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111 Period 6 grammar 【大成目標(biāo)】（目標(biāo)解讀及課堂組織2分鐘） 1、 通過(guò)對(duì)句子觀察思考，了解三種基本時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、過(guò)去了進(jìn)行時(shí)的含義和基本形式及兩兩間的區(qū)別。（重點(diǎn)） 2、 通過(guò)填空練習(xí)和高考鏈接，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生做題速度及鞏固學(xué)生對(duì)三種時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用。（難點(diǎn)） 3、 通過(guò)寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練，把握運(yùn)用三種時(shí)態(tài)的準(zhǔn)確用法。 【使用說(shuō)明】 l 前查閱資料，了解三種時(shí)態(tài)的基本概念。 2、建議1課時(shí)。 基礎(chǔ)案（課中8分鐘） 自主學(xué)習(xí)，展示點(diǎn)評(píng) Step 1 Match the sentences with the names of the tenses. 1. past simple A. He survived. 2. past perfect B. He was driving a lorry. 3. past continuous C. He had had lots of jobs. Key: 1. A 2. C 3. B Step 2 Read the sentence and discuss the questions. 1. Before he volunteered to direct traffic, Timoteo had had lots of jobs. 2. He was driving a lorry when he came off the road. 3. Somehow he survived. 4. No one asked him to do the job. 5. He had been a miner and a solider. a. Which tense refers to actions in the past? b. Which tense refers to an action in progress when another thing happened? c. Which tense refers to something which happened before something else? keys: 1. a 2. b 3. a 4. a 5. c Step 3 Group Work. Ask Ss to find more examples of each tense in Part 3 of the passage The Human Traffic Signal. past simple past continuous past perfect Suggested answers: past simple He had a close encounter with death. He came off the road at a bend. past continuous He was working as a lorry driver. He was driving a lorry load of bananas. past perfect He had been a miner and a soldier. …a bus which had crashed at la curva del diablo. 升華案（18分鐘） 自主學(xué)習(xí)，小組討論，展示點(diǎn)評(píng)，教師點(diǎn)撥 溫馨提示 請(qǐng)根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)判斷時(shí)態(tài)。 Step 1 觀察思考各種時(shí)態(tài)特點(diǎn)（小組活動(dòng)） 1. a. He was born in 1995. b. When I was a child , I was taken to Shanghai once Suggested answers: past simple 有兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)，一是表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生在過(guò)去，而不是現(xiàn)在，常伴有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；二是說(shuō)話人在心中對(duì)動(dòng)作發(fā)生或狀態(tài)存在的時(shí)間是明確的。 2. a.. We had learnt four thousand new words by the end of last year. b. They had no sooner got home than it began to rain. Suggested answers: past perfect 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到過(guò)去某一時(shí)間，通常使用具有延續(xù)意義的動(dòng)詞，常帶有如by(the end of) +過(guò)去某時(shí)刻, since, for, when, before等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表示某動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去某時(shí)之前結(jié)束了，但其影響延續(xù)至當(dāng)時(shí)，通常使用短暫性動(dòng)詞. 3. a. At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp. b. What were you doing at eight last night? Suggested answers: past continuous 表示某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生、進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。句子常有表示“過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)”的狀語(yǔ)。 溫馨提示 請(qǐng)注意找出時(shí)間的參照點(diǎn)。 Step 2 觀察思考三種時(shí)態(tài)間的區(qū)別(小組活動(dòng)) 1. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別 Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night. Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night. 歸納總結(jié)： ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Suggested answers: 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)一種事實(shí)或結(jié)果；而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或尚未完成的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程。 2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別 They had done the work at five o’clock. They did the work at five o’clock. 歸納總結(jié)： ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ Suggested answers: 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某時(shí)(其時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在)，而過(guò)去完成時(shí)則表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某時(shí)之前(其時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)是過(guò)去)。 鞏固案（10分鐘） Step 1和Step 2限時(shí)完成（個(gè)體）→核對(duì)答案（個(gè)體）→研究錯(cuò)題原因（小組） Step 3個(gè)人寫(xiě)作，小組互改 (課后進(jìn)行) Step 1 Ask Ss to complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs in Activity 4. Suggested answers: (1) had done (2)was waiting (3) had seen/ saw (4) had asked/ asked （5）was crying (6) left (7) ran (8) was talking (9)had finished (10)did (11)knew (12)had happened (13) had forgotten (14) took (15)had frozen Step 2高考鏈接 1. （04四川 25） -- Has Sam finished his homework today? ---I have no idea. He _it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done 溫馨提示 以上題均為語(yǔ)境題，解題時(shí)應(yīng)注意相關(guān)考點(diǎn)在具體語(yǔ)境中的使用。 2. (04 北京春 24)－Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on. －Where was I? －You ______ you didn’t like your father’s job. A. had said B. said C. were saying D. had been saying 3. (2005 北京)He _________ more that 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned 4. (NMET 2002 23) –You haven’t said a word about my new coat, Brenda. Do you like it? --I’m sorry I ___ anything about it sooner. I certainly think it’s pretty on you. A. wasn’t saying B. don’t say C. won’t say D. didn’t say 5. (04北京春 34)______ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time! had fallen asleep B. have fallen asleep A. C. fell asleep D. fall asleep Keys: 1. C 2. C 3. D 4. D 5 C Step 3 Use the three tenses we just learnt to finish the play: Who is the thief ?() 開(kāi)頭部分 One day in the street, a lady’ s wallet had been stolen by someone… 【課堂小結(jié)】（2分鐘） 1. 是否掌握本節(jié)課目標(biāo)上的三種時(shí)態(tài)？ ? ? ?2. 存在的問(wèn)題？ 3. 本節(jié)課的收獲。 111