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1、,,,,Unit 2,Sailing the oceans,James Cook was born in 1728 in Marton，England.His father，a Scottish migrant farm worker，allowed James to work on coalcarrying boats at eighteen.Cook spent his free time learning math and navigation.This led to his appointment as mate (大副),單元話題閱讀,Searching for something

2、more adventurous，in 1755 he volunteered for the British Royal Navy and took part in the Seven Years War and played an active part in charting St.Lawrence River，which helped England Navy capture Quebec from the French.,The First Voyage. Following the war，Cook was given the mission to lead an expediti

3、on to observe the rare passage of Venus across the face of the sun in order to determine the accurate distance between the earth and sun.He set sail from England in August,1768 and stopped at Tahiti where he did the observation.He proceeded to the West Indies and across the Indian Ocean to the Cape

4、of Good Hope at the southern tip of Africa.,The Second Voyage. The Royal Navy promoted James Cook to Captain following his return and had a new mission for him，to find the Unknown Southern Land.Cook led two ships and headed to Cape Town in July,1772.He proceeded south from Africa and turned around a

5、fter encountering large amounts of floating pack ice.Actually he came within 75 miles of the Antarctica at that time.But he found no habitable southern continent and arrived back in Britain in July,1775.,The Third Voyage. The Navy wanted Cook to determine if there was a Northwest Passage，a mythical

6、waterway between Europe and Asia across the top of North America.Cook set out in July of 1776 and rounded the southern tip of Africa and headed east across the Indian Ocean until his navigation of the Bering Sea was stopped by the impassible Arctic ice.,Upon yet again discovering that something did

7、not exist，he continued his voyage.His last stop was in February，1779 at Hawaii where he was killed in a fight with islanders over the theft of a boat. Cooks explorations greatly increased European knowledge of the world.As a ship captain and skilled cartographer，he filled in many gaps on world maps.His contributions to eighteenth century science helped further exploration and discovery for many generations.,,,謝謝觀看！,