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1、Module 8Unit 3Language in use To summarise and consolidate the use of object clauses and attributive clausesObjectives賓語從句賓語從句object clauses1.When I wanted to learn the violin,my father told me that I should work harder at maths.2.I know that you will be better at maths.3.After I finished secondary

2、school,my results showed that I was better at doing things than at reading books.4.I had to decide how I wanted to make a living in the future.Observe the following sentences carefully.They are all from this module.5.Im sure that you all have your own memories about the happiness6.Mark tells people

3、that he is very happy about his choice.7.Everyone wants to study what they are good at,dont they?8.He believes that he has a bright future ahead of him.9.When people ask Mark what he is most interested in,he smiles.thatthat1.When I wanted to learn the violin,my father told me _ I should work harder

4、at maths.2.I know _ you will be better at maths.3.After I finished secondary school,my results showed _ I was better at doing things than at reading books.4.I had to decide _ I wanted to make a living in the future.thatgo Ready?how5.Im sure _ you all have your own memories about the happiness6.Mark

5、tells people _ he is very happy about his choice.7.Everyone wants to study _ they are good at,dont they?8.He believes _ he has a bright future ahead of him.9.When people ask Mark _ he is most interested in,he smiles.thatthatwhatthatwhat在復(fù)合句中，如作賓語在復(fù)合句中，如作賓語的是一個從句，該從句的是一個從句，該從句被稱為被稱為賓語從句賓語從句。We know L

6、i Na.主主 謂謂 賓賓We know that Li Na plays tennis very well.主主 謂謂賓語從句賓語從句學(xué)好賓語從句共有學(xué)好賓語從句共有三關(guān)三關(guān)需需要突破：要突破：連接詞連接詞語序語序時態(tài)時態(tài)Are you ready?從句來源從句來源連接詞連接詞備注備注陳述句陳述句that口語或非正式口語或非正式文體中常省略文體中常省略一般疑問句一般疑問句if/whether特殊疑問句特殊疑問句連接代詞：連接代詞：who;whom;whose;which;what 等等在句中擔(dān)任主、在句中擔(dān)任主、賓、定或表語。賓、定或表語。連接副詞：連接副詞：when;where;why;h

7、ow等等在句中擔(dān)任狀在句中擔(dān)任狀語語thatthat連接的賓語從句，用來陳述一件事或連接的賓語從句，用來陳述一件事或表達一種感情等，由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來。表達一種感情等，由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來。1.He says(that)he is listening to the weather report.2.I know that foreigners find China very different from their own countries.3.Im afraid(that)he cant come4.She asked us to imagine that we were in a story.

8、ifif或或whetherwhether連接的賓語從句，連接的賓語從句，由一般疑問由一般疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來句轉(zhuǎn)化而來，常放在常放在askask，seesee，knowknow，wonder,wonder,findfind outout等動詞等動詞/組后面組后面。?？蓳Q用?？蓳Q用,口語中多用口語中多用ifif。1.The old woman asked me if I knew the way to the hospital.2.-Is Peter there?-Hold on,please.Ill see if I can find him for you.3.Nobody knows wheth

9、er/if it will rain tomorrow.4.He wondered if/whether he had given correct answers.5.Id like to find out whether I am blacklisted.連接代詞連接代詞和和連接副詞連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句是由引導(dǎo)的賓語從句是由特特殊疑問句殊疑問句變化而來，要用變化而來，要用陳述句陳述句語序。語序。常放常放在在：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,find out,imagine,suggest,de

10、cide,find out,imagine,suggest,wonder,discover,understand,inform,wonder,discover,understand,inform,adviseadvise等動詞等動詞/組后面組后面。1.They havent decided who will go there.2.I want to know whom/who you are waiting for?3.Tell me what book you like to read.4.Tell me which book you like to read best of the thr

11、ee.5.Have the police discovered whose the special shoes are?1.I asked him why he smiled.2.Can you tell me where you are？3.Do you know when we will hold the sports meeting?4.I cant imagine how the thief entered my room.連接代詞連接代詞和和連接副詞連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句是由引導(dǎo)的賓語從句是由特特殊疑問句殊疑問句變化而來，要用變化而來，要用陳述句陳述句語序。常放語序。常放在：在：se

12、e,say,tell,ask,answer,know,see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,find out,imagine,suggest,decide,find out,imagine,suggest,wonder,discover,understand,inform,wonder,discover,understand,inform,adviseadvise等動詞等動詞/組后面。組后面。賓語從句用賓語從句用陳述語序陳述語序。如：。如：He is an honest boy.The teacher said.The teacher said（that）he

13、 was an honest boy.Does he work hard？I wonder.I wonder if/whether he works hard.When did he leave？I dont know.I dont know when he left.主句是主句是現(xiàn)在的時態(tài)現(xiàn)在的時態(tài)，從句的時態(tài)可，從句的時態(tài)可根根據(jù)實際情況而定據(jù)實際情況而定。如：。如：I hear that she has written three letters to the headmaster.Mr Green says that the snow was very heavy last month

14、.主句是主句是過去的某種時態(tài)過去的某種時態(tài)，從句一定要用從句一定要用過去的某種時態(tài)過去的某種時態(tài)。主句時態(tài)主句時態(tài)從句時態(tài)從句時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去進行時過去進行時如：如：We didnt know why she had missed the flight.He told me that he was watching a cartoon film at 10 oclock this morning.注意：注意：如果賓語從句表述的是如果賓語從句表述的是客觀真理、客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象等自然現(xiàn)象等時，不管主句是什

15、么時態(tài)，時，不管主句是什么時態(tài)，從句都要用從句都要用一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時。如：。如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.過了三關(guān)是不是頓時輕松過了三關(guān)是不是頓時輕松了呢？了呢？千萬別掉以輕心，還有一千萬別掉以輕心，還有一點需要提醒：點需要提醒：有些詞有有些詞有“兩副面孔兩副面孔”，見到了要，見到了要注意區(qū)分注意區(qū)分。if和和when既能既能引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，又能，又能引引導(dǎo)賓語從句導(dǎo)賓語從句。因此，遇到它們就要認真分。因此，遇到它們就要認真分析一下，它們究竟屬于析一下，它們究竟屬于“兩副面孔兩副面孔”的哪的哪一副。

16、如：一副。如：If it rains tomorrow,I wont come.（時間狀語從句）（時間狀語從句）I dont know if it will rain tomorrow.（賓語從句）（賓語從句）如果如果是否是否賓語從句三要素：賓語從句三要素：連接詞連接詞 that（陳述句）（陳述句）if/whether（一般疑問句）（一般疑問句）who;whom;whose;which;what when;where;why;how(特殊疑問句特殊疑問句)時態(tài)時態(tài) 主句主句為為一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時，從句從句可以是可以是任何時態(tài)任何時態(tài) 主句主句為為一般過去時一般過去時，從句從句進行進行相應(yīng)的變

17、化相應(yīng)的變化 客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象客觀真理，自然現(xiàn)象等等不變不變語序語序 陳述語序陳述語序定語從句定語從句attributive clauses1.These roses are to for the three most important things that I have learnt.2.I give the white rose to my teachers,who have taught me that there is no success without effort.3.I am sure that you all have your own memories and the

18、 people whom you want to thank for it.4.Mark Smith is a student at a vocational school a school where people learn.Observe the following sentences carefully.They are all from this module.5.Im the sort of person who is good at making things with my hands.6.Everyone needs a skill that is useful if the

19、y want a good life.7.Now I study the things that I like best.8.You cant have a society where everyone works in an office.9.Workers who can make things and repair things will always be needed.1.These roses are to for the three most important things _ I have learnt.2.I give the white rose to my teache

20、rs,_ have taught me that there is no success without effort.3.I am sure that you all have your own memories and the people _ you want to thank for it.4.Mark Smith is a student at a vocational school a school _ people learn.thatwhowhomwherego Ready?5.Im the sort of person _ is good at making things w

21、ith my hands.6.Everyone needs a skill _ is useful if they want a good life.7.Now I study the things _ I like best.8.You cant have a society _ everyone works in an office.9.Workers _ can make things and repair things will always be needed.whothatthatwherewho在復(fù)合句中，如作定語在復(fù)合句中，如作定語的是一個從句，該從句的是一個從句，該從句被稱為

22、被稱為定語從句定語從句。先行詞先行詞：是：是被定語從句所修飾的詞被定語從句所修飾的詞 （通常是名詞或代詞）（通常是名詞或代詞）關(guān)系詞的作用關(guān)系詞的作用：1.1.引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)定語從句定語從句2.2.在從句中替代先行詞，在定語從句在從句中替代先行詞，在定語從句中充當一定的成分，通常是主語或賓中充當一定的成分，通常是主語或賓語，作賓語時?？梢允÷浴ＵZ，作賓語時常可以省略。定語從句：定語從句：先行詞先行詞+關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞(that/which/who)+(that/which/who)+從句從句修飾修飾先行詞先行詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞指人指人that(作作主語、賓語主語、賓語或或表語表語)who(作作主語、賓語主語

23、、賓語或或表語表語)whom(作作賓語賓語)指物指物that(作作主語、賓語主語、賓語或或表語表語)which(作作主語主語或或賓語賓語)有時可代替有時可代替whom作賓語作賓語 Who is the girl that talked to you yesterday.Attributive clause關(guān)系詞在從關(guān)系詞在從句中做主語句中做主語先行詞是人先行詞是人 Look at the photos(that)I took on my trip.Attributive clause關(guān)系詞在從句關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語中作賓語先行詞是物先行詞是物It successfully shows the

24、rich culture which makes Beijing so famous.Attributive clause關(guān)系詞在從關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語句中作主語先行詞是物先行詞是物The photo(which)we liked best was taken by Zhao Min.Attributive clause先行詞是物先行詞是物關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語His father is the person who will be most unhappy.Attributive clause先行詞是人先行詞是人關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語 Tom is the

25、 boy(who/whom)we saw in the shop.Attributive clause先行詞是人先行詞是人關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語在先行詞是物的定語從句中，一般情在先行詞是物的定語從句中，一般情況下況下that和和which都可以通用都可以通用,但但在下在下列情況下列情況下,一般一般用用that而不用而不用which。I am sure she has something that you can borrow.1.1.先行詞為先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等等不定代詞時不定代

26、詞時。Ive read all the books that are not mine.2.先行詞被先行詞被all,little,much,every,no 等修飾時等修飾時。3.先行詞被先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時修飾時。This is the first book that he has read.E.g:This is the very book that belongs to him.4.先行詞被先行詞被the only,the very,the same,the last修飾時修飾時。5.先行詞為先行詞為人和物的組合人和物的組合。E.g:They talked for

27、an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.E.g:Which of the books that you borrowed from the library is the most interesting?6.若若主句中有疑問代詞主句中有疑問代詞who或者或者which,為了避免重復(fù)為了避免重復(fù),關(guān)系代詞不要再用關(guān)系代詞不要再用who,which，而用，而用that。以下部分為課本練習(xí)，供老師在對以下部分為課本練習(xí)，供老師在對答案時選擇使用。答案時選擇使用。1.Complete the sentences

28、using which,that,who or whom.Try to explain the meaning of the words in bold.1.Finger food is the food that/which we eat with our fingers.2.A handbag is a small bag _3.School-leavers are young people _4.A classmate is someone _5.A friend is someone _.6.A stranger is someone _.which women use to carr

29、y their things.who are leaving school.who is in the same class as me.I trustwhom I dont knowP68 1 12.Work in pairs.Look at the picture and the menu.Discuss the questions.P68 2 2Possible answers1.I think the party is international because the food is international.2.I think the people are cheering be

30、cause they are happy about what the speaker is saying.3.I think the speaker is saying that now the speech is over and it is time to eat!3.Complete the passage with the clauses in the box.aebcdP69 3 34.Join the words in Box A with the words in Box B to make new words.You need to use one word more tha

31、n once.after class hair handbag cut made mate noonABafternoon,classmate,haircut,handbag,handmadeP69 4 4Now complete the conversation with the new words.What are you going to wear to the school-leavers party?Im going to wear a dress.And Im going to buy a new black _.Do you want to go with me to the s

32、hopping centre to look for one?Sorry,I cant.Im having a(n)_ this _ at three Oclock.I want nice short hair for the party!Lingling:Betty:Lingling:handbaghaircutafternoonIll go with you,Betty.Im going to take photos,and I want to buy a book to put photos in.I hope that all of us will remember each othe

33、r.Im happy I have been your _.Ive already bought a special book for the photos.Its black,with _ paper pages.You can carry it on the big night,then.Itll match your clothes.Dont be silly,Tony!Tony:Betty:Betty:Tony:classmatehandmade5.Complete the sentences with the words or expressions in the box.beat

34、laugh at pardon roses wakeup1.Try to follow the _ of the music.2.Oh,_ me.I didnt see you there.3.Were going to put _ all around the room this year.4.I cant go to school wearing that everyone will _ me.5.Ill _ you _ when its time to leave.beatpardonroseslaugh atwakeupP70 5 56.Listen and answer the qu

35、estions.P70 6 6Possible answers1.Adam went to Africa.2.He helped to build a primary school.3.The people were very friendly.4.He visited the beaches.5.He wants to go to college and maybe become a teacher.7.Read the passage and choose the correct answer.bcdP71 7 71.“Underground”is the only word in the

36、 English language _ begins and ends with the letters“und”.(20142014河南河南)A.what B.that C.who D.whom 2.Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight?Im not sure.Is it in the hall _ can hold 300 people?(20142014鄂州鄂州)A.where B.what C.that D.when Choose the best answer.3.Do you know

37、 the man_ saved five people in the fire?(20142014宜賓宜賓)A.who B.it C.when D.whom 4.I really like the photo of my family _ my sister took in the city park last year.A.which B.who C.what D.whom 5.People _ overweight need more water than thin people.(20142014呼和浩特呼和浩特)A.who is B.which are C.that is D.who

38、are 6.In a text message,88 means Bye-bye.And another example is F2F _ stands for face to face.(20142014黃岡黃岡)A.that B.who C.whom D.it 7.Jack,could you tell me _ for travelling this summer?We plan to go and see the beautiful sea in Hainan.(20142014連云港連云港)A.where your family will go B.how will your family goC.how your family will go D.where will your family go 8.Mum,summer holiday is coming.I wonder _.How about Qinling Wild Zoo？(20142014陜西陜西)A.where can we go B.where we can go C.how we can go D.how we can go Finish the exercises in Learning English.Homework