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1、A Good Heart to Lean on,Unit 3,Background Information Words the team originally played for Brooklyn but now it no longer plays for Brooklyn. For more information, visit http://www.mcny.org/brookln2.htm,Words & Expressions,lean(title) adj. 貧乏的，瘦的balance keep a balance between A and B 保持均衡 lose ones b

2、alance 失去平衡 disturb the balance of ones mind 心神不寧,severe a severe headache 劇烈的頭疼 a severe punishment 嚴(yán)厲的懲罰 inwarda. an inward movement 向內(nèi)移動(dòng),cripple Clutural Notes: Whereas at one time it might have been acceptable to call a person a cripple if injuries or deformities kept him from walking properly,

3、it is no longer so. Nowadays we use the term handicapped person or disabled person/individual Some especially sensitive people prefer the terms: handi-capable person and specilly-abled person.,bother v. 打擾，麻煩 n. 費(fèi)心 coordinate vt. 使協(xié)調(diào) The plan was not very well coordinated. 那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃協(xié)調(diào)得不好。 pace n. keep pa

4、ce with 跟上，與...齊步并進(jìn) adjust (oneslf) to The body quickly adjusts itself to changes in temperature. 人體能很快自行調(diào)節(jié)以適應(yīng)氣溫變化。,despiteprep.in spite of 盡管，不管 They had a wonderful holiday despite the bad weather. 盡管天氣不好, 他們的假日仍然過(guò)得很愉快。 even if although 即使，雖然 Well go tomorrow even if it rains. 即使下雨，我們明天也去。,cling v

5、i.(clung, clung) . 堅(jiān)持，忠于 cling to+賓語(yǔ) He clung to his own idea. 他堅(jiān)持自己的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。 free of not containing something unpleasant What we need is a world free of war. 我們需要一個(gè)沒(méi)有戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的世界。,amaze vt. Notice: if be amazed is complemented by a how-clause, the preposition at can be omitted: You would be amazed (at) how dif

6、ficult the job was. 你要是知道那項(xiàng)任務(wù)有多難，你會(huì)大吃一驚的。,stress=emphasize 著重，強(qiáng)調(diào) vt. 后面直接跟賓語(yǔ) n. lay/place/put stress on/upon 重視，強(qiáng)調(diào) Grandmother put a great deal of stress on the importance of proper behavior. 祖母特別強(qiáng)調(diào)良好的行為舉止。 He stressed the need of careful planning. 他強(qiáng)調(diào)要精心計(jì)劃。,engage vi. engage in 參加，從事于 vt. be engage

7、d to sb. 和某人訂婚 be engaged to do sth. 被雇用 be engaged in doing sth.忙于 adjust to =adapt to,....found itself without a manager... find oneself+ prep./V.-ing/V.-ed At dusk, they found themselves at a valley. 黃昏時(shí)，他們來(lái)到一個(gè)山谷。 I found myself agreeing with everything she said. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)她說(shuō)什么我都同意。 They woke up to find

8、 themselves surrounded by water. 他們醒來(lái)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)被水包圍了。,contentadj.satisfied and happy滿(mǎn)足的，滿(mǎn)意的 be content to do be content with aid vt. give help or support 幫助，援助 computer-aided instruction/design(CAI/CAD) 計(jì)算機(jī)輔助教學(xué)/設(shè)計(jì),urge vt.竭力勸告；敦促 urge sb. to do sth. urge 之后的賓語(yǔ)從句需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 (should)+動(dòng)詞原形 I urge that he do his b

9、est. not does dive n. Taking a dive is becoming increasingly common in boxing. 假裝被擊倒在拳擊比賽中越來(lái)越常見(jiàn)。,take a dive: agree to lose a fight or game dishonestly, especially a boxing match. 假裝失敗 This is a slang expression, often used as a metaphor,meaning pretend defeat,as it is used in this sentence. The phr

10、ase comes from professional boxing when one boxer is paid in secret by gamblers to lose, so the gamblers can win their bets.(賭注),reluctance adj. be reluctant to do worthy adj. be worthy of= be worth+n. regret vt. 后悔；遺憾 regret+n./v-ing/to do/that-clause regret to do 因.....而感到悲哀或不開(kāi)心 I regret to hear o

11、f your failure of the exam. regret doing 因...而后悔 I regret not revising my text.,complainv. 抱怨，訴苦 complain to sb. about/of sth. complain about /of doing sth.,Old to New,seriously begin a journey surprise exactly join help force make sure,severely start out amaze precisely engage in aid

12、 urge see to,Words and ExpressionsOld to New,Chinese to English,保持平衡 難堪 協(xié)調(diào)一致 缺勤 免受 使遭受 參加（活動(dòng)） 開(kāi)玩笑,keep ones balance embarrass coordinate miss free of subject to engage in/participate in... kid,Words and ExpressionsC to E,1. We went to see the exhibition ____ the s

13、torm. A. but for B. in spite C. in spite of D. despite of 2. My camera can be ______ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions. A. treated B. adjusted C. accepted D. suited,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,3. He leaned ______ the view that we started off at once. A. towards B.

14、over C. on D. upon 4. She always makes some _______ over shortages and high prices. A. dislikes B. complaints C. troubles D. discontents,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,5. The manager assured the customer that his complaint would be seen _____ immediately. A. on B. at C. to D

15、. with,6. _____ his great wealth, he always remained a man of simple tastes. A. Except for B. With regard to C. Although D. Despite,Words and ExpressionsWord Using,1. More than I realized, Dad has helped me keep my balance. Meaning: 我完全沒(méi)有意識(shí)到，正是父親幫助我保持心態(tài)平衡。 2. I would inwardly struggle at the un

16、wanted attention. (Para. 1) Meaning: 對(duì)于這種討厭的注視，我打心里感到別扭。,Language Points,3. If he ever noticed or was bothered, he never let on. (Para. 1) Meaning: 即使父親注意到這些或感到不安，他也從不表露出來(lái)。 Note that the conjunction if is used here to mean although. More examples: If shes poor, at least shes honest. 她雖然窮，至少她是誠(chéng)實(shí)的 It

17、was a nice meal, if a little expensive. 那是一頓美餐，雖然貴了點(diǎn)。,4. It was difficult to coordinate our stepshis halting, mine impatient... (Para. 2) Meaning: 我們的步伐很難協(xié)調(diào)一致---他常常停下腳步，而我的步子卻顯得不耐煩。 分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) 5. But as we started out, he always said, You set the pace. I will try to adjust to you. (Para. 2) Meaning: 但每次

18、出門(mén)時(shí)，他總說(shuō)，“你按你的步調(diào)走，我跟著你。”,6. He went to work sick, and despite nasty weather.(Para. 3) Meaning: 他生病或天氣惡劣時(shí)也堅(jiān)持上班。 Here the adjective sick indicates a clause even when he was sick. More examples: He went to bed hungry last night. 他昨晚是餓著肚子上床睡覺(jué)的。,7. ... and would make it to the office even if others could

19、not. (Para. 3) Meaning: 他總是準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)到辦公室，即使別人做不到。 8. It was a matter of pride. (Para. 3) Meaning: It (getting to the office on time) was something that my father was proud of. 這是件可以引以為榮的事。,9. Once there, he would cling to the handrail until he reached the lower steps that the warmer tunnel air kept free of

20、 ice. (Para. 4) Meaning: 一到那兒，他就緊抓著地鐵口的扶手一直往走下,因?yàn)榈罔F內(nèi)比較暖和，下面幾級(jí)臺(tái)階沒(méi)有冰雪。 Once 作為連詞引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句 一...就..... Once (it is) damaged, it takes many years for the environment to recover. 環(huán)境一旦遭到破壞，需要許多年才能恢復(fù)（正常）。,10. When I think of it now, I am amazed at how much courage it must have taken for a grown man to subject

21、himself to such shame and stress. (Para. 5) Meaning:現(xiàn)在回想起來(lái)，我不禁感嘆：像他那樣一個(gè)成年人，要有多大的勇氣才能承受這樣的屈辱和壓力。,11. And at how he did itwithout bitterness or complaint. (Para. 5) Meaning: (I am amazed) at how he subjected himself to shame and stress without pain or complaining. 而當(dāng)時(shí)他卻顯得毫無(wú)痛苦，也沒(méi)怨言。 12. He never talked

22、 about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able. (Para. 6) Meaning: 他從不說(shuō)自己可憐，也從不表現(xiàn)對(duì)那些比他幸運(yùn)或健康的人的羨慕。,13. What he looked for in others was a good heart... (Para. 6) Meaning: 他從別人那兒尋找的是一顆“好心”。 Note that good heart is used to refer to the kind, honest, and gene

23、rous nature of a person. 14. ... I believe that is a proper standard by which to judge people... (Para. 7) Meaning: 我相信這是判斷一個(gè)人的適當(dāng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。,15. But I know at times I dont have one myself. (Para. 7) Meaning:但我知道自己有時(shí)候并沒(méi)有這么一顆“好心”。 16. Unable to engage in many activities,my father still tried to participate in

24、 some way. (Para. 8) Meaning: 雖然很多活動(dòng)父親都不能參加，但他還是試著以某種方式來(lái)參與。 Here unable to...用來(lái)表示讓步。英語(yǔ)中形容詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)常放在句首用來(lái)表示讓步或原因等。 Rather nervous, the man opened the letter. 那個(gè)人很緊張，拆開(kāi)了信。,17. When a local baseball team found itself without a manager, he kept it going. (Para. 8) Meaning: 當(dāng)?shù)匾粋€(gè)棒球隊(duì)缺少經(jīng)理時(shí)，是他使球隊(duì)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。 18.He l

25、iked to go to dances and parties, where he could have a good time just sitting and watching. (Para. 8) Meaning:他喜歡參加各種舞會(huì)和聚會(huì)，雖然在那兒他只能坐著觀(guān)看，卻也覺(jué)得很享受。 have a good (hard, difficult, etc.) time doing sth.,19. On one occasion a fight broke out at a beach party, with everyone punching and shoving. (Para. 9)

26、Meaning: 記得在一次沙灘聚會(huì)上，發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)毆斗，人人都揮拳上陣，相互推撞。 20. He wasnt content to sit and watch, but he couldnt stand unaided on the soft sand. (Para. 9) Meaning: 他不滿(mǎn)足只是坐著觀(guān)看，但在松軟的沙地上如果沒(méi)人幫助，他又站不起來(lái)。,21. But the next day people kidded him by saying it was the first time any fighter was urged to take a dive before the

27、fight began. (Para. 10) Meaning:第二天，人們和他開(kāi)玩笑，說(shuō)是第一次聽(tīng)到拳擊手在開(kāi)打之前，就有人要求他倒地服輸。 22. And when I came home on leave, he saw to it that I visited his office. (Para. 11) Meaning: 我休假回家時(shí)，他一定要我去參觀(guān)他的辦公室。,23. .. and I could have done this, too, if things had been different. (Para. 11) Meaning: 如果我沒(méi)瘸，我也會(huì)和他一樣。 24. I

28、wonder if he sensed my reluctance to be seen with him during our walks. (Para. 12) Meaning: 不知他當(dāng)時(shí)是否留意在我們同行時(shí)，我不愿意被人看到。,25. If he did, I am sorry I never told him how sorry I was, how unworthy I was, how I regretted it. (Para. 12) Meaning: 若他確實(shí)注意到了，那我很慚愧當(dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)能告訴他我是多么對(duì)不起他，我是多么不孝，我是多么后悔。 26. I think of hi

29、m when I complain about trifles when I am envious of anothers good fortune, when I dont have a good heart.(Para. 12) Meaning: 每當(dāng)我因一些瑣事而怨天尤人時(shí)，每當(dāng)我嫉妒別人比我運(yùn)氣好的時(shí)候，每當(dāng)我沒(méi)有一顆好心的時(shí)候，我就會(huì)想起他。,A. The Way to Develop This Passage:,Structure Analysis,Narrations + Comments,How does a crippled father help his son keep

30、balance through his deep care for others? The writer narrates this story with comments.,Can you identify the comments from the narration?,Text StudyStructure Analysis,Narration,Comments,Comments,Text StudyStructure Analysis,Typical expressions for narrating?,General Point + Examples,The story inclu

31、des some paragraphs in which the writer starts with a general point and then presents a number of examples to support his point. Look at one of the paragraphs.,B. The Way to Develop Paragraphs:,Text StudyStructure Analysis,Paragraph 11 = General Point +,Example 1 Example 2 Example 3,Text StudyStruct

32、ure Analysis,Example 3,A general point:,I now know he participated in some things through me, his only son.,visited his office,Example 1,Example 2,played ball,joined the Navy,,,,,,,Text StudyUnderstanding,Example 1,Example 2,,A general point:,My father tried to participate in many activities in some

33、 way.,keep the team going as a manager,go to dances and parties,,,,,,Text StudyUnderstanding,____ Paras. 12,____ Paras. 34,____ Paras. 57,____ Paras. 811,____ Paras.1213,d. How my father went to work.,c. My father participated in many things in some way.,b. I miss my father very much.,e. I was embarrassed to be seen with my father.,a. What my father looked for was a good heart, not pity.,e,d,a,c,b,Text StudyUnderstanding,Find the topic,Thank you!,