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111 Unit5《The power of nature》（新人教版選修6） Ⅰ.重要單詞聚焦 1．erupt vi.　　　　 (指火山)爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生 2．hurricane n. 颶風(fēng)；風(fēng)暴 3．a(chǎn)ppoint vt. 任命；委派 4．evaluate vt. 評(píng)估；評(píng)價(jià)；估計(jì) 5．wave n. 波浪；波濤 　 vi. 波動(dòng)；起伏；揮手 6．fountain n. 噴泉；源泉 7．a(chǎn)bsolute adj. 絕對(duì)的；完全的 8．suit n. 一套外衣；套裝 　 vt. 適合；使適宜 9．potential n. 潛在性；可能性；潛能 　　　adj. 可能的；潛在的 10．precious adj. 貴重的；珍貴的 11．unconscious adj. 失去知覺的；未察覺的 12．shoot (shot，shot) vt. 射中；射傷 13．tremble vi. 搖晃；搖動(dòng)；顫抖 14．a(chǎn)nxious adj. 憂慮的；不安的 15．a(chǎn)nxiety n. 擔(dān)心；焦慮；渴望 16．panic (panicked，panicked) vi.& vt. 驚慌 n. 驚慌；恐慌 17．a(chǎn)ppreciation n. 欣賞；感激；感謝 18．guarantee vt. 保證；擔(dān)保 Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語掃描 1．be suitable for 適合……2．be appointed as 被任命為…… 3．be anxious about 因……而焦慮 4． from...to... vary 由……到……不等 5． make one’s way to 前往…… 6． burn to the ground 全部焚毀 7．be buried under the ruins 被埋在廢墟下 8． through glance 匆匆看一遍 9．have a gift for 有……天賦 Ⅲ.課文原句突破 1．Having earlier collected special clothes from the observatory，we put them on before we went any closer. [信息提取]　“……才”，用于強(qiáng)調(diào)主句所表達(dá)的時(shí)間很長(zhǎng)或花費(fèi)的力量比較大。 [例句仿寫]　三年之后我們才能再見面。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________we can meet again. 【答案】　It will be three years before 2．It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for language and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people. [信息提取]　It is said that...據(jù)說……，是一個(gè)固定句式。 [例句仿寫]　據(jù)說那部電影非常好。 ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________fairly good. 【答案】　It is said that the film is 3．The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them. [信息提取]　this being my first experience是“代詞＋v.-ing”構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作原因狀語。 [例句仿寫]　由于眼鏡破了，她看不清黑板上的字。 ________ ________ ________，she couldn’t see words on the black board. 【答案】　Her glasses broken[4．Do you think you would enjoy studying volcanoes as a job? [信息提取]　enjoy vt.享受，欣賞(＋n./pron./v.-ing) [例句仿寫]　在這個(gè)國(guó)家，兒童享受免費(fèi)教育。 In this country children________ ________ ________. 【答案】　enjoy free education appoint vt. (1)任命，委派 We must appoint someone to act as secretary. 我們得指定一個(gè)人當(dāng)秘書。 Who shall we appoint as chairman？我們選派誰擔(dān)任主席呢？ (2)約定(時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等) appoint sth.(for sth.)(為某事)確定(日期、場(chǎng)所) The time appointed for the meeting was 10∶30. 規(guī)定開會(huì)的時(shí)間是10點(diǎn)30分。 appointment n．任命；約會(huì) make an appointment with sb.與某人約會(huì) keep/break an appointment守/違約 I have an appointment with my old friend this Sunday. 我和老朋友在這個(gè)星期天見面。 You’d better not break your appointment. 你最好不要失約。 1．I called the airline to________my flight reservation a week before I left for Canada. A．a(chǎn)ppoint　　　　　　　　B．obtain C．confirm D．a(chǎn)dmit 【答案】　A suit v．適合某人，對(duì)(某人)方便 ①The new dress suited her very well. 那套新服裝和她很相配。②The seven o’clock train will suit us very well. 七點(diǎn)鐘那一班火車對(duì)我們很合適。 ③If you want to go by bus，that suits me fine. 如果你想坐公共汽車去，那對(duì)我很方便。 ④Would it suit you to come at five？你五點(diǎn)鐘來行嗎？ 辨析：fit，suit與match (1)fit多指衣服等尺寸、大小合身，合適。 I tried the dress on but it didn’t fit.It was too small. 我試穿了那件連衣裙，但不合身。它太小了。 (2)suit指衣服等顏色、款式、花樣等適合。 Does this skirt suit me？這條裙子我穿著好看嗎？ (3)match意為“使相稱，使相配，使匹配”，指事物在大小、色調(diào)、性質(zhì)等方面的搭配。 Her clothes don’t match her age.她的服裝和年齡不相配。 2．—What can I do for you?—I want to buy a red tie to________my new shirt. A．fit B．match C．suit D．be fit for 【解析】　match多指大小、形狀、性質(zhì)等方面的搭配，符合語境。 【答案】　B 3．Her shoes______her dress；they look very well together. A．suit B．fit C．compare D．match 【解析】　句意為：她的鞋和她的裙子很匹配，搭配得很好。本題考查一組近義詞辨析。suit是指顏色、花樣或款式等相配，fit是大小、尺寸等正合適；compare比較；match指兩個(gè)東西相稱、匹配。 【答案】　D 4．—How about eight o’clock outside the cinema? —That________me fine. A．fit B．meets C．satisfies D．suits 【解析】　本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。fit多指“(大小、形狀等)適合，吻合”；suit多指“合乎需要、口味、條件等”；meet，satisfy常表示“滿足(需要)，符合(要求)”。 【答案】　D anxious adj.憂慮的；不安的 I’m very anxious about my son’s health. 我非常擔(dān)心兒子的健康。 She was anxious for them all to leave her room. 她渴望他們?nèi)慷茧x開她的房間。 Many people were anxious to volunteer their service to the earthquake-stricken areas.很多人急于去地震災(zāi)區(qū)當(dāng)志愿者。 anxiety n．擔(dān)心；憂慮；渴望 with anxiety焦慮地[anxiously adv.焦慮地；不安地 We waited for news with a growing sense of anxiety. 我們等待著消息，越來越焦急。 5．My mother always gets a bit________if we don’t arrive when we say we will. A．a(chǎn)nxious B．a(chǎn)shamed C．weak D．patient 【解析】　根據(jù)句意“如果我們不能在我們說的時(shí)間到達(dá)，母親總是有點(diǎn)焦慮”選A。ashamed羞愧的；weak虛弱的；patient耐心的。 【答案】　A[panic (1)vi.& vt.(panicked/panicking)(使人或動(dòng)物)受驚；驚慌 The crowd panicked at the sound of the guns. 人們聽到槍聲感到驚慌。 (2)n.驚慌；恐慌 She got into a real panic when she thought she’d lost the tickets. 她十分驚慌，以為自己把入場(chǎng)券丟了。 Shoppers fled the street in panic after two bombs exploded in central London.兩枚炸彈在倫敦市中心爆炸之后，購物者驚慌失措地逃離了那條街。 6．He________and ran as fast as he could to safety. A．paniced B．panicked C．to panic D．panicking 【解析】　句意為“他很驚慌，趕快跑到安全的地方”。panic的過去式和過去分詞是panicked；另外，空白處是句子的謂語，非謂語形式是不能獨(dú)立作謂語的。 【答案】　B guarantee (1)vt.擔(dān)保 ①We guarantee to deliver within a week. 我們保證一周內(nèi)送到。 ②Take this opportunity，and I guarantee you won’t regret it. 抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)吧，我保證你不會(huì)后悔的。 ③Even if you complete your training，I can’t guarantee you a job. 即使你完成了培訓(xùn)，我也無法保證你能有工作 (2)n.保證，保證書，保修單 ④Wealth is not a guarantee of happiness.財(cái)富不是幸福的保證。 ⑤You have my guarantee that I’ll finish the job on time. 我向你保證按時(shí)完成工作。 7．Can you________me a job when I get there？You know，I have to work in order to pay for my schooling. A．provide B．guarantee C．a(chǎn)rrange D．a(chǎn)pply 【解析】　考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)本題中的“I have to work in order to pay for my schooling”可知，說話者必須支付學(xué)費(fèi)，在這種情況下，其最想問的應(yīng)當(dāng)是能不能保證給他找到一個(gè)工作，所以D項(xiàng)最符合題意。guarantee sb.sth.向某人保證某事。 【答案】　B make one’s way去；前往；前進(jìn)；成功 They were making their way to a village. 他們正朝一個(gè)村莊走去。 Look！Many children are making their way to the beach. 看！很多孩子正往海灘走去。 feel one’s way摸索著前行 fight/push one’s way推擠著前行 lose one’s way迷路 force one’s way out擠出去；沖出去 push one’s way in擠進(jìn)去 Without experience in it，we have to feel our way. 由于在這方面沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我們只能摸索著前進(jìn)We fought our way through the forest.我們穿過森林前進(jìn)。 8．I kept silent in the backseat of the car as we made our________to grandma’s. A．decision B．way C．plan D．path 【解析】　make one’s way to前往。 【答案】　B vary from...to由……到……不等 Opinions on this matter vary from person to person. 對(duì)于這件事，人人意見不一。 (1)vary in sth.(大小、形狀等)不同，有別 vary with隨……變化，改變 vary between...and...從……到……轉(zhuǎn)變 (2)various adj.各種各樣的；多姿多彩的 (3)variety n．種種；多樣化 a variety of種種 Prices vary with seasons.物價(jià)隨季節(jié)而變動(dòng)。 The girls come from a variety of different backgrounds. 姑娘們的出身背景各異。 For various reasons，he didn’t attend the meeting. 因種種原因，他沒參加會(huì)議。 9．It is obvious that the hopes，goals，fears and desires________widely between men and women，between the rich and the poor. A．change B．perform C．transfer D．vary 【解析】　句意為：很明顯男人和女人，富人和窮人在希望、目標(biāo)、恐懼和欲望方面有很大的不同。vary...between...and由……到……的情況不等。change改變；perform操作。 【答案】　D The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them. 另外兩人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的巖漿，我是第一次經(jīng)歷這樣的事，所以留在山頂上觀察他們。 此處this being...是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成方法： n．/pron.＋v.-ing/-ed/to do/n./adj./adv./prep.phrase。 其中名詞或代詞起著邏輯主語的作用；另一部分表示狀態(tài)、狀況或動(dòng)作。 獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)本身不是句子，但在語義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)句子。在句子中作狀語，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、伴隨等。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)一般有逗號(hào)與主句分開 。 ①The guide leading the way，we had no trouble getting out of the forest.向?qū)ьI(lǐng)著路，我們毫不費(fèi)勁地走出了森林。 ②Weather permitting，we will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.如果天氣允許的話，我們將在明天組織一次海濱旅游。 ③He left the office，tears in eyes. 他眼里含著淚水離開了辦公室。 ④He walked into the classroom，his head lowered. 低著頭，他走進(jìn)教室。 ⑤There being no one else to turn to，I had to come to see you. 我沒有其他可以求助的人，只能來找你。 10．The children went home from the grammar school，their lessons________for the day. A．finishing B．finished C．had finished D．were finished 【解析】　本題考查名詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。名詞短語their lessons和動(dòng)詞finish之間是被動(dòng)完成關(guān)系，故用過去分詞finished。 【答案】　B 11．The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft，the most recent________at the end of last March. A．has been launched B．having been launched C．being launched D．to be launched 【解析】　句中沒有連接詞，故不能選作謂語動(dòng)詞的A項(xiàng)；the most recent having been launched為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，由at the end of last March可知應(yīng)選用表示動(dòng)作完成的B項(xiàng)。 【答案】　B 12．—Wow！It snowed last night.What a nice world! —You’re right.But it’s more difficult to find my missing keys with snow________the ground. A．covered B．cover C．to cover D．covering 【解析】　本題考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓補(bǔ)的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。snow和cover在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系，因此此處用現(xiàn)在分詞。 【答案】　D 13．The car burns more fuel，but________all things into consideration，it’s still a good car. A．taken B．having taken C．taking D．to take 【解析】　獨(dú)立成分作狀語。注意有些分詞短語的形式是固定的，不受上下文影響，因此被稱為獨(dú)立成分。句意為：這輛汽車耗油量較大，但是綜合整體情況來看，它仍不失為一部好車。 【答案】　C 14．The boys were happily making a snowman，________with cold. A．their faces red B．their faces were red C．their faces turned red D．their faces to be red 【解析】　本題考查由“名詞＋形容詞”構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語。 【答案】　A It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for language and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.據(jù)說這個(gè)男孩就是滿族人的祖先，具有語言天賦和很強(qiáng)的說服力。 it為形式主語，代替后面的that從句和不定式短語。 ①It is said that that strange old man is a great artist. ＝That strange old man is said to be a great artist. 據(jù)說那個(gè)怪老頭是一位藝術(shù)大師。 ②It is said that a new school has been built in our hometown. ＝A new school is said to have been built in our hometown. 據(jù)說我們家鄉(xiāng)已建起了一所新學(xué)校。 ③It is said that she is the best student in the class. ＝She is said to be the best student in the class. 據(jù)說她是班里最優(yōu)秀的學(xué)生。 (1)It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed. 據(jù)信，至少有20座樓房遇到破壞或徹底被摧毀。 (2)It was reported that more than 180 people had been killed in the fire.據(jù)報(bào)道，那場(chǎng)大火燒死了180多人。 (3)It is hoped that the crops will grow better. 人們希望莊稼會(huì)長(zhǎng)得更好些。 It is hoped that the terrible disease will soon be controlled. 人們希望這種可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。 15．Leonardo da Vinci (1452～1519)________birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. A．is said to be buying B．is said to have bought C．had said to buy D．has said to have bought 【解析】　本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式及時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用。因?yàn)閟ay與主語(人)是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；再由括號(hào)中的時(shí)間標(biāo)志可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。 【答案】　B 16．It is often________that human beings are naturally equipped to speak. A．said B．to say C．saying D．being said 【解析】　句意為：經(jīng)常聽人說人類天生有說話的能力。It is said that...為固定句式，意為“據(jù)說……”。 【答案】　A Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．—Do you allow your son to travel in Europe alone this summer? —________(絕對(duì)地) not. 【答案】　Absolutely 2．The boy has the________(潛能) to become a pianist，but unluckily，it has never been developed because of poverty. 【答案】　potential 3．With competition becoming severer and severer，nowadays，students are not________(保證) jobs when they graduate from college. 【答案】　guaranteed 4．The fear of all kinds of examinations can be a source of deep________(焦慮) to many students. 【答案】　anxiety 5．Some people believe money is of great importance，but others believe health is the most________(寶貴的) thing in the world. 【答案】　precious Ⅱ.選詞填空 burn to the ground；have a closer look at；make one’s way；have a gift for；guarantee 1．I__________________________the coat and decided it wasn’t worth ￡50. 【答案】　had a closer look at 2．After the fire，his house__________________________. 【答案】　(was) burned to the ground 3．We cannot______________the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather. 【答案】　guarantee 4．Luckily for him，he__________________music. 【答案】　has a gift for 5．Though it was dark，we__________________________to the village. 【答案】　made our way Ⅲ.巧思妙解 1． AIDS is said________the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years. A．that it is B．to be C．that it has been D．to have been 【解析】　句意為：據(jù)說，在過去的幾年中，艾滋病對(duì)于那個(gè)地區(qū)的男女來說已是最大的挑戰(zhàn)。It is said that從句可轉(zhuǎn)為sb./sth.be said to do/to be doing/to have done的形式。由此可淘汰A、C兩項(xiàng)，由于句子中的時(shí)間狀語over the past few years要用完成時(shí)，所以淘汰B項(xiàng)選出正確答案D。 【答案】　D 2．—Is Bob still performing? —I’m afraid not.He is said________the stage already as he has become an official. A．to have left B．to leave C．to have been left D．to be left 【解析】　本題考查 sb.is said to do結(jié)構(gòu)。sb.is said to do意為“據(jù)說某人．.....”，相當(dāng)于 It is said that...；根據(jù)題意，說明他已經(jīng)離開舞臺(tái)了，所以用 sb.is said to have done。 【答案】　A 3．The flu is believed________by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. A．causing B．being caused C．to be caused D．to have caused 【解析】　考查特殊句式。句意為：人們認(rèn)為感冒是由喜歡在人的鼻子和喉嚨的細(xì)胞中自我復(fù)制的病毒引起的。本句是“It’s believed that the flu is caused by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.”的另外一種表達(dá)形式。 【答案】　C 4．Tom is said________in Africa，but no one really knows how soon he will be back. A．travels B．to travel C．to be travelling D．travelled 【解析】　從下句“沒有人真正知道過多久他才會(huì)回來”可看出湯姆正在非洲旅行，用sb.is said to do這一基本句式。如果表示“據(jù)說某人/某物正在干某事”，就要用不定式的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。 【答案】　C 5．________in ancient times people were used to working together. A．It says B．What says is that C．It thought that D．It is said that 【解析】　It is /was said that...意思是“據(jù)說……”。還可以表達(dá)為People say that...。 【答案】　D Ⅳ.語法專練 本單元語法—v.-ing形式 1． Having got up late this morning，Mike ran as fast as he could________to catch the bus. A．hope B．to hope C．hoped D．hoping 【解析】　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。該處要用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語，to catch the bus才是真正的目的狀語。hoping這個(gè)動(dòng)作在此與ran同時(shí)發(fā)生，表伴隨。 【答案】　D 2．________the youth to the rising sun at 8 or 9 o’clock a．m.，Mao Zedong expressed his great hope for the young men. A．Compared B．To compare C．Compare D．Comparing 【解析】　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。從句意和結(jié)構(gòu)上可以看出compare與主語Mao Zedong是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞comparing。 【答案】　D 3 The teacher called Tom to his office because he was caught________in the exam. A．to cheat B．cheating C．cheated D．cheat 【解析】　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。catch sb.doing sth.意為“逮住/發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事”。句意為：老師讓湯姆到他辦公室，因?yàn)樗诳荚囍斜话l(fā)現(xiàn)作弊。 【答案】　B 4． ________in a famous university is what most students wish for. A．To educate B．Educated C．Being educated D．Educating[【解析】　非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法。該結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語是下文中的“most students”，所以應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式，故排除A、D；由句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，空格部分在句子中作主語，故只能選C。 【答案】　C 5．________around the Water Cube，we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. A．Having shown B．To be shown C．Having been shown D．To show 【解析】　考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。show與句子的主語存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。從時(shí)態(tài)上看，從句中的we were then taken to see可知應(yīng)用完成時(shí)態(tài)。 【答案】　C 111