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1、2013年高考英語(yǔ)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)睛與高考突破 專(zhuān)題05 動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) 【2013高考預(yù)測(cè)】1.考查特定語(yǔ)境中常用動(dòng)詞的基本用法和意義； 2.常見(jiàn)近又詞的辨異，拼寫(xiě)相似動(dòng)詞的辨異及習(xí)慣搭配等。 3.動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，不能僅限于《英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱》，而應(yīng)著重注意《英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱》外出現(xiàn)的頻率較高的詞匯和《英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》內(nèi)的動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)。 【難點(diǎn)突破】 難點(diǎn) 1 動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) 1.It is certain that he will his business to his son when he gets old. A. take over B

2、. think over C. hand over D. go over 2.Air pollution __ respiratory diseases. A. contributes to B. adds to C. turns to D. amounts to 【變式探究】 1 Her lost eyesight was __ by her sharp sense of hearing. A. made up for B. m

3、ade out C. made up of D. made up 答案: A 解析:make up for彌補(bǔ)。 2 People with loud voices really __ me A. turn; in B. turn; down C. turn; on D. turn, off. 答案: D 解析:turn off使…討厭；反感。 【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)睛】 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)睛 1 考查特定語(yǔ)境中常用動(dòng)詞的基本用法和意義；常見(jiàn)近義詞的辯異，拼寫(xiě)相似動(dòng)詞的辯異及習(xí)慣搭配等。

4、 2. He is such a man who is always fault with other peopel. A.putting B.seeking C.finding D.1ookingfor 3. Every body in the village like Jack because he is good at telling and jokes. A.turnin up B.putting up C.making up D.showing up 【錯(cuò)誤解答】 D或A 【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)睛】 根據(jù)句意“因?yàn)樗崎L(zhǎng)于編故

5、事和講故事。村子里的人都喜歡Jack，”短語(yǔ)make up有“組成、構(gòu)成”的意思。turn up“露面來(lái)到”；put up，建造，展示某物； show up，到來(lái)，出現(xiàn) 【正確解答】 C 4. We thought of selling this old furniture ,but we’ved ecided to it.It might be valuable. A.hold on to B.keep up with C.turn to D.look after 5. The idea puzzled me sO much tha

6、t stopped for a few seconds to try to—. A.make it out B.make it off C.make is up D.make it over 6.You can take anything from the shelf and read，but please the books when You’ve finished with them. A.put down B.put On C. put back D. put off 【錯(cuò)誤解答】 A 【易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)睛】 考生因?qū)?/p>

7、選項(xiàng)中“put”詞組含義辨析不清而導(dǎo)致出錯(cuò)。考生在平時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)中，應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)詞組的識(shí)記及積累。根據(jù)題意“當(dāng)你讀完后把書(shū)放回原處?！保蚀鸢笧镃，put back(放回原處)，而A項(xiàng)put down項(xiàng)意為“寫(xiě)下，記下；鎮(zhèn)壓”；B項(xiàng)put on“穿上；上演(節(jié)目)”；D項(xiàng)put off,意為“推遲” 【正確解答】C 【特別提醒】 1.動(dòng)詞及動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)幾乎年年必考，所涉及到的動(dòng)詞知識(shí)都是常用，的常見(jiàn)的。 2.平時(shí)要進(jìn)行大量的閱讀，在閱讀中去理解動(dòng)語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)get,come,look put,turn,take,send set,carry,call,have,care,pay,hold, keep,t

8、hink,hear,make,give,hend,deal,ask等。 3.多記一些常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)的含義和用法并學(xué)會(huì)在特定語(yǔ)境中靈活運(yùn)用。以下為常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 : 一、動(dòng)詞 + 介詞/副詞 短語(yǔ) 例句 Act on照……行事 He acts on principles. answer for對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé) You will answer for what you’ve done. Arm...against帶武器以防 He armed himself against wild animals. ag

9、ree with同意(某人) I agree with her. agree to同意(建議等) They agreed to the proposal. apree on(in)同意商定(問(wèn)題，條件等) They agreed on the question. arrive at／in到達(dá)(某地) He arrived in Nanjing at five o’clock yesterday mornring. Atm at 瞄準(zhǔn) He aimed the gun at the bird. Ask after 問(wèn)候 My fater asked after you.

10、Ask for 請(qǐng)求 The boy asked for more food. borrow．．．from從……借來(lái) He borrowed a like from Mary. believe in 信任 We all believe in her. belong to 屬于 The house belongs to me. burst into突然……起來(lái) She burst into tears at the news. begin at從(頁(yè))開(kāi)始 Today we shall begin at page 40. Babe...on 根據(jù) he based th

11、e conclusion on experiments. beat about the bush繞彎子 Tell me the truth. Don’t beat about the bush. Consist of由……組成 The society consists of five members. congratulate……on祝賀 We congratulated her on winning the contest. come to an end 結(jié)束 The talk come to an end at ten. compare．．．to 把……比作 He

12、compared the young to the rising sun. compare．．．with同……相比 She compared the blue pen with the red pen. carebr喜歡；照料 He doesn’t care for playing football. Change．．．for用……交換 He changed his radio for a recorder. ChanSe from．．．to從……轉(zhuǎn)到 She changed from team A to team B. clear up 放晴 The weather cl

13、eared up in the afternoon. come across偶然碰到 I came across an old friend in the street. come into想出；進(jìn)入 An idea suddenly came into my mind. ca11 up 打電話 I shall call her up soon. Csll for 叫(人) He will call for you in the evening. call for 為……叫喊 He heard someone calling for help. cdll on 訪問(wèn)(某人

14、) She will call on a friend on Sunday. cdll on 號(hào)召 The Party called on us to study hard. Cure...of 治愈 Fhe medicine cured him of his pain. depend on 依靠 He depended on his mother in life. disagree with與……意見(jiàn)不同 He disagreed with her over the plan. Die of 因……病、饑餓等而死 The man died of cancer. Die

15、 from 因……傷、意外等而死 The died man died from a serious wound. Die for 為……而死 He died for the people. devote to把……用于 she devoted all her money to huvine books. enged in 從事，忙于 He is engaged in writing new book. End with以……結(jié)束 The party ended with dancing. fail in在……失敗 She failed in winning the gam

16、e. find out查明 He has not found out the trouble yet. give up 放棄 Never give up hope. give over克服，渡過(guò) You’ll soon get over your shyness. Get on(／off) 上車(chē)(／下車(chē)) She got on the bus at Gulou Square. Get on進(jìn)展 He is getting on well in the work. Get ready for準(zhǔn)備好 He has got ready for the journey. Ge

17、t in 收進(jìn) The peasants got in the wheat in May. grow up 長(zhǎng)大，發(fā)展 The children have already grown up. give in 投降(讓步) They gave in at last. Get up 起床 She gets up early every morning. Go on 繼續(xù) The meeting went on deep into the night. go all out 竭盡全力 They went all out to build the airport. So

18、through通過(guò)；細(xì)察 She went through the book before buying it. go over復(fù)習(xí)，看一遍 She went over the lessons for three times. go down(日，月)落下，下沉 The moon has gone down. go without 放棄，沒(méi)有也行 He had to go without food. Hand in交進(jìn)來(lái) They handed in their papeps. Have nothing to do with 與……無(wú)關(guān) He has nothing to

19、 do with the matter. Have some thing to do with 與……無(wú)關(guān) Does she have anything to do with the case? Head for 朝……去 The ship is heading for the nearest port. Help with 幫助 He helped her with her English. Help...in在……幫助 He helped her in study in English. Hope for 希望(得到) She hoped for Mary to com

20、e. introduce．．．to．．．介紹 She introduced me to her father. inspire．．．with．．．以……激發(fā) He inspired them with courage. insist on堅(jiān)持 She insisted on doing it that way. interfere with(in) 妨礙；干涉 Don’t interfere With his work. join in 參加(活動(dòng)) she also joined in the dancing. join sb. in 加入某人從事 He join

21、ed us in watering the tees. keep on 繼續(xù) She kept on making experinents. Knock at敲(門(mén)等) Someone is knocking at the door. loog for渴望 I’m longing for a letter from him. look up查尋；向上看 He is looking up a new word in the dictionary. look upon．．．a(chǎn)s把……看作 Do you look upon him as a good friend? learn

22、．．．by heart 背會(huì) She has learnt it by heart. Leave for動(dòng)身去 He is leaving for Nanjing next week. look for尋找 The police are looking for the lost car. Lie in 位于 The town lies in the hills. live on 靠……生活，以……為主食 Sheep live on grass. laugh at 對(duì)……笑，嘲笑 Don’t laugh at others. look throut 翻閱；瀏覽 The

23、boy looked through the picture book. Mix．．．with 同……混合 Oil and water can’t mix with each other. meetwith 遇到 She met with some difficulties. make up one’s mind 決定 He has made up his mind what to say. Owe to 歸功于 He owed all his success to his parents. Operate on為……手術(shù) He operated on the wounde

24、d soldier. Put．．．into 把……放入 She put the book into the bag. play with 玩 The boy played with a toy tank. Put up 舉起 They put up their hands. Put up掛起 She put up a picture on the wall. Put off 推達(dá) The match is put off owing to the rain. Point out 指出 The teacher pointed out his mistakes.

25、preside over 主持(會(huì)議) Who is to preside over the meeting? present...with 贈(zèng)送 He presented her with a gold watch. Put．．．a(chǎn)cross 使理解(相信) She didn’t put the meaning across very well. Prevent．．．from 阻止 The snow prevented him from coming. persist in 堅(jiān)持 He persisted in doing that. Put...into pr

26、actice實(shí)施 We shall put the plan into practice. quarrel over 為……爭(zhēng)吵 They quarrelled over the property. quarrel with 同……爭(zhēng)吵 She quanelled with her mother. Reply to 答復(fù) He hasn’t replied to me yet. recover from 恢復(fù) She has recovered from her illness. Rely on 依靠 He relied on his daughter in

27、the past. refrain from 設(shè)法不，忍住 Please refrain from smoking. Rob...of...搶走 The pain robbed him of sleep. Run over 輾過(guò)去 The bus run over his legs. result from 由……引起 His illness results from overeating. result in 導(dǎo)致 Overeating results in his illness. Remember sb.to代問(wèn)好 Please remember me to yo

28、ur mother. Set about 著手干 They set about the work at once. Set out 出發(fā) They set out at dawn. succeed in 成功 He succeeded in passing the exam. Speak off 說(shuō)到 She once spoke of the book to me. Supply...with提供 They supplied the soldiers with weapons. share in分擔(dān)(享) He shared in her joys and sorro

29、ws. share sth with sb 與某人共同使用 She shared a room with others. settle in安頓下來(lái) He settled in a small town. See through 看透 I have already seen through the man. See to it 保證 See to it that the work is done well. send for 派人請(qǐng) We have sent for the doctor. Stand by 支持 We’ll stand by you in your

30、hour of need. Stand of 代表 What does “U.S,” stand far? spend．．．on花費(fèi) She spent a lot of money on books. show around 帶…參觀 He showed the guests around the city. talk about 談?wù)? what are you taking about ? over 渡過(guò) lie has tided over his illness. turn against 背叛 She will never turn against he

31、r country. turn into 變成 Water can turn into gas. turn to 翻到，轉(zhuǎn)向 Please turn to page 10. think of 想念 We think of you all the time. think about(of) 考慮 They are thinking about buying it. turn on 打開(kāi) Please turn on the radio. turn off 關(guān)掉 Please turn off the lights in the room. tell．．．from

32、 區(qū)分 I can’t tell her from her sister. take off 脫去 She asked him to take off the cost. turn out 關(guān)掉 He forgot to turn out the gas. turn out 生產(chǎn) The factory turns ont 100 cars per day. turn round 繞著…轉(zhuǎn) The earth turns round the sun. turn up 出現(xiàn) He didn’t turn up until eleven o’clock.

33、 to begin with 首先 To begin with,we are short of money. wait for 等待 We shall wait for you at the school gate. watch out for提防 We should watch out for the enemy. write to給……寫(xiě)信 He wrote to me last week. wake up 醒來(lái) She usually wakes up at five. wipe out 消滅 The enemy troops have been wiped

34、out. watch over 照看 The old should watch over the young. 二、過(guò)去分詞 + 介詞 （這類(lèi)短語(yǔ)常同連系動(dòng)詞連用） 短 語(yǔ) 例句 be absorbed in全神貫注于 he is absorbed in reading. be brudened with負(fù)重 he is burdened with a heavy load. be connected with同……有關(guān)，同……有聯(lián)系 He is no longer connected with the company. be covered with覆蓋 T

35、he road is covered with snow. be crowded with 擠滿 She is dressed in red. be dressed in穿著 She is dressed in red. be engaged to與……訂婚 Mary is engaged to John. be equipped with 裝備 He is experienced in mending bikes. be experienced in對(duì)……有經(jīng)驗(yàn) He is experienced in mending bikes. be filled with 填

36、滿 The hole is filled with ants. be furnished with 提供，布置 They are furnished with enough food. be interested in對(duì)……有興趣 He is interested in the picture. be joined to連接，結(jié)合 One pipe is joined to another. be known as因……而知名 He is known as a painter.. be known for因……而出名 The hill is known for the t

37、emple be looked on as作為…看待 He is looked on as their leader. be made into被制成，使成為 The boy was made into an artist. be made up of由……構(gòu)成 A car is made up of many different parts. be married to與……結(jié)婚 She is married to a musician. be pleased with對(duì)……喜歡，滿意 He is pleased with the work. be prepar

38、ed for準(zhǔn)備好 They are prepared for the journey. be regarded as被認(rèn)為 He is regarded as the greatest poet. be satisfied with對(duì)……滿意 I am satisfied with your answer. be ashamed of對(duì)……感到羞愧 She is ashamed of her action. be tired of(sth)對(duì)……厭煩 He is tired of this kind of life. be terrified at被……嚇一跳 He i

39、s rerrified at the snake. 三、動(dòng)詞 + 名詞 +介詞 短語(yǔ) 例句 apply one’s mind to專(zhuān)心于 He applied his mind to study. catch sight of瞧見(jiàn)，看見(jiàn) I caught sight of her just now. catch(take)hold of抓住 He caught hold of the girl by the hand. devote oneself to獻(xiàn)身于，專(zhuān)心于 She devotes herself to eaching. devote on

40、e’s life to為……獻(xiàn)身 He devotes his life to the research. do(great)harm to對(duì)……危害(大) The rain has done great harm to the crops. do(great)wrong to冤枉，委屈 Don’t do wrong to an innocent person. feel pity for對(duì)……感到憐憫 He felt pity for the poor girl. Fix one’s eyes on 凝視 He fixed his eyes on the girl.

41、 form the habit of 養(yǎng)成……的習(xí)慣 He has formed the habit of getting up early. Get a good hold of 抓牢 He got a good hold of the rope. Get in touch with 同……取得聯(lián)系 I got in touch with her by phone. Get ird of 除去，擺脫 She has got rid of the had abit. give dvice on提出……建議 He gave advice on city planning

42、. have none of不允許，不接受 He will have none of your empty promise. have trust in 相信 She had trust in him. have (no) difficulty in (沒(méi))有困難 He has difficultjy in doing the work . have a word with同……談話 I want to have a word with you. have trouble in 在……有麻煩 She had trouble in the matter. have a

43、look at 看一下 Let me have a good at it. have words with 同……口角(爭(zhēng)吵) He had words with his wife. have (show) interest in 對(duì)……有興趣 He has great intertst in this kind of film. have(deep)effect on 對(duì)……有(深遠(yuǎn))影響 The book has great effect on his life. have mercy on 同情，憐憫 He has no mercy on the poor old m

44、an. have(take)pity on 同情 He has great pity on the sick boy. have the honour of有幸…… he has the honour of meeting her there. help oneself to請(qǐng)吃；自用 Please help yourself to some fruit. keep a record of記錄 She kept a record of her daily life. make friends with 同……交朋友 He made fridnds with a foreig

45、n girl. make fun of取笑 Don’t make fun of him. make(the)best use of 充分利用 They make the best use of the money. make(good，full)use of (很好，充分)利用 You shold make good use of your time. make an apology to向……道歉 He made an apology to her. make one’s way to走向 He made his way to the house. make prepa

46、rations for 準(zhǔn)備 She is making preparations for the holiday. make a dive for 猛沖 The dog make a dive for the bone. make a mistake about為……產(chǎn)生誤會(huì) Don’t made a mistake about her. make a study of 研究，學(xué)習(xí) I shall make a study of the plan. Pay attention to 注意 He paid much attention to her life. pass a

47、 judgement on判決…… The court passed a judgement on the case. Put one’s heart and soul into全神貫注于 She put her heart and sould into the work. Set fire to放火、點(diǎn)火 They set fire to the home. Show respect for 尊敬 They show respect for the old. show mercy ot 同情 Never show mercy to the enemy. Say good

48、-bey to 向……道別 They said good-bey to each other. Say hello to 打招呼 He said hello to the students. Set an example to樹(shù)立榜樣 He set an example to the young. shake hands with握手 They shook hands with each other. take aim at 瞄準(zhǔn) He took careful aim at the other. take the side of 支持，站在一邊 They took

49、the side on the government. throw light on 闡明，使人明白 His explanation threw light on the poem. take pride in 因……而自豪 She took pride in her success. take part in 參加 They took an active part in sports. take delight in 以……為樂(lè) He tood great delight in travel. take a message for捎個(gè)口信 Please take a me

50、ssage for her. 四、動(dòng)詞 + 副詞 + 介詞 短語(yǔ) 例句 Add up to 總計(jì)為 The income adds up to 1000 dollars. break away from 改掉，與……脫離關(guān)系 he has broken away from the bad habit. be up to應(yīng)由……，輪到…… It is up to her to answer the question. Cut down on 削減 He has cut down on expese. catch up with 趕上 I can catchup with

51、 them. beat down on 直射 The sun beats down on the earth. come up to達(dá)到(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))比得上 The result didn’t come up to our expectations. Com up against 遭到(反對(duì)、困難) The plan came up with them. do well in在……做得好 He does well in the work. drop in on 順便來(lái)訪 He drops in on us sometimes. do away with 廢除 They ha

52、ve done away with the old law. face up to面對(duì)，承擔(dān) We must face up to the fact. Fit in with 適合，符合 The clothes fit in with her. fall back on 依靠 He has a good friend to fall back on. Get through with 完成，花光 They have got through with the work. Get down to 開(kāi)始認(rèn)真做 Let’s get down to business. Get o

53、n(along)with 進(jìn)展，相處 He got on well with people here. Get out of 從……出來(lái)，擺脫 He got out of debt. go on with 繼續(xù) They went on with the meeting. go ahead of 先行 He went ahead of them. go back of 背信，背棄 He went back on his promise. Got out of從……出來(lái) A rabbit went out of the hole. go in for參加，愛(ài)好 He

54、has gone in for the long jump. grow out of 產(chǎn)生自 The tall tree grows out of a small seed. go ahead with進(jìn)行，繼續(xù)下去 He went ahead with the work and got it done. keep up with 跟上 She can’t keep up with others. live up to 不辜負(fù) We shall live up to his teachings. look out for 提防，照看 Look out for car

55、s when crossing the street. look up to尊敬，仰望 They all looked up to him as their leader. look back upon 回顧 He likes to look back upon his school days. look down upon不輕視，重視 Don’t look down upon him. look forward to 盼望 Don’t look down upon him. Put up with 忍受，容忍 I just can’t put up with that

56、kind of man. Run up against 遇到 We often run up against new words. Ran out of 用完 I have run out of ink. think higlly of 高度評(píng)價(jià) They think highly of his new novel. watch out for 當(dāng)心，提防 Watch out for thieves in the street. work hard at 努力于 He works hard at his lessons. 五、動(dòng)詞 + 介詞 短語(yǔ) 例句 arrive

57、 at a conclnsion得出結(jié)論 They arrived at a conclusion at last. burst into pieces 成為碎片 The glass has burst into pieces. burst into tears 突然大哭 She burst into tears at the news. burst into laughter突然大笑 The girls burst into laughter. come to sb’s help (aid)前來(lái)援助某人 Some boys came to her help.

58、 come to the rescue前來(lái)營(yíng)救 The firemen came to the rescue. come into use開(kāi)始使用，實(shí)施 The new tool come into use two years ago. come into power當(dāng)權(quán)，執(zhí)政 The king came into power last year. come into effect開(kāi)始生效 The new rule will come into effect soon. come into being產(chǎn)生，建立 The custom came into being long

59、 long ago. come into light發(fā)亮 The star came into light at dawn. come to conclusion得出結(jié)論 They will come to a conclusion. do up one’s hair梳理頭發(fā) She is doing up her hair. Fly into a temper耍脾氣 He flew into a tempr at her words. Get into trouble陷入麻煩 He has got into trouble in business. Get in a w

60、ord插話 Don’t get in a word. help sb. to one’s feet幫助某人站起來(lái) They helped her to her feet. make up one’s mind下決心 He has made up his mind to do it. play away one’s time虛度光陰 The man played away his time. plunge into sorrow使陷入悲傷 He was plunged into deelp sorrow. Put sth. to use使用，利用 You should pu

61、t the dictionary to a good use. Set to work開(kāi)始工作 They set to work after a rest. take on a new look呈現(xiàn)新面貌 The town has taken on a new look. 【變式探究】 1、The listening test is __ to show your ability at listening for specific information. A. operated B. referred C. intended

62、 D. requested. 3 Sherlock Homels was often able to __ a mystery without leaving his rooms on Baker Street. A. tear up B. clean up C. clear up D. show up 6 —The car, travelling at to miles an hour, just __the man and ran into an office window. —What a narrow e

63、scape! A. killed B. failed C. missed D. injured 2. Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was with a magnificent view. A. awarded B. admired C. rewarded D. impressed 【答案】C 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。be rewarded sth.意為：受到……的報(bào)酬。句意為：任何一個(gè)登上泰山之巔的人，都會(huì)欣賞到美麗的風(fēng)景。 3. This group of designers

64、 a plan for the project of the company． A. drew up B. sent up C. set up D. turned up 5. ---- Do you think the Internet will finally_________ newspapers? -----No one knows for sure. A. replace B. escape C. support D. cover come up with 提出；agree with同意、一致。 7. The successful la

65、unch of Tiangong-1 on Sept. 29th a significant step in China’s plan to build a space station. A．signaled B．marked C．signed D．proved 9. The young man invited the lady to dance with him, but she ______ his invitation． A．turned around B．turned out C．turned down D．turned away 11. He sa

66、id he wasn’t disappointed at the result of the final exam，but the look on his face himself . A．gave; up B．gave； off C. gave；out．D. gave；away 13. The disaster took away his family but with a strong will he finally _____． A．picked up B．pulled through C．get across D worked out 15. Those who continuously acquire new knowledge that they can ________ their work are more likely to succeed. A. contribute to??? B. correspond to??????????? C. submit to???????? D. apply to????