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Language points,Unit 5 Enjoying novels,1. n. a story of excitement and adventure, often set in the past 2. n. the extreme edge or limit of a place 3. n. a bedroom or private room 4. n. a large impressive house,romance傳奇故事 margin 邊緣 chamber房間；室 mansion公館；宅第,margin 1) (C. formal) 邊緣；極限；界限 the eastern ~ of the Indian Ocean 印度洋的東岸 2) (C. usually pl.) 邊緣部分；非主體部分 people living on the margins of society 生活在社會(huì)邊緣的人們,1. n. an opinion that all members of a group agree with 2. (of a law, rule, etc.) being used 3. n. an unexpected change or development in a story or situation,consensus共識(shí)；一致的意見 in force 已生效；在實(shí)施中 twist 轉(zhuǎn)折；轉(zhuǎn)變,Can you believe that there used to be a consensus in society that opposed the writing of novels by authoresses?你相信從前社會(huì)上存在著反對(duì)女子寫小說的輿論嗎？ consensus (n. ) ~ among sb.; ~ about; ~ that… There is a general ~ among teachers about the need for greater security in schools. 教師們對(duì)必須加強(qiáng)學(xué)校的保安有普遍的共識(shí)。 There seems to be a ~ that the plan should be rejected. 看來人們一致同意放棄這一計(jì)劃。,Perhaps you think that discrimination of this kind was in force a very long time ago because, after all, it is a very old-fashioned idea. 或許你會(huì)認(rèn)為 這種類型的歧視只會(huì)在很久以前才有影響，因?yàn)楫吘惯@是一種很落伍的想法。 in force 1)(of people) in large numbers大量；眾多 2)(of a law, rule, etc.) being used已生效；在實(shí)施中 Protesters turned out ~. 有很多抗議者出席。 The new regulations are now ~. 新規(guī)章已生效。,Even so there is another twist to this story. 即便如此，事情發(fā)展還是有所轉(zhuǎn)折。 twist n. (故事或情況的)轉(zhuǎn)折；轉(zhuǎn)變；突然變化 The story has taken another ~. 故事情節(jié)再一次變化。 The disappearance of a vital witness added a new ~ to the case. 一名重要證人失蹤，令訴訟出現(xiàn)了新的變數(shù)。,In a strange contradiction this period produced five of the most courageous and gifted authoresses. 在一種奇怪的矛盾狀況下，這段時(shí)期卻產(chǎn)生了五位最具勇氣和才華的女作家。contradiction n. 1) a lack of agreement between facts, opinions, etc. 矛盾；不一致；對(duì)立 2) the act of saying that sth. that sb. else has said is wrong or not true 反駁；駁斥 There is a ~ between the two sets of figures.這兩組數(shù)據(jù)相互矛盾。 Now you say you both left at ten — that’s a ~ of your last statement.你現(xiàn)在說你們倆是十點(diǎn)鐘離開的，這可和你上次的說法不一致。,1. n. a situation, an event, etc. that makes it difficult for you to do or achieve sth. 2. adj. showing that you really mean the opposite of what you are saying; expressing 3. n. the principal female character in a novel, poem, or dramatic presentation 4. n. a white, odorless, bitter crystalline compound,obstacle 障礙；阻礙 ironic/ ironical 諷刺的; 反語的 heroine 女主人公; 女英雄 heroin 海洛因；嗎啡,At this time the only respectable career for a woman was to marry, so the dilemma of her heroines’ was also to marry but for love. 那時(shí)，女性唯一受到尊重的事業(yè)就是嫁人。所以她作品中女主人公也為了無愛情的婚姻所困擾。 respectable adj. 可以形容人也可形容事 “符合社會(huì)道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的；正派的；正當(dāng)?shù)?；值得尊敬的（來自外人的尊敬）? ~ citizens 遵紀(jì)守法的公民 a ~ girl 一位正派的姑娘 ~ manners 文明的舉止 a ~ household 正經(jīng)人家respectful 恭敬的（對(duì)外人的尊敬） I wish you would be more ~ to your father.,At this time the only respectable career for a woman was to marry, so the dilemma of her heroines’ was also to marry but for love. 那時(shí)，女性唯一受到尊重的事業(yè)就是嫁人。所以她作品中女主人公也為了無愛情的婚姻所困擾。 dilemma n. 兩難處境 Mary’s ~ was whether to go to the party in her old dress or to stay at home. but for 1）= except for 除了；除….以外 But for his habit of smoking, he would be a perfect man. 2）要不是；多虧……否則 （多用于虛擬語氣） But for your help, I would not have finished the work.,In this story we follow the lives of five sisters as they overcome obstacles to their happiness and marriage until all is happily resolved. 在這部小說中，我們跟蹤書中五姐妹的生活軌跡，看她們克服幸福和婚姻中的種種障礙，直至一切問題圓滿解決。 obstacle n. ~ to (doing ) sth. A lack of qualifications can be a major ~ to finding a job. 學(xué)歷不夠會(huì)成為找工作的主要障礙。,resolve n. & v. The circumstances resolved him to go /upon going. 情況使他決定去。 The discussion resolved itself into an argument. 討論到后來變成了爭(zhēng)論。 resolve a conflict 解決沖突 a man of resolve 剛毅的人 make a resolve to do sth. 決心做某事,But the appeal of Jane’s work was not in its content. It was also in her refreshingly light and ironic style, evident from the first sentence of the novel: “Everyone knows that a single man with a fortune must be in want of a wife.” 然而，簡(jiǎn)的作品引人入勝之處不僅僅在于故事本身，還在于她那種清新明快而又帶點(diǎn)諷刺的寫作風(fēng)格，這從小說的第一句就可以很清楚看出來: “眾所周知，凡是有財(cái)產(chǎn)的單身漢必定需要娶一位太太?！? ironic = ironical adj. 1) 反語的；諷刺的 an ~ comment/ smile 嘲諷的語言/ 微笑 2) (因出乎意料而)奇怪的；好笑的 It’s ~ that she became a teacher — she used to hate school. 令人啼笑皆非的是她成了老師— 她過去一向厭惡學(xué)校的。,But the appeal of Jane’s work was not in its content. It was also in her refreshingly light and ironic style, evident from the first sentence of the novel: “Everyone knows that a single man with a fortune must be in want of a wife.” 然而，簡(jiǎn)的作品引人入勝之處不僅僅在于故事本身，還在于她那種清新明快而又帶點(diǎn)諷刺的寫作風(fēng)格，這從小說的第一句就可以很清楚看出來: “眾所周知，凡是有財(cái)產(chǎn)的單身漢必定需要娶一位太太?！? want n. 缺乏；不足 They suffered from ~ of water. 他們苦于缺水。 in want of 需要 We are ~ of a good leader. The school is ~ of good teachers.,1. using a name different from one’s won 2. to recognize the truth about an excuse, false statement, etc; not be fooled 3. unwilling to believe sth; often doubting; distrustful 4. n. trick,under the name of see through sceptical/ skeptical deception,The three Bronte sisters adopting this practice, Mary Ann Evans did the same and wrote under the name of George Eliot. 勃朗特三姐妹是這樣做的，瑪麗?安?埃文斯也是這樣做的，她用喬治?艾略特的筆名進(jìn)行創(chuàng)作。 practice n. 習(xí)俗；慣例 It is not the ~ in modern society for a woman to follow her husband’s family name. 在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，婦女不再遵從隨夫姓的習(xí)俗。 It is an ancient ~ to bind the feet from birth in the country. 把出生嬰兒的腳綁起來是這個(gè)國(guó)家的一個(gè)古老習(xí)俗。,Sceptical reviewers did not see through this deception and gave their approval to their work. 生性多疑的評(píng)論家沒有看穿這層偽裝，而且對(duì)她們的作品大加贊揚(yáng)。 sceptical/ skeptical adj. Mary is sceptical about the solution. 瑪麗對(duì)這個(gè)解決辦法表示懷疑。 see through sb/ sth 識(shí)破；看穿 see sb through幫助…度過（困難） Don’t try to see through people, see people through.不要想看穿別人,而要幫助他人度過困難。 see to 負(fù)責(zé)；注意；照料 I will see to everything here. 我會(huì)照料這里的一切。,Sceptical reviewers did not see through this deception and gave their approval to their work. 生性多疑的評(píng)論家沒有看穿這層偽裝，而且對(duì)她們的作品大加贊揚(yáng)。 deception n. 騙局; 詭計(jì); 欺詐 His pretended friendship was part of the deception. 他所謂的友誼是一種騙局。 give one’s approval to 批準(zhǔn) meet with sb.’s approval 得到某人的贊同 present/ submit sth. to sb. for approval 把某事提交某人批準(zhǔn) with / without approval of 經(jīng)/未經(jīng).的批準(zhǔn),1. adj. clearly and fully expressed 2. to try to overcome difficulties, etc 3. adj. saying openly and exactly what one thinks; frank 4. v. to recognize sb as important by calling out (a title); to call out to sb by name or in greeting 5. n. making known sth that was secret or hidden; revealing,explicit 直率的；明確的；清楚的 struggle against outspoken hail 向……歡呼；大聲招呼；呼喊 revelation 啟示；揭示,Her novels were revolutionary for the explicit way they described women struggling against their restricted roles in society. Her heroines are outspoken in expressing their feelings, while demonstrating honesty and conscience in their choices. 她的小說具有革命性，因?yàn)樗男≌f用鮮明的筆調(diào)描述了女性與其受社會(huì)限制的角色之間的對(duì)抗。她作品中的女主人公們坦率地表達(dá)自己的感情，而與其同時(shí)，她們的選擇也顯示出真誠(chéng)和良知。 explicit adj. 直率的; 顯而易見的 They were explicit in their criticism. 他們直截了當(dāng)?shù)乇磉_(dá)了他們的批評(píng)。 an explicit sign of trouble 一個(gè)顯而易見的麻煩的征兆,Being immediately hailed as “the masterwork of a great genius”, Jane Eyre became a great success. The book was a revelation after the more reserved feelings expressed in Jane Austen’s novels. 《簡(jiǎn)?愛》一出版，立即被譽(yù)為“偉大天才的杰作”，獲得了巨大的成功。同簡(jiǎn)?奧斯汀小說中表達(dá)的那種較為含蓄的感情相比，《簡(jiǎn)?愛》 算是一種直接的表露。 hail v. 向.歡呼, 致敬 The crowds hailed the boxing champion. 群眾向這位拳擊冠軍喝彩。 revelation n. 顯示, 揭露, 新發(fā)現(xiàn), 啟示, 揭示 What a revelation !這真是一個(gè)意外! Her true nature was a revelation to me. 她的真實(shí)性格對(duì)我是一個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)。,Being immediately hailed as “the masterwork of a great genius”, Jane Eyre became a great success. The book was a revelation after the more reserved feelings expressed in Jane Austen’s novels. 《簡(jiǎn)?愛》一出版，立即被譽(yù)為“偉大天才的杰作”，獲得了巨大的成功。同簡(jiǎn)?奧斯汀小說中表達(dá)的那種較為含蓄的感情相比，《簡(jiǎn)?愛》 算是一種直接的表露。 reserve n. 矜持的；緘默的 She is not usually so reserved. 她通常不如此緘默。 These seats are reserved for special guests. 這些座位是留給貴賓的。,Although his output was greater than any of the authoresses mentioned above, his impact was not greater than theirs. 雖然他的作品在數(shù)量上比上面提到的任何一位女作家都要多，但他的影響力卻并沒超過她們。 impact n. U. 強(qiáng)烈的影響 This book has made a great ~ on its readers. 這本書在讀者中產(chǎn)生了強(qiáng)烈的影響。 The speech had little ~ on the audience. 這個(gè)演講對(duì)聽眾沒有產(chǎn)生多大影響。,1. adj. first in importance, position, etc 2. adj. uncertain in meaning; unclear 3. n. act of yielding; thing granted or yielded 4. to be much better than sb/ sth 5. n. person who evaluates and describes the quality of sth, esp works of art, literature, music, etc,premier 第一的；首要的 ambiguous concession 讓步; 讓與某人之物 stand out 杰出 critic 批評(píng)家；評(píng)論家,The fifth premier authoress of this period was George Eliot (1819-1880). Her novels examined the morally ambiguous concessions people make in their lives in order to succeed. 在這一階段的第五位女作家是喬治?艾略特(1819-1880)。她的小說探討了人們?cè)谏钪袨榱巳〉贸晒υ诘赖律纤龅哪：耐俗尅? premier 1) adj. 首位的; 首要的 This is Europe’s ~ port. 這是歐洲第一大港。 2) n.首相,總理 He was appointed the new ~. 他被任命為新總理。 ambiguous adj. 模棱兩可的, 含糊不清的 He give us an ~ answer. 他給了我們一個(gè)模棱兩可的答復(fù)。,The fifth premier authoress of this period was George Eliot (1819-1880). Her novels examined the morally ambiguous concessions people make in their lives in order to succeed. 在這一階段的第五位女作家是喬治?艾略特(1819-1880)。她的小說探討了人們?cè)谏钪袨榱巳〉贸晒υ诘赖律纤龅哪：耐俗尅? concession n.讓步，妥協(xié)；特許(權(quán))； We have never made concessions without getting concessions in return. 我們決不會(huì)無條件地讓步。 At last, their company obtained the mining concession. 他們的公司最終獲得了采礦權(quán)。,1. vt. to own; to have sth as belonging to one 2. n. person who agrees to be responsible for sth; person who puts forward a proposal; person or business that pays for a show, broadcast, sports event, etc, usually in return for advertising 3. adj. unusual; peculiar; rather strange; not normal 4. adj. showing or characterized by broad-mindedness (氣量大的) 5. adj. ready to give money, help, kindness, etc,possess 擁有；占有 sponsor 擔(dān)保人；發(fā)起人；贊助者 eccentric 古怪的 tolerant 寬容的 generous 慷慨的；大方的,His novels describe the hardships of poor people who did not possess money or a sponsor to smooth their path. 他的小說描繪了窮人生活的艱辛；他們或者身無分文，或者缺乏贊助人幫助他們鋪平前進(jìn)的道路。 sponsor 1) n.發(fā)起人, 保證人, 主辦人 class sponsor 班主任 2) vt. 發(fā)起, 主辦 sponsored programme 播有廣告的廣播/電視節(jié)目 The exhibition was sponsored by the Society of Culture.這個(gè)展覽會(huì)是由文化學(xué)會(huì)主辦的。,In David Copperfield, the hero experiences suffering before he meets his eccentric, kind and tolerant aunt, Betsy Trotwood. 在小說《大衛(wèi) ? 科波菲爾》中，主人公在遇到怪癖、善良、寬容的姑媽貝特西 ? 特洛特伍德之前歷經(jīng)苦難。 eccentric 1) adj.古怪的，怪癖的，異乎尋常的 She is an ~ old lady. 她是個(gè)古怪的老太太。 2) n. 古怪的人 The old lady is a bit of an ~. 這位老太是個(gè)有點(diǎn)古怪的人。 tolerant adj. 忍受的,容忍的,寬容/恕的(+of/to/towards) She was ~ of different views. 她容忍不同的意見。 Of all the girls she was the most ~. 在所有女孩子中她是最寬容的。,With the 19th century being regarded as one of great women writers, there were also some excellent male authors. 19世紀(jì)被認(rèn)為是偉大的女作家人才輩出的世紀(jì)，這一時(shí)期也有一些優(yōu)秀的男作家。,David benefits from her truly generous nature, and owes his education, wealth and happiness to her care. 大衛(wèi)得益于姑媽那真正慷慨大方的性格，在她的關(guān)心下，大衛(wèi)受到了教育、獲得了財(cái)富和幸福。,Charles Dickens is today confirmed as one of the great writers of the 19th century. 今天，查爾斯狄更斯是公認(rèn)的19世紀(jì)偉大的作家之一。,He spoke fluently, but concentrated on her low social rank with a warmth which did not recommend him as a husband. 他言辭流利、語氣熱烈，但主要是說她的低下的社會(huì)地位，聽起來可不像要做她的丈夫。 warmth n. U. 熱情；熱烈；親切 He expressed his views with a great deal of ~. 他熱情洋溢地表達(dá)了自己的看法。 When speaking, he wasn’t aware of the ~ in his feelings. 他說話時(shí)并沒意識(shí)到自己的熾熱情感。,He concluded by hoping that she would accept his hand in marriage. He spoke of his anxiety, but it was evident from his face that he felt sure of her answer. 他在這番話的最后說，希望她能接受他的求婚。他談到了自己的焦慮，但從他的面部表情來看，很顯然他對(duì)她的回答很有把握。 accept one’s hand in marriage 接受求婚 ask for one’s hand 求婚 give one’s hand 接受求婚 speak of 說到；提到 Is this the book you spoke of the other day? 這是不是你前幾天提到的書？ There is nothing new to ~. 沒什么新鮮事可以說。,At length he asked, “And this is all the reply that I am to have! I might, perhaps, ask why I am refused so abruptly?” 終于，他問道： “這就是我得到的全部答案！也許我可以問一下，為什么我會(huì)被如此斷然地拒絕？” at length (at last; finally) 終于；最終 At length the building was completed. 這個(gè)建筑終于完工了。 At length she changed her opinion about him and gave him her hand. 終于，她改變了自己對(duì)他的看法，并同意嫁給他。,I have every reason in the world to think ill of you. 我有足夠的理由對(duì)你懷有惡感。 every reason 充分的理由 (in the world起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用) There is ~ to believe what he has said. 有充分的理由相信他所說的話。 I have ~ to do that. 我那樣做是有充足的理由的。 think ill of sb 對(duì)某人評(píng)價(jià)不高；討厭某人 think highly of sb 高度評(píng)價(jià)某人 think well of sb 對(duì)某人很看重 think little of sb 輕視某人 think much of sb 看得起某人 think nothing of sb 看不起某人,Could you expect me to congratulate myself on relations, whose condition in life is so decidedly beneath my own? 難道你指望我會(huì)為有生活狀況遠(yuǎn)比我差的親戚而感到慶幸嗎？ congratulate oneself on 慶幸；暗自感到幸運(yùn) He congratulated himself on his successful escape. 他慶幸自己得以成功逃脫。 She congratulated herself on a happy marriage. 她暗自慶幸自己婚姻美滿。 decidedly adv. 明確地, 毫無疑問 She was decidedly cool about the proposal. 她對(duì)這個(gè)提議漠然置之。,It spared me any concern I might have felt in refusing you if you had behaved more like a gentleman. 如果你的舉止更像一個(gè)紳士的話，在拒絕你時(shí)，我可能會(huì)感到不自在，而現(xiàn)在這省掉了我的一切不自在。 spare 1) vt. Can you ~ me a few minutes? 你能為我挪出幾分鐘時(shí)間嗎? [分出,騰出(時(shí)間,人手) ] I want to ~ him the trouble of seeing me off at the airport. 我不想麻煩他去機(jī)場(chǎng)為我送行。 (省掉;使免遭;免去 ) They took his money but spared his life. 他們拿走了他的錢但饒了他一命。 (饒恕,赦免;不傷害) We got to station at noon with time to ~. 我們中午就到了火車站,離開車還有一段時(shí)間。 (剩下),It spared me any concern I might have felt in refusing you if you had behaved more like a gentleman. 如果你的舉止更像一個(gè)紳士的話，在拒絕你時(shí)，我可能會(huì)感到不自在，而現(xiàn)在這省掉了我的一切不自在。 spare 2) adj. spare time (剩下的;空閑的) a spare tire (備用的 ) The farmer is tall and spare. 那個(gè)農(nóng)夫又高又瘦。(瘦的) We got to station at noon with time to ~. 我們中午就到了火車站,離開車還有一段時(shí)間。 (剩下) 3) n. 備用品; 備用輪胎 This tire is damaged. Do you have a spare? 這個(gè)輪胎壞了, 你有備用輪胎嗎?,