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1、英語九年級上冊第九單元教學(xué)案 執(zhí)筆人 張平 Section A 第一課時 課前預(yù)習(xí) 翻譯下列句子或短語 be used for ______ be invented by _________ light bulb_________ operate on sb._______ microwave oven_________ 陷入 （ ） 意外的（ ） 用這種方法 （ ） 1. When was the telephone invented ? ___________________

2、__________________ 2. What are they used for ? ______________________________ 3. What do you think is the most useful invention ? ________________________________ 4. I ‘d like to have a radio because I could listen to music all day. ______________________________________ 一、 重點講解及課堂練習(xí) 一、重點單詞

3、 1、invent v. 發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造 例：Do know who invented the computer? 你知道誰發(fā)明了計算機嗎？ [拓展]invention n. 發(fā)明（物），創(chuàng)造物 例：Here are some important inventions in human history. 這是人類歷史上的一些重要發(fā)明。 Inventor n. 發(fā)明家，該詞是由動詞invent+or 構(gòu)成的名詞。 例：Edison was a great American inventor. 愛迪生是一位偉大的美國發(fā)明家。 Operate v. 操作，操縱，開動；運

4、轉(zhuǎn)，工作；管理，經(jīng)營；起作用，奏效；動手術(shù)，開刀 例：①This machine does not operate smoothly. 這臺機器運轉(zhuǎn)不靈。 ②The doctor operated on the baby’s eyes. 這位醫(yī)生給這個嬰兒做眼部手術(shù)。 自我測評： 1.Thomas Edison was a great American (invent). He had more than one thousand (invent) in his life. 2.The boy is badly hurt, so he ne

5、eds an (手術(shù)) at once. 3.Personal computers about 30 years ago. A. invented B. was invented C. were invented D. inventing 4.These new types of computers are easy . A. operation B. to operate C. to operation D. operation 5.When was umbr

6、ella ? A./;invented B. a;discovered C. an; discovered D. the; invented 6.The doctor operated him at once and he at last. A. with; was saved B. on; saved C. on; was saved D. with; saved 二、重要短語 1、be used for 被用于……，其中的for是介詞，因此其后跟名詞或動詞作介詞賓語。 例

7、：A knife is used for cutting. 刀是用來切東西的。 [辯析]be used for, be used as , be used by ，be used to do sth., used to do sth. 與 be /become /get used to doing sth. (1) be used for 被用于……，被用來做……，強調(diào)用途或作用。 (2 )be used as （被）作為……而使用，強調(diào)被當(dāng)作工具或手段來用。 (3) be used by 被……使用，by后跟人或物，強調(diào)使用者。 (4) be used to do st

8、h. 被用來做……，強調(diào)動作，其中used是動詞use的過去分詞。 (5 ) used to do sth. 過去常常干某事，后面跟動詞不定式。 (6)be /become /get used to sth/ doing sth. 習(xí)慣于某事或干某事，其中used 是形容詞，to 為介詞。 例：①Keys are used for opening locks. 鑰匙是用來開鎖的。 ②“swim”can be used as noun. Swim 可以作名詞用。 ③Recorders are often used by English teach

9、er. 英語老師經(jīng)常使用錄音機。④The knife can be used to cut meat. 這把刀可用來切肉。 ⑤He used to swim in the river when he was a child. 孩提時代他經(jīng)常在這條河里游泳。⑥I have been used to the hot weather here. 我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了這里的炎熱天氣。 [注意]在被動詞態(tài)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)“be +過去分詞+ by ”結(jié)構(gòu)。介詞 by 之后接名詞或代詞賓格表示動作的發(fā)出者。 例：Children are taken good care of by teachers at scho

10、ol. 孩子們在學(xué)校受到老師們很好的照顧。 自我測評 1.Pencils are used . A.to writing B.for write C.for writing D.writing 2.The telephone Bell many years ago. A.invented B.was invented C.was invented by D.invented by 3.Raincoats are used for (keep)off rain. 4.This

11、 notebook is used to writing down something interesting by the little girl. (改錯) 5.Who invented it ?(改為被動語態(tài)) Whom it ? 三、特殊句型 1、What do you think is the most helpful invention? [分析]do you think 可以看作是插入語，用“

12、疑問詞+do you think+正常語序”的結(jié)構(gòu)。 例：What do you think he would do next? 你認(rèn)為他接下來將做什么？ [辯析]listen to 與 hear Listen to 意為“聽……”，表示一種“聽”的動作、過程，至于結(jié)果是否聽見則表示不出來；而hear意為“聽見”，強調(diào)一種結(jié)果。 例：①I listened again , but I still heard nothing. 我又聽了一下，但仍然什么也沒聽到。 ②listen to me carefully! 仔細(xì)聽我說！ 四、疑難句子 1、It gives peopl

13、e more time to work and play every day. 它(電燈)每天給人們更多的時間去工作和娛樂。 [分析]動詞不定式短語to work and play every day在句中作目的狀語。 [注意]give sb. Some time to do sth．給某人一些時間去干某事 例：Joining WTO gives Chinese people more chances to find work.．加入WTO給了中國人更多找到工作的機會。 2、Yes，but that’s not going to help you leave the island.

14、是的，但那也將無助于你離開那個島。 [分析1該句中用了help sb. (to)do sth．“幫助某人干某事’’這個詞組，動詞help后由動詞不定式擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語補足語，可以帶to，也可以不帶to。 例：He helps me(do) learn English every day. 他天天幫我學(xué)英語。 [注意] 在這些使役動詞和感官動詞變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，則應(yīng)該把原來省略的動詞不定式符號to加上。 例：①The child is made to go to bed before nine o’clock in the evening by his parents．父母迫使那個孩子九點以

15、前上床睡覺。 ②Lucy was heard to sing a song last night. 昨天晚上有人聽見露茜唱了一首歌。 被動語態(tài)概述 英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。 主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。巧記為：主動、主動、主去動。 例如：Many people speak English. 謂語：speak的動作是由主語many people來執(zhí)行的。 被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。巧記為：被動、被動、主被動。例如：English is spoken by many people.主語English是動詞speak的承受者。 主動態(tài)和被

16、動態(tài)指的是動詞形式，是詞法概念；而主動句和被動句則指的是句子結(jié)構(gòu)，從而是句法概念。所謂主動句就是由主動態(tài)動詞(詞組)作謂語動詞的句子，而被動句則是由被動態(tài)動詞(詞組)作謂語動詞的句子。 例如：He opened the door.他開了門。(主動句) The door was opened.門被開了。(被動句) 二、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成 被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be＋及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的?，F(xiàn)以teach為例說明被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的構(gòu)成。 一般現(xiàn)在時：am／is／are＋taught 一般過去時：was／were＋taught 一般將來時：

17、will／shall be＋taught 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：am／is／are being＋taught 過去進(jìn)行時：have／has been＋taught 現(xiàn)在完成時：have／has been＋taught 歌訣是：被動語態(tài)be字變，過去分詞跟后面。 三、被動語態(tài)的用法 (1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。 例如：Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。(不知道電腦是誰偷的) This book was published in 1981.這本書出版于1981年。 (2)強調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強

18、調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。 例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗戶是邁克打破的。 This book was written by him.這本書是他寫的。 歌訣：誰做的動作不知道，說出誰做的沒有必要； 動作承受者需強調(diào)，被動語態(tài)運用到。 四、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法 (1)把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。 (2)把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)(be＋過去分詞) (根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式)。 (3)把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。例如： All the people lau

19、ghed at him. He was laughed at by all the people. They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are madeby themin the factory. 歌訣是：賓變主，主變賓，by短語后面跟。 謂語動詞變被動，be后“過分”來使用。 五、含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài) 含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變成被動句時，由“情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成，原來帶to的情態(tài)動詞變成被動語態(tài)后“to”仍要保留。 歌訣是：情態(tài)動詞變動，情態(tài)加be加“過分”，原來帶to要保留。例如： We can rep

20、air this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once.----( It should be done at once.) 自我測評一： 1. Tom doesn’t have to be made . He always works hard. A．1earn B．to learn C. learned D. learning 2．The bridge over the river three ye

21、ars ago． A．is finished B．was finished C．was finish D．has finished 3. A present me by my friend on my birthday. A．is giving B．was given to C．is given for D．will give to 4．The old men and the child in our country． A．must take good care B．must be taken good ca

22、re C．must take good care Of D.must be taken good care of 5．A talk on English history in our school hall last week． A．is given B．was given C．has given D．will give 6．His father bought a computer for him last month．(改為被動語態(tài)) A computer for him last month．

23、 7． He often makes me do housework．(改為被動語態(tài)) I am often housework Section B 一、根據(jù)漢語完成句子。 1.Do you like the _______ ( 酸的 ) taste ? 2.You will see a lot of _____ ( 古老的 ) buildings in Xi’an. 3. I didn’t ______ ( 注意到 )what she wrote yesterday. 4. Twins’ songs

24、 are ______ ( 令人愉快的 ). 5.I’ve got seven days’ holiday _______ (包括) New Year’s Day. 二．翻譯下列句子或短語。 by mistake ______ not… until ______ by accident ________ in this way _______ knock into _______ divide… into __________ 離開（ ） 幸虧（ ） 到目前為止（ ） 二、重點講解及課堂練習(xí) 重點單詞 1、salty a

25、dj. 咸的、含鹽的 例：The oceans of the world are salty. 世界上的海洋都含鹽。 [拓展]salt n. 鹽 例：Please pass me the salt. 請把鹽遞給我。 2、sprinkle v. 撒（粉末狀物），灑（液體） 例：Please sprinkle some pepper and salt on the fried chicken. 請在炸雞上撒點胡椒粉和鹽。 3、notice v. 注意到，常用于兩個詞組，notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人干了某事； notice sb．doing sth．注

26、意到某人正在干某事。 例: She didn’t notice me .她沒有注意到我。 ③I noticed him enter the office． 我注意到他進(jìn)了辦公室。 [拓展]notice還可作名詞，“通告，布告，通知；公告，告示，啟示；注意”等意思。 例：①Please write the notice on the blackboard． 請把通知寫到黑板上。 自我測評 1．He (注意到)that she had left already． ． 2．The soup is kind of (咸)． 3．The

27、y (撒)sand on the floor． 4．——Please don’t smoke here．Look at that sign． ——Sorry，I (not notice) it． 5．I noticed him into the classroom just now。 A. was going B．came C．go D．went 6．They the grass water twice a week． A. sprinkle

28、 ; on B．sprinkle；with C．sprinkling；with， D．sprinkling；on 7．—The soup tastes . —Maybe I added too much just now． A. salt; salt B. salty; salty C. salt; salty D. salty; salt 重要短語 1、by mistake 錯誤地 例：I was in such a hurry that I took my brother’s bag by mistake a

29、nd didn’t find out about it until I got on the train. 匆忙中我錯拿了弟弟的書包，而且直到上火車后才發(fā)現(xiàn)。 [分析]mistake n. 誤會，錯誤，過失 常用詞組make a mistake或make mistakes出錯，犯錯誤 例：I made some mistakes in my English test．我在英語測試卷里出現(xiàn)了幾個錯誤。 2、according to 按照，根據(jù)，依據(jù)……所說，后面常跟名詞 例：①Answer the fo1lowing questions according to the te

30、xt． 根據(jù)課文回答下列問題； ②According to the weather reporter, there will be rain tomorrow．據(jù)天氣預(yù)報員所說，明天將有雨。 3、divide．．．into 把…分成…… 例：Let’s divide ourselves into several groups. 我們分成幾個小組吧。 特殊句型 1、So leaves form a nearby bush fell into the water and remained there for some time. 附近的一棵灌木樹上的幾片葉子落

31、進(jìn)了水中并在那里逗留了一段時間。 [分析] (1)nearby adj．附近的，指空間上的近。 例：He lives in the nearby town．他住在附近的一個小鎮(zhèn)里。 (2)remain 停留，逗留，留下，保持，可作系動詞，后接形容詞表狀態(tài)。 例：①I remained in London until May. 我在倫敦一直待到五月。 ② The door remains closed 門關(guān)著。 (3) fall into 落入，陷入 例：He saved the boy falling into the water. 他救起落水的男孩。 2、The e

32、mperor noticed that the leaves in the water produced a pleasant smell. 這位皇帝注意到水中的葉子發(fā)出一種令人愉快的氣味。 [分析]（1）produce 1) 出產(chǎn)；生產(chǎn)；制造 例：America produced more cars this year than last year．美國今年生產(chǎn)的汽車比去年多。 · ．· 2）演出；出版 例：We produced a new play last night. 昨晚我們上演一部新劇。 （2）pleasant 令人愉快的，舒適的，合意的，修飾物；同義詞 p

33、leased 高興的 例：① I’m pleased to see you．見到你我很高興。 ② It’s pleasant for me to see you．看到你真叫我高興。 自我測評: 1．The beautiful scenery will （留在）in my memory for ever. 2．1 went to the city，but my parents at home. A、got B．remained C．staying D．remaining 3．They are very

34、 to have a party． A．please B．pleased C．pleasant D．pleasure 4．Salt mostly (produce) in Tianjin． 疑難句子 1、Later he decided to taste the hot mixture . 后面他決定品嘗這種熱的混合物。 [注意decide to do sth．“決定去干某事”的意思。[拓展](1)taste的用法; 1)嘗，品嘗，辯味；嘗出……的味道；嘗到，感到，體驗； 例：①Please taste the soup

35、 and see if it has enough salt． 請嘗一口湯，看鹽夠不夠。 ②It tastes sweet．這東西吃起來很甜?！? 2) 味道，滋味，味覺 例：①It’s bitter to the taste．這味道是苦的。 ② Sugar has a sweet taste．糖有甜味。 (2)mixture 混合物，混合體 例)Air is a mixture of gases．空氣是各種氣體的混合物。 2、Knocking into players and falling down would be dangerous． 撞上選手摔一跤可能

36、很危險。 [分析](1)句中使用了動名詞作主語，需要注意的是動名詞作主語時謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 例：Walking on the grass is not allowed． 禁止在草地上行走。 (2)knock into sb．意為“撞到某人身上”。 例：When you knock into somebody，you should say sorry。當(dāng)你撞到別人的時候，應(yīng)該說對不起。 3、Basketball has also become a popular sport for people to watch , and many young people

37、dream of becoming famous basketball players．籃球也已成為更受觀眾喜愛的；年輕人渴望成為著名的籃球選手。 例：①It's time to go．該走了。(單純的修飾關(guān)系) ②He was the first teacher to come． 他是第一個來的老師。（邏輯主謂關(guān)系） ③Do keep your promise to write to us. 一定遵守諾言給我們寫信。(邏輯同位關(guān)系) 2)dream of夢想，向往，渴望 該短語為動介短語，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。 例：Little did I d

38、ream of ever seeing you again． 我做夢也沒有想到會再見到你。 自我測評一: 1．I wasn’t careful enough to an old man while walking along the street · A．knock off B．knock up C knock into D．knock out 2．The milk strange．Do you think it’s OK to drink? A．Was tasted B．tasted C．is tasting

39、 D．tastes 3．In the end, we decided (visit) the Great Wall． 4．It is important for you (read) English every day· 5．Linda dreams of (visit) the Great Wall some day． 6．Thomas Edison saved money (build) his own lab. 自我測評二： 把主動語態(tài)改為被動語 1、We don’t clean th

40、e classroom every day. The classroom ___________ every day. 2、We keep the noise under 50 dbs(分貝) here . The noise______________ under 50 dbs here. 3、Did they plant many fruit trees on the hill last spring? Many fruit trees on the hill last spr

41、ing? 4．Someone saw him swim in a Lake yesterday . He to swim in a Lake yesterday. 5、Do many people visit our school every day? Our school by many people every day? Reading : 一、課前預(yù)習(xí) 從課本中查出下列單詞的中文意思并抄寫 rank __________ __________________________________________

42、 metal __________ _________________________________________ divide…into ______ _________________________________________ knock into _______ __________________________________________ create __________ __________________________________________ develop __________ ___________________________

43、_________ below_________ __________________________________________ hoop ________ ___________________________________________ backboard _____ __________________________________________ guide ______ _________________________________________________ 二、 翻譯下列句子。 1 This much—loved and active

44、sport is enjoyed by many, for fun and exercise. ______________________________________________________________ 1. Dr Naismith created a game to be played on a hard wooden floor, so the safety of the players was important. ________________________________________________________________ 2. He div

45、ided the men in his class into two teams and taught them how to play his new game. _________________________________________________________________ 3. The aim of basketball is for player to get a ball into the basket: a net hanging from a metal hoop. _____________________________________________

46、___________________ 4. Then in 1936 in Berlin , it became an Olympic event. ______________________________________________________________ 5. A team from China took part, and although they didn’t win they use the experience to help develop the game at home. ______________________________________

47、____________________________ 三、自我測評 1.用方框中所給的單詞或短語填空。 are used for, in the end, in this way, according to , by mistake, by accident 1. They said the tea was discovered ___________. 2. – What ____ they ______ ? --- They are used for making things. 3. Yesterday Ann wore my hat ________, because mine is the same as hers. 4. He believes that his writing plan will succeed __________. 5. If you can do it ___________, you can save a lot of money. - 8 -