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111 選修八 Unit 1　The written word Ⅰ.單項填空 1.The company is　　　　to improve pay and conditions. A.under construction　　　 B.under influence C.under pressure D.under control 解析：考查短語的區(qū)別。句意：該公司面臨著提高工資并改善工作條件的壓力。under pressure“處在壓力下”。A項“在建設(shè)中”；B項“在影響下”；D項“處于控制 之下”。 答案：C 2.Young people　　　　for growing independence，while parents want their children to listen to them. A.tend to ask B.tend asking C.tended to ask D.tend towards asking 解析：tend to do sth.“傾向于做某事”，并且此處是陳述一種現(xiàn)實情況，故用一般 現(xiàn)在時。 答案：A 3.The waiter is clearing the table，which serves as a　　　　that it is time to leave. A.respect B.requirement C.reminder D.reward 解析：句意：服務(wù)員在清理桌子，這說明該離開了。reminder“提示”。respect“尊 重”；requirement“要求”；reward“報酬”。 答案：C 4.When he got married，he　　　　down in Tokyo. A.lived B.got C.took D.settled 解析：句意：他結(jié)婚后，定居在了東京。settle down“定居下來”。 答案：D 5.Most insurance agents would rather you　　　　anything about collecting claims until they investigate the situation. A.hadn't done B.don't C.didn't D.didn't do 解析：would rather 后接從句時，常使用虛擬語氣，由until 從句中的謂語動詞可知 would rather后的從句動作發(fā)生在將來，故用過去式表示。 答案：D 6.The manager is a (n)　　　　of mine，so I can introduce you to him. A.acquaint B.acquaintance C.familiarity D.friendship 解析：句意：那位經(jīng)理是我的一個熟人，所以我能把你介紹給他。acquaintance“熟 人”；acquaint vt.“使熟悉”；familiarity“熟悉”；friendship“友誼”。 答案：B 7.(2009·南陽模擬)The film company plans　　　　the film before Christmas. A.releasing B.coming out C.to be published D.to release 解析：plan to do...“計劃做……”；release vt. “放映，發(fā)行”。故選D項。 答案：D 8.His father died，leaving him with a　　　　. A.money B.fortune C.luck D.amount 解析：fortune“財產(chǎn)，財富”。money是不可數(shù)名詞；luck“運氣”；amount指“數(shù) 量”。 答案：B 9.Intelligence doesn't　　　　mean success.You need to work hard as well. A.honestly B.formally C.simply D.necessarily 解析：考查副詞辨析。句意：聰明并不一定就意味著成功，你還需要努力。honestly“誠 實地”；formally“正式地”；simply“簡單地”；necessarily“必定地”。 答案：D 10.The English teacher laid particular 　　　　the need of reading aloud. A.stress on B.importance C.stress D.strain on 解析：lay stress on“把重點放在……上，強調(diào)”。 答案：A 11.Some students 　　　　admitting they were　　　　computer games. A.resisted；hooked on B.accepted；addicted to C.distributed；involved in D.refused；devoted to 解析：句意：有些學(xué)生不承認他們對電腦游戲上癮。resist doing“反對做”；refuse to do sth.“拒絕做某事”。be hooked on“對……上癮，著迷”；be addicted to“著 迷”；be involved in“從事”；be devoted to“致力于”。 答案：A 12.This chair is　　　　of Anthony's way of designing furniture. A.typical B.possessed C.starved D.symbol 解析：be typical of“是……的典型”。 答案：A 13.People may have their hearing　　　　by loud noise of machines. A.wounded B.hit C.harmed D.beaten 解析：句意：許多人的聽力也許會被機器發(fā)出的噪音傷害。harm“損害”。Wound 多指在戰(zhàn)斗中受傷；hit擊打某一點；beat“擊打，打敗”。 答案：C 14.All the historic sites within the range of Three Gorges Reservoir have been 　　　　to some new locations high above. A.transformed B.transmitted C.transferred D.transported 解析：句意：所有三峽水庫范圍內(nèi)的歷史遺跡已被轉(zhuǎn)移到新的高處去了。transfer“轉(zhuǎn) 移”。transform“轉(zhuǎn)化，轉(zhuǎn)變”；transmit“播送”；transport“運輸，運送”。 答案：C 15..—Mr.Graham is greedy and mean. —You must be 　　　　.He is 　　　　 and often helps those in need. A.abnormal；wealthy B.prejudiced；talented C.mistaken；generous D.drunk；cold-hearted 解析：abnormal“反常的”；wealthy“富有的”；prejudiced“有偏見的”； talented“有才能的”；mistaken“錯誤的”；generous“大方的”；drunk“醉酒 的”；cold-hearted“無情的”。根據(jù)對話第一句中的greedy and mean(貪婪、吝嗇) 及第二句前半部分可以判斷第二空填generous。因此本題答案是C項。 答案：C Ⅱ.閱讀理解 Many Chinese use instant messenger tools such as MSN or QQ，listen to music on MP3 players and log on the Internet using ADSL—without knowing the literal Chinese translation of the abbreviations(縮寫). But they don't have to，as many English letters have become part of the local lexicon(詞典). A dozen abbreviations including GDP， NBA， IT， MP3， QQ，DVD and CEO are among the 5,000 most-frequently used words in the Chinese-language media last year，according to a report on the 2006 Language Situation in China， which was released in Beijing. The report said some parents are so keen on English letters that recently a couple tried to name their baby “@”，claiming the character used in e-mail addresses reflects their love for the child. While the“@”is obviously familiar to Chinese e-mail users，they often use the English word “at” to pronounce it，which sounds something like“ai ta”， or “l(fā)ove him”， to Putonghua speakers. The study collected more than 1 billion language samples from newspapers， magazines， TV， radio and websites. The annual report is compiled(編輯) by the Ministry of Education and the State Language Commission. “Nowadays，more and more English abbreviations are being used in Chinese， making them an important part of the contemporary language，”said Hou Min， a professor at Communication University of China. “The abbreviations have gained popularity because of the convenience of usage，”Hou said. For example，DNA is much simpler to use than its Chinese version tuoyang hetang hesuan. “As more Chinese people learn foreign languages， especially English，in recent years，using abbreviations has become a trend among educated people，”she said. Some language scholars fear such usage will contaminate the purity of Chinese and cause confusion in communication. 語篇解讀：本文講述了現(xiàn)在有越來越多的英文縮寫在中文中得到了廣泛的使用，以及 人們對此的看法。 1.A couple want to name their child“@”because of its　　　　. A.popularity B.pronunciation C.meaning D.usage 解析：推理判斷題。由文章第四段和第五段的內(nèi)容我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)這對夫婦用@的發(fā) 音來表達對孩子的愛意。 答案：B 2.The underlined word“contaminate”in the last paragraph probably means　　　　. A.make impure B.smooth away C.make clear D.make up 解析：詞義猜測題。從文章最后一段的內(nèi)容可以看出人們擔(dān)心這樣使用語言會“污 染、弄臟”中文的純凈性。所以這里選A項。 答案：A 3.The usage of English abbreviations will be　　　　in China. A.limited by the Ministry of Education B.encouraged by most language scholars C.more popular among educated people D.officially forbidden by the government 解析：細節(jié)理解題。從文章倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可以看出選C項。 答案：C 4.The passage aims to tell us　　　　. A.English abbreviations become popular in China B.English abbreviations will take the place of Putonghua C.the arguments about English abbreviations D.how we can use abbreviations properly 解析：主旨大意題。從全文可知，本篇文章主要告訴我們現(xiàn)在有越來越多的英文縮 寫在中文中得到了廣泛的使用。由此可以推斷選A項。 答案：A Ⅲ.任務(wù)型閱讀/任務(wù)型讀寫 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在表格中的空白處填入恰當?shù)膯卧~。 注意：每個空格只填一個單詞。 A Cool Way to Keep Food From Spoiling A few degrees can make a big difference when it comes to food storage.Foods can go bad if they get too warm.But for many of the world's poor，finding a good way to keep food cool is difficult.Refrigerators are costly and they need electricity. Yet spoiled food not only creates health risks but also economic losses.Farmers lose money when they have to throw away products that they cannot sell quickly. But in nineteen ninety-five a teacher in northern Nigeria named Mohammed Bah Abba found a solution.He developed the “Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System.”It uses two round containers made of clay.A smaller pot is placed inside a larger one. The space between the two pots is filled with wet sand.The inner pot can be filled with fruit，vegetables or drinks.A wet cloth covers the whole cooling system. Food stored in the smaller pot is kept from spoiling through a simple evaporation process.Water in the sand between the two pots evaporates through the surface of the larger pot，where drier outside air is moving. 　　The evaporation process creates a drop in temperature of several degrees.This cools the inner pot and helps keep food safe from harmful bacteria.Some foods can be kept fresh this way for several weeks. People throughout Nigeria began using the invention.And it became popular with farmers in other African countries.Mohammed Bah Abba personally financed the first five thousand pot-in-pot systems for his own community and five villages nearby. In two thousand，the Rolex Watch Company of Switzerland honored him with the Rolex Award for Enterprise.This award recognizes people trying to develop projects aimed at improving human knowledge and well-being. A committee considers projects in science and medicine，technology，exploration and discovery，the environment and cultural history.Winners receive financial assistance to help develop and extend their projects. The award is given every two years.The next one will be given in two thousand eight. Title：A New Cooling System Column Content Background It is difficult for the poor to keep food fresh，for both refrigerators and electricity are (1)　　　　.Besides，spoiled food results in (2)　　　　 and losses of money. When In 1995 (3)　　　　 In Northern Nigeria Who Mohammed Bah Abba (4)　　　　 “Pot-in-Pot Preservation/Cooling System.” How A smaller pot filled with fruit，vegetables or drinks is placed in a larger one，with the space between them full of wet sand.All the cooling system is covered with a wet cloth.If the water in the sand is evaporated，it will take in (5)　　　　 from the inner pot，thus (6)　　　　 the temperature of the inner pot to drop several degrees，so that the foods can stay fresh for several weeks. Effect The invention was(7)　　　　 among farmers.In 2000，the inventor was honored with the Rolex Award for Enterprise，a reward (8)　　　　 people whose invention can help to make people (9)　　　　 and(10)　　　　. 答案：1.expensive/costly　2.illness/sickness/disease　3.Where　4.What　5.heat　 6.causing　7.popular　8.recognizing　9.knowledgeable　10.happy 111