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1、“飛碟”無人機(jī):飛碟無人機(jī) 　　日前，英國的GFS項目企業(yè)向英國防部演示了其依據(jù)附壁作用設(shè)計的無人機(jī)。 　　它包含直徑米、重千克的GFS-6a和更小的GFS-7無人機(jī)。演示是在彼德伯勒市的室內(nèi)飛行區(qū)進(jìn)行的。這種電池驅(qū)動的垂直起降無人機(jī)盤旋并機(jī)動飛行了大約3分鐘，這是該機(jī)現(xiàn)在的續(xù)航水平。 　　盡管續(xù)航時間短，但該無人機(jī)攜帶的載荷重量現(xiàn)在已達(dá)成了千克。前氣墊飛行器工程師杰弗?哈頓說：“我們估計無人機(jī)采取改善型涵道風(fēng)扇設(shè)計后，性能將顯著提升?！? 　　該無人機(jī)能在指定點(diǎn)垂直起飛、全控飛行、盤旋和著陸。因為利用附壁作用產(chǎn)生升力，因此它的下洗氣流很小，氣動性很穩(wěn)定。哈頓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的試驗小組已經(jīng)發(fā)覺，

2、除了涵道風(fēng)扇的幾何結(jié)構(gòu)之外，艙蓋上的定子位置對穩(wěn)定性和升力至關(guān)主要。 　　霍爾格?巴賓斯基博士是一名航空學(xué)高級講師，她對該飛行器能夠穩(wěn)定飛行充滿信心，她強(qiáng)調(diào)說，實(shí)際情況比預(yù)期還要好?；裟犴f爾企業(yè)和美國國防部在阿拉巴馬州亨茨維爾市的戰(zhàn)術(shù)無人機(jī)辦公室也期望加入項目合作。 　　該無人機(jī)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域很廣泛，其中包含戰(zhàn)場和城區(qū)監(jiān)視、智能指示目標(biāo)、災(zāi)區(qū)偵察、通信中繼和干擾、傳感器布撤、探雷、大氣質(zhì)量取樣、監(jiān)聽和搜救。該無人機(jī)在城區(qū)環(huán)境中最為有用，它能夠盤旋、飛近建筑物和飛入建筑物內(nèi)，實(shí)施近距監(jiān)視和搜集情報。因為旋轉(zhuǎn)部件沒有暴露在外面，無人機(jī)和墻壁等發(fā)生碰撞摩擦不會危及其飛行安全。 　　[注]附壁作用：

3、 　　又稱康達(dá)效應(yīng)[Coanda-effect)，它是以羅馬尼亞創(chuàng)造家亨利?康達(dá)為名的。簡單的表示就是水流或氣流離開原來的流動方向，改為伴隨凸出的物體流動的傾向。在日常生活中，當(dāng)我們把小湯匙凸面放在水龍頭下的小水流邊時，水流會被吸引，流到湯匙的背上，而爭水流一直在湯匙上的凸出表面流動就是附壁作用的結(jié)果。附壁作用是大部分飛機(jī)機(jī)翼的關(guān)鍵運(yùn)作原理。 　　UK―based Geoff"s Flying Saueer Projects has demonstrated its coanda-effect unmanned air vehicle to the Ministry of Defense

4、　　The ―diameter,5．45kg GFS-6a and smaller-7 prototypes were demonstrated at an indoor flying area in battery-powered vertical take-off and landing vehicles hovered and maneuvered for about 3min． which is their current endurance. 　　“We expect substantial improvements With improved fan design,”says

5、inventor and former hovercraft engineer Geoff Hatton．Despite the short endurance，a payload has been carried so far . 　　The UAV is capable of vertical take off,fully controlled flight，hovering and landing on a specified point By using the Coanda principle to create lift，it has very little downwash

6、and is aerodynamically stable As well as fan geometry，Hatton’s team has found that the location of stators on the canopy is important to stability and lift． 　　Dr Holger Babinsky， a reader in aeronautics，was confident the vehicle would be stable， but says it was better than expected． Honeywell and t

7、he US Department of Defense’s Huntsville，Alabama tactical UAV office have visited GFS ． 　　Numerous applications have been identified．including battlefield ＆ urban surveillance，intelligent targeting，dlsaster area reconnaissance．communications relay and jammling，sensor distribution，land mine detectio

8、n，air quality sampling，listenIng and search ＆ rescue. The UAV will be most useful in urban environments．where its ability to hover and fly close to and within buildings will enable close quarter surveillance and intelligence no exposed rotating parts，brushes with walls etc，do not compromise the craft’s night 　　xx／祝翠