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第六講 特殊句式 主謂一致 1．(2016高考全國(guó)甲卷語(yǔ)法填空)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable. 2．(2015高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ語(yǔ)法填空)Yangshuo (be) really beautiful. 3．(2015高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ語(yǔ)法填空)This cycle (go) day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night ... 4．(2014高考廣東卷語(yǔ)法填空)We (tell) that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week，but for the week after. 5．(2014高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ短文改錯(cuò))My dream school look like a big garden. 6．(2016高考浙江卷短文改錯(cuò))He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us. 倒裝句 7．(2016高考江蘇卷單選，34改編)Not until recently they encourage the development of touristrelated activities in the rural areas. 8．(2015高考天津卷單選，3改編)Only when Lily walked into the office she realize that she had left the contract at home. 9．(2015高考湖南卷單選，23改編)Only after talking to two students (我才發(fā)現(xiàn))that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals. 10．(2014高考陜西卷單選，17改編)No sooner (莫言一上臺(tái)) than the audience broke into thunderous applause. 省略句 11．(2015高考北京卷單選，31改編)If (accept) for the job，youll be informed soon. 12．(2015高考湖南卷單選，24改編)Video games can be a poor influence if (leave) in the wrong hands. 其他特殊句式 13．(2016高考天津卷單選，13改編)You are waiting at a wrong place.It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists. 14．(2015高考四川卷短文改錯(cuò))How do you think I should do? 15．(2014高考全國(guó)卷Ⅱ短文改錯(cuò))They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. 答案：1.is　2.is　3.goes　4.were told　5.look→looks 6．was→were　7.did　8.did　9.did I discover　10.had Moyan stepped on the stage　11.accepted　12.left　13.that　14.How→What　15.They→There 1．牢記省略的兩個(gè)命題點(diǎn) (1)狀語(yǔ)從句的省略 在when，while，whenever，till，as soon as，if，unless，as if，though，as等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，若謂語(yǔ)有be動(dòng)詞，而主語(yǔ)又與主句主語(yǔ)相同或主語(yǔ)是it時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞常被省略。 (2)不定式的省略 to在be afraid，glad，happy，expect，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，seem，try，want，wish等的后邊時(shí)，省略時(shí)常保留to。 2．銘記部分倒裝的三個(gè)句式 (1)具有否定意義的詞或短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)(除否定詞修飾主語(yǔ)外)，句子一般要寫成部分倒裝句。這類詞或短語(yǔ)常見的有：never，seldom，hardly，by no means，in no way等。 (2)當(dāng)so...that...，such...that...中的so...和such...放在句首時(shí)，句子一般要倒裝。 (3)only修飾的狀語(yǔ)放到句首，主句要形成部分倒裝。 3．必記強(qiáng)調(diào)句兩個(gè)句式及一個(gè)方法 (1)陳述句的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))＋that/who(用于強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人時(shí))＋其他部分。 (2)not...until...句型的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型為： It is/was＋not until＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他部分。 (3)判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的方法：如果把句中的It is/was和that/who去掉后，句子意思依然完整，那么這個(gè)句子就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句；否則就不是。 4．巧記主謂一致的就遠(yuǎn)原則 當(dāng)用作主語(yǔ)的成分后面跟著由but，except，besides，including，like，with，as well as，as much as，along with，in addition to，rather than，together with等引出的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞習(xí)慣上要與這些結(jié)構(gòu)前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致(即與比較遠(yuǎn)的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致)。 Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．John has not yet passed the driving test，and neither Henry. 2．There (come)the school bus.Hurry up! 3．— was it he managed to solve the problem? —Oh，he turned to Professor Lee for advice. 4．It was at the railway station I met Li Ming yesterday. 5．Not only we forget to turn off the lights in the bedroom，but we also failed to lock the back door. 6．Never it occur to him that he could be admitted to the famous university. 7．He pulled hard at the gold chain to get it into the boat，but seemed to be no end to it. 8．She must be helping the old woman to water the flowers， she? 9．Every day (read)a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized. 10．Li Ming，dont forget to turn in your work plans before you leave the office， you? 11．He has donated some money to those who live in poverty，which (be)of great help. 12．No one in the department but Tom and I (know)that the director is going to resign. 13．—How do you like the book? —Wonderful，and I as well as most of my classmates (be)quite interested in it. 14．—Lydia，what did our headteacher say just now? —Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who (be)to lead the group (be)asked to be at the school gate before 6：30 in the morning. 15．In my opinion，he rather than you (be)to blame. 16．More than one boy (like)to play basketball while many a girl (be)good at playing baseball. 17．Only 60 percent of the work (do)yesterday. 18．He is the only one of persons who (know)the secret so far. 19．The Great Wall is one of the worldfamous buildings that (draw)lots of visitors. 20．Large amounts of money (be)spent on the bridge，which was expected to be completed next month. 答案：1.has　2.comes　3.How；that　4.that　5.did 6．did　7.there　8.isnt　9.read　10.will　11.is 12．knows　13.am　14.are；is　15.is　16.likes；is 17．was done　18.has known　19.draw　20.were Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò) 1．My father work in a factory and my mother is a teacher.We live a happy life together. 2．Mr.Wang said that the job was important and we should try our best to do it. 3．—Have you ever been to Hong Kong before? —Never to. 4．No matter how frequently explaining，the maths problem could not be understood by some of the students. 5．A hero as he is，the young PLA soldier remains to be modest. 6．Nowhere else you find so many contented people. 7．East of our city lie a very beautiful lake with a very moving story. 8．Frank，with his two sisters，are leaving London by train next morning. 9．The day before yesterday the police including one officer was searching for the murderer in that mountain. 10．This is because two thirds of the earths surface are made up of vast oceans. 答案：1.work→works　2.and后加that　3.刪除第二個(gè)to 4．explaining→explained　5.刪除句首的A，hero首字母大寫 6．you前加will　7.lie→lies　8.are→is　9.was→were　10.are→is Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 Online shopping is coming into fashion in most cities，where people are able to make full use of the Internet technology.Nowadays，1. we find a person who has not experienced online shopping？Definitely not. Online shopping 2. (welcome)by most people due to various reasons.From the perspective of consumers，it can save some time 3. people who dont have much spare time.They can get 4. they want while staying at home.For the retailers，it can cut some costs for those who dont have much circulating funds.5. (compare)with the traditional trade mode，they dont have to spend money in renting a house.However，there are still some 6. (advantage)in online shopping.First，a facetoface deal makes online shopping less 7. (rely)and trustworthy.Second，people will lose the fun of bargaining. It is undeniable that shopping on the Internet 8. (become)a popular trend in modern society.Its of great 9. (urgent)that we need to make the relative laws in accordance with the rapid growth of online shopping.Only in this way 10. we enjoy the pleasure and convenience of online shopping without the concern of being cheated. 1．解析：can?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。can表示懷疑。 2．解析：is welcomed?？疾檎Z(yǔ)態(tài)。welcome和主語(yǔ)online shopping之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 3．解析：for?？疾榻樵~。為某人省時(shí)間用for。 4．解析：what/whatever?？疾殛P(guān)系代詞。get后面是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少want的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用what或者whatever。 5．解析：Compared。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。compared with與……相比。 6．解析：disadvantages?？疾樵~形轉(zhuǎn)換。然而，網(wǎng)購(gòu)也有一些缺點(diǎn)。 7．解析：reliable?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是“make＋復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，由句意“面對(duì)面的交易使網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物不那么可信?！笨芍?，應(yīng)用形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 8．解析：has become?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意：不可否認(rèn)的是網(wǎng)購(gòu)已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代社會(huì)受歡迎的一種趨勢(shì)。應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 9．解析：urgency。考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。be of＋n.＝be＋adj.。 10．解析：can?？疾榈寡b?！癘nly＋狀語(yǔ)”放在句首，需要用部分倒裝。 Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò) Im a 18yearold middle school student.I have busy with my study and dont help my parents on the housework.Feel quite sorry for that，I begin to think about what to do to help them. Last Sunday，when my parents go out shopping，I suddenly got an idea：why not give the rooms a thorough cleaning？Firstly I collected all the book，newspapers and other things in the rooms and was put them in place.Then I wiped the dust off all the furniture.Before that，I swept and mopped the floor. At this very moment，my parents came back and were quite surprising to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining.My mother gave me a hug and I could see satisfaction in her eyes.Tired although I was，I never felt so happy. 答案： Ⅴ.寫作提升 A．根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示，改寫下列句子。 1．He was devoted to his study and cared little about his clothes.(用省略的狀語(yǔ)從句) → his study，he cared little about his clothes. 2．Tom was our monitor.He encouraged me to go on with my experiment.(用強(qiáng)調(diào)句) → ，(who was)our monitor， / encouraged me to go on with my experiment. 3．As soon as Mr.Smith arrived at our school，he was warmly welcomed.(用倒裝句) → / had Mr.Smith arrived at our school / he was warmly welcomed. 4．He didn’t come here until yesterday afternoon.(用強(qiáng)調(diào)句和倒裝句) → yesterday afternoon he came here. → yesterday afternoon here. 5．If you are not invited to speak，you should keep silent at the meeting.(用unless及省略) → to speak，you should keep silent at the meeting. 答案：1.Devoted to　2.It was Tom；that/who　3.No sooner/Hardly；than/when　4.It was not until；that；Not until; did he come　5.Unless invited B．根據(jù)上下文和括號(hào)中的提示，用正確的特殊句式完成語(yǔ)段。 Nowadays，lots of children in rural areas can’t live together with their parents working in other places.On the whole，several factors result in the problem.Firstly，some parents 1. (強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：的確擔(dān)心)that it will influence their work if they really take the children along with them.Secondly，2. (倒裝：生活成本和教育費(fèi)用如此高)in the place where parents work that they can’t afford them. In my opinion，3. (強(qiáng)調(diào)句：父母和政府應(yīng)為這個(gè)問題負(fù)責(zé))．Besides，whatever difficulty we are faced with，we should take effective measures to solve the problem. 答案：1.do worry　2.so high are the living costs and education fees　3.it’s the parents and government that are responsible for the problem 特殊句式