高中英語(yǔ) Unit 1《Friendship》 語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)教案 新人教版必修1
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111 Unit 1 Friendship 單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽(旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)) 詞匯 部分 詞語(yǔ) 辨析 1. ignore / neglect / overlook 2. cheat / fool 3. calm / quiet / silent / still 4. join / join in / take part in / attend 詞形 變化 1. ignore vt. 忽視 ignorance n. 無(wú)知 ignorant adj.無(wú)知的 2. dusk n. 黃昏; 傍晚 dusky adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的 3. add v. ?添加; 增加 addition ?n. ?加, 附加 additional adj. ?添加的;附加的 重點(diǎn) 單詞 1. upset adj. 心煩意亂的,不安的;不適的 vt. (upset, upset) 2. concern v. 擔(dān)憂; 涉及; 關(guān)系到 n. 擔(dān)心,關(guān)注;(利害)關(guān)系 3. settle vt. 安家; 定居;停留vt. 使定居,安家;解決 4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受;忍受;經(jīng)歷 5. disagree vt. 不同意 重點(diǎn) 詞組 1. add up合計(jì) 2. go through 經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)受 3. on purpose 故意 4. get along with 與某人相處;(工作的) 進(jìn)展 5. in order to為了…… 重點(diǎn)句子 1. Mother asked her if / whether she was very hot with so many clothes on. 2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do … 3. … it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face. 重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法 直接引語(yǔ)和間接引語(yǔ) (見(jiàn)語(yǔ)法部分) 語(yǔ)言要點(diǎn)(模塊) Ⅰ.詞語(yǔ)辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. ignore / neglect / overlook 【解釋】 ignore 通常指有意不顧,或不理會(huì)顯而易見(jiàn)的事物。 neglect 側(cè)重指有意的忽略或忽視,也可指粗心與疏忽。 overlook 指因匆忙而疏忽或視而不見(jiàn)。 【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 We could not afford to _________ such a serious offence. 2). He utterly ________ my warnings and met with an accident. 3). Don’t ________ paying him a visit now and then. 答案: 1). overlooked 2). ignored 3). neglect 2. cheat / fool 【解釋】 cheat 主要指盈利的買(mǎi)賣(mài)中或游戲競(jìng)賽中欺騙人,騙取人的錢(qián)等。 fool “愚弄”,指利用人缺乏常識(shí),心理脆弱來(lái)欺騙人。 【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1). You may get _________ in that shop. 2). He can’t __________ her. She sees through him every time. 答案: 1). cheated 2). fool 3. calm / quiet / silent / still 【解釋】 calm 天氣、水、水面(表風(fēng)平浪靜);(指人時(shí))表示鎮(zhèn)定自如。 quiet 表“寧?kù)o”、“安靜”、“寂靜”,側(cè)重沒(méi)有響聲,沒(méi)有噪音和沒(méi)有動(dòng)靜。指人時(shí)側(cè)重性格溫和,文靜。 silent 表“沉默”、“不發(fā)言”、“不說(shuō)話”,常常表示人不愛(ài)說(shuō)話,沉默無(wú)語(yǔ)。 still “不動(dòng)的”,指人時(shí)側(cè)重一動(dòng)不動(dòng),;指物時(shí)指完全沒(méi)有聲音,突出靜止不動(dòng)。 【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1). Please stand __________ while I take your photo. 2). Why do you keep __________? 3). Everything was ___________. 4). He remained ___________ in the face of the enemy. 答案: 1). still 2). silent 3). quiet 4). calm 4. join / join in / take part in / attend 【解釋】 join 表示參加組織、黨派、團(tuán)體、軍隊(duì)、俱樂(lè)部等 join in 表示參加游戲、活動(dòng)等;join sb. (in sth.) 表(和某人一起)做某事 take part in表示參與、參加討論、游行、比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、斗爭(zhēng)、運(yùn)動(dòng)、慶祝等 attend 主要指出席、參加會(huì)議、婚禮;聽(tīng)講座、課、報(bào)告、音樂(lè)會(huì)等;上學(xué)、教堂 【練習(xí)】用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1). Can I ___________ the game? 2). Did you ____________ the fighting? 3). He __________ the army last year. 4). A lot of people __________ her wedding. 答案: 1). join in 2). take part in 3). joined 4)attended Ⅱ.詞性變化 (旨在提供語(yǔ)法填空所需材料) 1. ignore vt. 忽視 ignorance n. 無(wú)知 ignorant adj.無(wú)知的 2. dusk n. 黃昏; 傍晚 dusky. adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的 3. add v. ?添加; 增加 addition ?n. ?加, 附加 additional adj. ?添加的;附加的 【練習(xí)】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1) I can't __________ his rudeness any longer. (ignore) 2) To say you were ________ of the rules is no excuse. ( ignore) 3) We are in complete ___________ of your plans. (ignore) 4) There is ____________ light inside the cave. (dusk) 5) The street lights come on at ____________ and go off at dawn. (dusk ) 6) Many words have been ____________ to this edition of the dictionary. (add) 7) They've just had an ____________ to the family. (add) 8) There are _____________ charges. (add) 答案: 1) ignore 2)ignorant 3) ignorance 4) dusky 5) dusk 6) added 7) addition 8) additional Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)詞匯 (旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料) 1. upset adj. 心煩意亂的,不安的;不適的 vt. (upset, upset) [典例] 1). Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. 她一來(lái)把我們周末的安排給打亂了。 2). Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done. 不要難過(guò)--并沒(méi)有造成傷害。 3). He was horribly upset over her illness. 他為她的病而憂心忡忡。 4). The students really upset her. 學(xué)生們著實(shí)讓她煩惱。 [重點(diǎn)用法] be upset by… 被…… 打亂 upset oneself about sth 為某事煩惱 [練習(xí)] 用upset的適當(dāng)形式填空 1). Is it ______ you, dear? 2). She felt rather ______ on hearing the news. 3). Is it an ______ message? 4). Don’t be ______. It will be OK. 答案: 1). upsetting 2). upset 3). upsetting 4).upset 2. concern v. 擔(dān)憂; 涉及; 關(guān)系到 n. 擔(dān)心,關(guān)注;(利害)關(guān)系 [典例] 1). The news concerns your brother. 這消息與你兄弟有關(guān)。 2). The boy's poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康狀況不佳,使他的父母親憂慮。 3). That's no concern of mine. 那不關(guān)我的事。 [重點(diǎn)用法] as / so far as … be concerned 關(guān)于;至于;就……而言 be concerned about 關(guān)心 be concerned at / over sth. 為某事憂慮 be concerned in sth. 牽涉到,與……有關(guān),參與 [練習(xí)] 用concern的適當(dāng)形式填空 1). There is an article that _______ the rise of the prices. 2). The children are rather _____ about their mother’s health. 3). Officials should ______ themselves _______ public affairs. 答案: 1). concerns 2). concerned 3). concern … with 3. settle vt. 安家;定居;停留 vt. 使定居,安家;解決 [典例] 1). He settled his child in a corner of the compartment. 他把孩子安頓在車(chē)廂的一個(gè)角落里。 2). The family has settled in Canada. 這家人已定居加拿大。 3). Both wanted to settle their scores. 雙方都愿意捐棄前嫌。 [重點(diǎn)用法] settle down 鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái) settle in 在…定居 [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 都十一點(diǎn)了,她安不下心來(lái)工作。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 題目這么難,誰(shuí)能解決? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案: 1). It’s eleven o’clock now, but she cannot settle to work. 2). Since it is so difficult, who can settle this problem? 4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受;忍受;經(jīng)歷 [典例] 1). Do you suffer from headaches? 你常頭痛嗎? 2). She's suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遺忘癥。 [重點(diǎn)用法] suffer from/with/for sth 感到疼痛﹑ 不適﹑ 悲傷等; 受苦; 吃苦頭: [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1).我們?cè)诮鹑谖C(jī)中損失慘重。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2).他的腳痛得不得了。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案: 1). We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis. 2). He suffers terribly with his feet. 5. disagree vt. 不同意 [典例] 1). Even friends sometimes disagree with each other. 即便是朋友也有時(shí)意見(jiàn)不一。 2). We disagreed on future plans. 我們對(duì)未來(lái)的計(jì)劃產(chǎn)生了分歧。 [重點(diǎn)用法] disagree with sb/what sb says/sb's decision 不同意某人的觀點(diǎn)[某人的話/某人的決定] [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 羅馬的報(bào)道與米蘭的不符。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 他不同意讓我早些回家。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ Key: 1). The reports from Rome disagree with those from Milan. 2). He disagreed to let me go home early. Ⅳ.重點(diǎn)詞組 (旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料) 1. add up 加起來(lái) [典例] 1). Add up your scores and see how many points you can get. 把你的得分加起來(lái),看看你能得幾分。 2). Tom, what do ten, twenty and five add up to? 湯姆,10,20和5加起來(lái)是多少? [短語(yǔ)歸納] add (…) to …. (把什么)加入…中 add up to … 加起來(lái)是 [練習(xí)] 用add的適當(dāng)形式或構(gòu)成的詞組填空 1). Will you _____ some more students to this project? 2). Small numbers _____ a large one. 3). 50 _______ 50 equals 100. 答案: 1). add 2). add up to 3). added 2. go through 經(jīng)歷;經(jīng)受 [典例] 1). The country has gone through too many wars. 這個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)歷了太多的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。 2). She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近經(jīng)歷了一段困難時(shí)期。 [短語(yǔ)歸納] go after追求,追趕 go ahead前進(jìn);請(qǐng)說(shuō)(做)吧 go by走過(guò),(時(shí)間)過(guò)去 go along with向前,(與……)一起去 go in for愛(ài)好,從事 go out外出;(燈,火)熄滅 go over越過(guò);復(fù)習(xí) go up爬上,(價(jià)格等)上升 [練習(xí)] 用go 構(gòu)成的詞組填空 1). It is wise not to ____ with this plan. 2). Prices ______ a little now. People are happy. 3). Anyway, don’t always_______ at night by yourself. 4). I am tired. I want to _____ now. 答案: 1). go on with 2). go up 3). go home 4). go to bed 3.on purpose 故意,有目的地 [典例] The boy broke Jack’s window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack. 那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的,他想嚇一下杰克。 [短語(yǔ)歸納] do sth. on purpose: 故意做某事 on purpose 表示故意地、有企圖、有目的地 [練習(xí)]用 purpose的相關(guān)詞匯填空 1). He didn’t do it ______. 2). What was your ____ ? 答案: 1). on purpose 2). purpose 4. get along with 與某人相處;(工作的) 進(jìn)展 [典例] 1). He is not easy-going. It’s very hard to get along with him 他不是個(gè)隨和的人,很難相處。 2). How are you getting along with your work? 工作進(jìn)展如何? [短語(yǔ)歸納] get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 與……相處得好/不好,……進(jìn)展順利/不順利 get away離開(kāi),逃離 get down下來(lái);寫(xiě)下,取下 get down to (doing)開(kāi)始認(rèn)真干…… get over克服,擺脫 get through通過(guò),做完 get together聚集 [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1). 你現(xiàn)在和同事相處得好不好? __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2). 她已重新獲得從前那份工作。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案: 1). Are you getting along well with your colleagues? 2). She's got her old job back. 6. in order to… 為了……(可置于句首或句中) [典例] 1). She arrived early in order to get a good seat. 她到得很早, 圖的是得個(gè)好座位。 2). I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. 我同意她的建議是為了不讓她傷心。 [短語(yǔ)歸納] in order that… 以便……(后跟句子) so that…以便……(后跟句子) so as to為了……(只能置于句中,不能置于句首) [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1. 他早早動(dòng)身好按時(shí)到達(dá)。 2. 她拼命干以便能到6點(diǎn)時(shí)把一切都準(zhǔn)備好。 答案: 1.He left early in order to/so as to/in order that/so that he should/would/might arrive on time. 2. In order to get everything ready by 6 o'clock, she worked hard. Ⅴ.重點(diǎn)句子 (旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料) 1. Mom asked her if (whether) she was very hot with so many clothes on. 媽媽問(wèn)她穿那么多衣服是不是很熱。 [解釋] with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu): with + 賓語(yǔ)+ v. –ing / v. –ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases 由“介詞with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)” 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中通常作為狀語(yǔ),表示背景情況,為方式,原因或條件等,另外,該結(jié)構(gòu)也可以作為定語(yǔ)使用。下面簡(jiǎn)述幾種情況: 1) 如果在該結(jié)構(gòu)中的分詞表示的動(dòng)作是由前面的名詞或代詞發(fā)出的,構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系,該分詞用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。 2) 如果分詞表示的動(dòng)作與前面的名詞或代詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,該分詞用過(guò)去分詞形式。 3) 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)也可以使用介詞短語(yǔ),形容詞或副詞來(lái)充當(dāng)。 [典例] 1.with + 賓語(yǔ) + 副詞,如: The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on (= while all the lights are on). With his parents away (= As his parents are away), Tom becomes more naughty. 2.with + 賓語(yǔ) + 介詞短語(yǔ),如: The teacher came in with a book in his hand (= while a book was in his hand). The girl looked up with tears in her eyes (= while tears were in her eyes). 3.with + 賓語(yǔ) + 現(xiàn)在分詞,如: With summer corning (= As summer is corning), the weather is becoming hotter and hotter. With the teacher standing beside (= As the teacher was standing beside),she felt a bit uneasy. 4.with + 賓語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞,如: With the work done (= As the work had been done), she felt greatly relieved. With his hair cut (= As his hair has been cut), he looks much younger. 5.with + 賓語(yǔ) + 不定式,如: With her to go with us (= As she will go with us), we're sure to have a pleasant journey. With Mr Smith to teach them English next term(= As Mr Smith will teach them English) , they will be greatly improved in spoken English. [練習(xí)] 中譯英: 1. 那房子昨晚發(fā)生火災(zāi),結(jié)果里面的東西都燒光了。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 下學(xué)期史密斯先生教他們英語(yǔ),他們的口語(yǔ)會(huì)大有提高。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 隨著冬天的到來(lái),天氣越來(lái)越冷。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1. The house caught a big fire last night , with nothing left in it. 2. With Mr Smith to teach them English next term , they will be greatly improved in spoken English. 3. With winter corning, the weather is becoming colder and colder. 2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do … 我不愿意像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水帳…… [解釋] as引導(dǎo)的從句為比較狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“像大多數(shù)人那么做”。 as 用作連詞,可引導(dǎo)下列狀語(yǔ)從句: 1). 引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與從句謂語(yǔ)的同時(shí)性 As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening. 隨著他年紀(jì)越來(lái)越大,他失去了對(duì)所有事物的興趣,除了園藝。 2). 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“盡管,雖然,即使”(從句需倒裝) Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt. 盡管天氣冷,我哥只穿了一件襯衫。 3). 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“以……方式”。 Why didn’t you take the medicine as I told you to? 為什么你沒(méi)有按我說(shuō)的服這藥? 4). 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句 (=since; because),“由于,因?yàn)椤薄? As you were not there, I left a message. 因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)你不在那,所以我給你留了便條。 5) 引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句。 She is as tall as you. 她和你一樣高。 [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1. 隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)我越來(lái)越對(duì)科學(xué)感興趣。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. 由于雨下得很大,你最好穿上雨衣。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 他學(xué)習(xí)很努力,但考試還是沒(méi)及格。 __________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案: 1. As l get older l get more interested in science. 2. As it is raining hard,you'd better put on your raincoat. 3. Hard as he worked,he failed in the exam. 3. It is/was the…time that… ……第幾次…… [解釋] that從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用完成時(shí)態(tài)。 1). It is the first time that he has heard this song. [練習(xí)] 中譯英 1. 這是他第二次來(lái)中國(guó)。 2.這是我第一次舉辦畫(huà)展。 —————————————————————————————————————————————— 答案: 1. It is the second time that he has come to China. 2. 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