation C.life D.moment 解析：很長一段時間，我似乎都在過著別人的生活(life)，只是(為了)努力生存。前面提到我努力討姐姐的喜歡，做媽媽和外祖母眼中的好女孩，因此這里說我似乎過著別人的生活。 答案：C 8.A.whenever B.however C.wherever D.whatever 解析：每當(whenever)我感到疲憊或傷感的時候。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指“無論何時”，應(yīng)該用whenever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。 答案：A 9.A.almost B.even C.ever D.still 解析：我總是告訴自己“就快到了”，永不言棄，再多走幾步就會成功(manage)了。ever與not連用相當于never。 答案：C 10.A.prove B.find C.understand D.manage 解析：參見上題解析。manage意為“設(shè)法做成，努力完成”，符合語境。 答案：D 11.A.chance B.cure C.examination D.reason 解析：醫(yī)生的職責就是幫助病人把病治好。故此處指對于疾病，我們能夠幫助找到它的治愈方法(cure)。 答案：B 12.A.make out B.set down C.take over D.depend on 解析：此處指但是(要撫慰)破碎的心就必須靠我們自己了。depend on“依靠”，符合語境。 答案：D 13.A.dream B.boss C.mother D.career 解析：由后面的“allows me to work on something”和“coworkers”可推知，本空應(yīng)選career“職業(yè)”。 答案：D 14.A.adaptable B.personal C.positive D.creative 解析：我的這份職業(yè)也使我能夠把積極的(positive)思想傳遞給年輕的朋友和同事。根據(jù)第三段第一句話可知，我的思想是積極的。 答案：C 15.A.see B.remember C.wonder D.imagine 解析：因為他們必須要明白他們將來的生活會是什么樣子的。see在此不是“看見”的意思，而是表示“明白，懂得”。 答案：A 16.A.inform B.remind C.promise D.warn 解析：此處指我提醒(remind)年輕的朋友和同事，如果他們能保持住(keep)“Almost there”這種心態(tài)，他們在生活中會做得很好。 答案：B 17.A.keep B.forget C.explain D.ignore 解析：參見上題解析。 答案：A 18.A.time B.money C.courage D.patience 解析：結(jié)合上下文可知，此處應(yīng)該是指尤其是在遭受痛苦時，堅持下去需要很大的勇氣(courage)。下文的“especially when you are suffering”是提示。 答案：C 19.A.eventually B.totally C.generally D.automatically 解析：但是如果我們能熬過去，那它最終(eventually)會變成值得我們珍惜的美好記憶。 答案：A 20.A.example B.lesson C.symbol D.evidence 解析：根據(jù)語境可知，我們的經(jīng)歷會成為很好的教訓，能讓我們變得更加堅強，故選lesson“教訓”。 答案：B