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1、中考復(fù)習(xí)---閱讀理解,,題材社會文化、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、政治經(jīng)濟(jì)、歷史地理、科學(xué)技術(shù),廣告、通知、操作說明、表格、新聞報道、應(yīng)用文、說明文、議論文、記敘文,閱讀材料,特征近年來中考閱讀理解文章的選材在整體上體現(xiàn)了“原汁原味，語言地道；聯(lián)系生活，反映實際；主題向上，態(tài)度積極”的特點。,體裁,A篇.BCDBB篇.ADCAC篇.BBCAD篇.DBCDE篇.DCDCF篇.BCADD,答案校對,題型典例及解題技巧,常見的命題形式：1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?2.Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsusthat_______.3....becausetheyca

2、n_______.4.用When,Where,What,How,Who,Why,Howmany等引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句要求判斷細(xì)節(jié)。,（一）事實細(xì)節(jié)題,考查：考查考生對某個具體事實或某個特定的細(xì)節(jié)是否理解。,【例題解析】,典例：（南通中考）,,,,,,,,D,,A,B,D,由文章最后兩段細(xì)節(jié)信息可直接得知，當(dāng)我們用兩只眼睛看事物時，可以更好地判斷出距離。,【例題解析】,典例：（臺州中考）,B...Everyday,wespendtimefillingthenecessarytasksbottlewithusefulthings,likemakingmoney,doinghousework,buyin

3、gfoodandpayingbills.Wethenfillanotherbottlewithvoluntarytasks.Thesearethingsthatwedoforothers,butwemaynotenjoythem.Thisbottlegetsfilledwithtasksliketakingchildrentoactivities,cookingfamilymeals,anddoinglaundry.Thosebottlesareveryimportant.Ifwedon’tfillthemeachday,ourfamilywon’trunproperly....()5.Whi

4、chactivitybelongstoanecessarytaskaccordingtothepassage?A.Goingtoworkthoughitisrainingheavily.B.Buyingabirthdaygiftforyourgoodfriend.C.Havingayardsaletoraisemoneyforsickkids.D.SendingyoursontoapianolessononSunday.,A,由文章第二段第一句可直接得知，necessarytasks包括makingmoney,與選項A下大雨也去上班賺錢相符。選項B、C、D均為voluntarytasks.,【

5、例題解析】,,,,FAlongtimeago,therelivedaveryoldman.Hewassooldthathecouldnotseeorhearverywell.Healsocouldnotwalkverywell,oreatverywellforhishandshook.Theoldmanssonanddaughter-in-lawthoughthemightmaketroubleattable.So,theyhadhimeathismealsinthecornerofthekitchenwithoutatable....()21.Thesonandhiswifemadethei

6、rfathereatinthekitchento______.A.teachtheirsonagoodlessonB.stayawayfromtroubleC.punishhimforhisshakinghandD.givehimpeaceandcomfort,典例：（綿陽中考）,,,B,由文章第一段可得知，連詞so引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，所以前一句即是原因。故選B。,【例題解析】,1.認(rèn)真分析題干和選項中的關(guān)鍵詞。2.在文章中尋找細(xì)節(jié)，在下面劃線做標(biāo)記。3.忠于原文，將三個錯誤選項都勾畫出錯誤的地方。,解題技巧：,（二）猜測詞義題,常見命題形式：1.Theword“…”inthepassageis

7、closeto______.2.Whatdoestheword“...”mean?3.TheunderlinedwordinParagraph6means______.4.Theword“…”refersto______.,考查：名詞、動詞、短語或者句子的含義。,1、根據(jù)上下文的指代關(guān)系進(jìn)行猜測。2、通過同義詞和近、反義詞的關(guān)系猜詞。3、有時生詞會用定語（從句）、表語甚至于用逗號、破折號等標(biāo)點符號引出并加以解釋說明。4、正確答案常蘊(yùn)藏在原文該詞出現(xiàn)前后。,解題技巧：,典例：（南通中考）,C...“Isaidnothingtotheoldcoupleaboutit．But，throughagra

8、ndchild，theyfounditout．Thoughtheyneversaidawordtomeonthematter，theymournedthebirdandburied（埋葬）it．Icouldneverlooktheminthefaceafterwards．Oh，IhadtoldthemhowsorryIwas!...()9．Theunderlinedword“mournedthebird”inParagraph10means“”．A．werenotwillingtothrowthebirdawayB．showedsadnessforthelossofthebirdC．punis

9、hedmeforthedeathofthebirdD．tookcareofthebird’sfamilymembers,由后文“…andburiedit埋葬了它”可推斷他們很同情這只鳥，在為鳥默哀，所以是對鳥的死亡表現(xiàn)出難過，故選B。,,,B,【例題解析】,典例：（臺州中考）,it為指示代詞，指代前文所提到的“timefliesby”。也就是說我們需要時間來做使我們快樂的事情。故選D。,,D,【例題解析】,B...However,weoftenforgettofillthethirdbottle----thehappinessbottlethatwefillwithactivitiesthat

10、makeushappy.Isyourhappinessbottlesometimesemptyattheendoftheday?Betweendoingallthenecessaryandvoluntarytasks,timefliesby,andbeforeweknowit,itistimeforbed.Weallhavedayslikethat....()6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”meaninthethirdparagraph?A.Werequireenoughtimetofillthenecessarytasksbottle.B.Necessaryan

11、dvoluntarytasksarelessimportant.C.Allthethreebottlesarefilledtotopattheendoftheday.D.Weneedtimetodosomethingtomakeourselveshappy.,D...Theyfirstcutanappleintotheshapeofanear.Thentheyusedaspecialwaytotakeouttheapple’scellandmakeitascaffold.Theteamthenaddedhumancellstotheapple,andwatcheditgrow.“Youcani

12、mplantthesescaffoldsintothebody,andthebodywillsendincellsandabloodsupplyandactuallykeepthesethingsalive,”PellingsaidduringaTedTalkspeech.Theteamputtheapplescaffoldinsidealivingmouseandthemouse’scellsslowlytookoverthepiecesofapple....（）14.Theunderlinedword“implant”inParagraph7probablymeans______.A.pi

13、ckB.putC.produceD.protect,典例：（連云港中考）,,,B,【例題解析】,由連詞and連接的兩項內(nèi)容在含義上是接近的或遞進(jìn)的，由此可以推測為“放入、植入”的意思。故選B。,近三年我市中考閱讀理解主要題型分布,(三)推理判斷題,常見命題形式：1.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?2.Thewritersuggeststhat_______.3.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat_______.4.Inthewriter’sopinion,agoodschoolshould_______.5.Thewriter’sattitud

14、etoward“…”is_______.,考查：考查透過表面的文字信息，對某些深層次情節(jié)經(jīng)過分析、綜合、歸納，作出合乎邏輯的推理。,解題技巧：1.以原文內(nèi)容為前提，透過現(xiàn)象看本質(zhì)，領(lǐng)悟作者思想傾向、觀點、立場、語氣及態(tài)度等。2.與原文相同的細(xì)節(jié)不能選。3.文中沒有出現(xiàn)的細(xì)節(jié)不能跳出文章做推斷。,,典例：（南通中考）,E...Nooneknowsthefutureofglobalization．Mostexpertsagreethatitwillcontinuetogrowandhaveanincreasinglygreaterinfluenceonpeopleslivesinthefuture

15、．()20.Whatcanweinfer（推斷）fromthepassage？A．Globalizationissuretodogoodtopeople．B．Globalizationwillbelimitedinthefuture．C．Globalizationmaychangepeopleslivesinthefuture．D．Globalizationwillbelovedthroughouttheworld．,根據(jù)全文最后一句可知“大多數(shù)專家認(rèn)為全球化將持續(xù)增長并在未來對人們的生活產(chǎn)生更大的影響?！笨芍蚧瘜淖?nèi)藗兊纳?。故選C。,C,【例題解析】,,,典例：（鎮(zhèn)江中考）,D..

16、.NowPellingisthinkingofotherfruit,plantsorvegetablestouse.Hesaysthattheshapeofflowerpetalscouldbeperfectforrepairingskin.Andasparagus(蘆筍)couldfixabrokenspine(脊柱).Now,Pellingandhisteamaretryinghardtoputthesecrazyideasintoreality.()16.Fromthelastthreeparagraphs,wecaninferthatPellingwillexperimentwitho

17、therfruit,plantsorvegetables_______.A.tomakehumanearsB.torepairburntskinC.tofixabrokenspineD.tomakehumanbodyparts,D,根據(jù)本文最后三段可知，選項A、B、C均為片面信息，不能概括實驗的目的。而且它們都是原文相同的細(xì)節(jié)，不能算是推斷。故答案是D。,【例題解析】,F...Theoldman’ssonanddaughter-in-lawlookedatoneanotherandwithoutsayingawordstartedcrying.Thetwoquicklybroughttheir

18、oldfathertotheirdinnertable.Fromthatdayon,theoldmansatwiththefamilywhentheyhadtheirmeals.Evenwhentheoldman’sfoodfellhereandthere,thesonandthedaughter-in-lawdidnotsayanything.()24.Theendofthestorysuggeststheoldmanwould_______.A.nolongerdrophisdishesB.continuetoeatinthekitchenC.stopshakinghishandswhil

19、eeatingD.liveacomfortablelifeinthefamily,典例：（綿陽中考）,根據(jù)本文最后一段可知，老人與家人一起在餐桌吃飯，并且食物掉的到處都是，他的兒子和兒媳也不會再說什么。故答案是D．,【例題解析】,D,常見命題形式：,1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?2.Thispassagemainlytellsusabout_______.3.Theauthorspurposeinwritingthistextis_______.4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?5.What’sthetopicofth

20、etext?,（四）主旨大意題,考查：考查考生對文章的主題、標(biāo)題、中心思想的理解程度及辨別主要信息和次要信息的能力。,解題技巧：1.找準(zhǔn)主題句。文章頭、尾兩段。每段首句、尾句。2.根據(jù)文章意思全面理解而歸納。3.不能太籠統(tǒng)、言過其實或以偏概全。4.干擾項可能是文中某個具體事實或細(xì)節(jié)，也可能是文中某些(不完全的)事實或細(xì)節(jié)片面推出的錯誤結(jié)論。,BThewaywespendourtimecanbedividedintothree“bottles”.Thesearethenecessarytasksbottle,thevoluntary（自愿的）tasksbottleandthehappinessb

21、ottle....Willyouractivitiesbringjoytoyourlife?Oraretheothertwotaskseatingupallyourtime?Trytofindwaystoachieveabalancebetweenhowyoufillyourthreebottles.Attheendoftheday,hopefullywe’vedoneallwecantomakesurethatourhappinessbottleisfilled.（）8.Whichofthefollowingisthebestfor“”inthelastparagraph?A.Makesur

22、etofillallthethreebottles.B.Soconsiderhowyourtimewillbespent.C.Peoplewillhavemorehappyactivities.D.It’snotenoughtofillthehappinessbottle.,,A,典例：（浙江臺州）,文章開頭和結(jié)尾講的是我們應(yīng)裝滿三個“瓶子”，并努力找到方法來平衡三者的關(guān)系。由此推斷出作者是要人們將三個瓶子都裝滿。故選A。,【例題解析】,,F...“Whyareyoumakingit?”Thesonanswered.“SothatIcanfillitwithyouandmother’sfood

23、whenIgrowup.”Theoldman’ssonanddaughter-in-lawlookedatoneanotherandwithoutsayingawordstartedcrying.Thetwoquicklybroughttheiroldfathertotheirdinnertable.Fromthatdayon,theoldmansatwiththefamilywhentheyhadtheirmeals.Evenwhentheoldman’sfoodfellhereandthere,thesonandthedaughter-in-lawdidnotsayanything.()2

24、5.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotelluswiththestory?A.Theyoungshouldlookaftertheold.B.Familymembersshouldhavemealstogether.C.Itsterriblywrongtoservemealsinbrokendishes.D.Parentsshouldsetagoodexamplefortheirchildren.,通過文章最后兩段可知，孩子會效仿自己的父母，所以父母應(yīng)做好孩子的榜樣。故選D。,【例題解析】,D,典例：（綿陽中考）,技巧回顧,1.細(xì)讀題目、開篇首句，推測全文內(nèi)容。2.帶著問題，復(fù)讀原文，掌握文章主旨大意。3.圍繞大意，對照選項，理解識別，推斷歸納。4.遇到生詞,沉著冷靜。5.把握時間，速度適中。6.先易后難，瞻前顧后。7.復(fù)核全文，確保無誤。,提高方法,1.培養(yǎng)閱讀興趣，擴(kuò)大閱讀量，培養(yǎng)英語思維。2.擴(kuò)大詞匯量，盡量減少閱讀障礙。3.精心選擇閱讀材料，進(jìn)行限時閱讀訓(xùn)練。4.熟練的解題方法技巧。。,Bestwishes！,