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1、第 32課 陳述句與感嘆句 要點(diǎn)梳理 中考對(duì)感嘆句的考查主要是對(duì)引導(dǎo)詞 what和 how的選用。 一、陳述句 .陳述句是敘述一個(gè)事實(shí)或說話人的觀點(diǎn)的句子。它包括 肯定句和否定句。陳述句的句末用句號(hào)，讀時(shí)用降調(diào)。 1. 肯定句 結(jié)構(gòu)：主謂其它 如： It is cold in winter. 冬天冷。 He went to London for vacation last week. 他上周去倫敦度假。 2. 否定句 在 be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加 not。如： He is not a worker. 他不是

2、工人。 They dont like eating outside. 他們不喜歡在外面吃。 3. 否定的其他表達(dá)法 (1)在句子帶有否定詞 hardly, little, few, seldom, rarely等。這些 詞本身具有否定意義，無需再加其他否定詞。如： I hardly see anything in the room. 我?guī)缀蹩床灰姺块g里的任何東西。 (2)表示全部否定： no, never, neither, none, nothing， nobody等。 如： There is no time to eat breakfast.

3、 沒時(shí)間吃早飯了。 表示部分否定： not all, not everything, not everybody, not everywhere, not always等。 如： Not all students go to school by bike. 不是所有的學(xué)生都騎自行車上學(xué)。 (3)賓語從句的否定形式：當(dāng)主語為第一人稱時(shí) think, believe, suppose引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，形式上否定主句的謂語動(dòng)詞實(shí)則否 定賓語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞。 如： I dont think hell come. 我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來。 二、感嘆句 感嘆句用來

4、表示強(qiáng)烈的感情，如喜、怒、哀、樂等。常用 what和 how引導(dǎo)的兩種類型， what常用來修飾名詞， how常用來 修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞。 .用 what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句 1 What a/an 形容詞單數(shù)名詞 (主語謂語 )！ 如： What a heavy box it is！ 多么重的盒子啊！ 2 What 形容詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞 /不可數(shù)名詞 (主語謂語 )！ 如： What beautiful flowers they are！ 多么美的花啊！ What cold water it is！ 多么冷的水??！ .用 how引導(dǎo)的感

5、嘆句 1 How 形容詞 /副詞主語謂語！ 如： How beautiful the flowers look in the garden！ 花園里的花看起來真美！ How wonderfully they swim！ 他們游得太棒了！ 2 How 形容詞 a/an單數(shù)名詞 (主語謂語 )！ 如： How strange a man he is！ 他是多么奇怪的人??！ 3 How 主語謂語！ 如： How time flies！ 時(shí)間飛逝！ 感悟中考 【 例 1】 (2011鹽城 ) ________ inter

6、esting it is to go sailing in Qingdao in summer! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 解析：考查感嘆句的 “ How 形容詞主語謂語 ” 結(jié)構(gòu)， 故選 C。 C 【 例 2】 (2011揚(yáng)州 ) Listen! Someone is playing the piano. Wow! ________ beautiful music! I like it very much. A. What

7、 B. How a C. What a D. How 解析：這句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是名詞，但 music是不可數(shù)名詞， 須用 “ What 形容詞不可數(shù)名詞 ” 結(jié)構(gòu)。故選 A。 A 【 例 3】 ( 2011 河北 ) Look at the photo of the Smiths. ________ happy they are! A. How B. What C. How a D. What a 解析：考查感嘆句的 “ How 形容詞主語謂語 ” 結(jié)構(gòu)， 故選 A。 A

8、 【 例 4】 (2010東陽 ) ________happily the children are flying kites！ A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 解析：考查感嘆句的 “ How 副詞主語謂語 ” 結(jié)構(gòu)， 故選 C。 C 【 例 5】 ( 2010福州 ) ________ interesting talk Mr. Black gave us! Yes, we all like it very much. A.

9、How B. What a C. What an 解析：考查感嘆句的 “ What a/an形容詞單數(shù)名詞 主語謂語 ” 結(jié)構(gòu)，故選 C。 C 領(lǐng)悟語法 .用 What, What a或 How填空 1. high the bird flies！ 2. a heavy box it is! 3. cold water it is! 4. nice day! 5. terrible weather we had yesterday! How What W

10、hat What a What 6. good time the children are having in the park! 7. wonderful the world is! I hope I can live longer. 8. delicious food! 9. big ship the workers have built! 10. nice the watch is! What a How What What a How .單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. ________ bad weather

11、 it is! Its rainy for two weeks. (2011四川 ) A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 解析：考查感嘆句。 What (a/an)形容詞名詞主語謂語！。 How形容詞主語謂語！ weather為不可數(shù)名詞，前用 what，不加 a或者 an, 故選 A。 A ( )2. ________good time we

12、 had at the party last night! Yes. It was ________ exciting party that I would never forget it.(2011深圳 ) A. What; so B. How; such C. What a: such an D. How a; so an 解析：考查短語 have a good time和 such, so的用法。 have a good time固定短語，意為 “ 玩得高興 ” 。

13、 such修飾名詞性短語 (即 a/an形容詞名詞 )， so直接 修飾形容詞。故選 C。 C ( )3. There ________a big earthquake in Japan this March. Yeah. Many Chinese volunteers went there to help the people in trouble. (2011郴州 ) A. was B. is C. were D. have 解析：考查 Ther

14、e be 結(jié)構(gòu)。 句中的時(shí)間狀語和下句的提示應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，后面的 a big earthquake說明謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 A ( )4. ________ delicious beef! Well. You can eat more if you like it.(2011河源 ) A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 解析：考查感嘆句。 What形容詞不可數(shù)名詞！ beef為不可數(shù)名詞。故選 A。 A ( )5. ________ won

15、derful news report he wrote! All of us were proud of him. (2011濱州 ) A. What a B. What C. How D. How a 解析：考查感嘆句。 由后面的 report可知應(yīng)該用 what， report是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)， 故選 A。 A ( )6. ________ clever the girl is! So she is.(2011福州 ) A. How

16、 B. What C. What a 解析：考查感嘆句。 How形容詞主謂！故選 A。 A ( )7. You cant imagine ________ great fun chatting online is. Really? But it may cause you a lot of trouble. (2011南京 ) A. what B. how C. why D. whethe

17、r 解析：考查句式。分析句意，這是一個(gè)感嘆句，在名詞性 詞組前，用感嘆詞 what，故選 A。 A ( )8. ________ expensive mobile phone it is! Yes, but I think ________ style is quite fashionable. (2011鎮(zhèn)江 ) A. What a; a B. How; the C. What an; the D. How

18、an; the 解析：考查感嘆句。 mobile phone可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，故用句式 What (a/an) adj. n.主謂?。?style為特指，前加 the。故選 C。 C ( )9. Look at the photo of the Smiths. ________happy they are！ (2011河北 ) A. How B. What C. How a D. What a 解析：考

19、查感嘆句。 How adj.主語謂語！ happy是形容詞，用 how引導(dǎo)。 故選 A。 A ( )10. ________hard work you have done! Its very kind of you to say so.(2011綏化 ) A. How B. What C What a 解析：考查感嘆句。 What形容詞不可數(shù)名詞主語謂語！ work為不可數(shù)名詞，故選 B。 B .閱讀短文，并完成下列各題 Babies do it for up to eighte

20、en hours a day. Mrs Thatcher and Napoleon both said they only needed to do it three or four hours a night. Sleep. No one can live (1) it. But how much do we really need? 提高題 Research by the National Sleep Foundation in Washington says that we all need eight hours sleep every night. Scientists

21、 have found that people who sleep for less than six and a half hours a night are (2) often ill than people who sleep for eight hours. Going without sleep also increase the chance of (3)serious illness. “Workaholics(工作狂 )” who sleep for less than five hours often die young, and do less well at work

22、. The scientists found that, on average, adults sleep for seven hours a night, with 32% sleeping less than six hours. It also says that the idea that we need less sleep as we get older is completely untrue. “People have no idea (4)對(duì)于他們的 健康來說睡眠是多么重要！ ” Dr Thomas Roth, director of the Found

23、ation says. “Good health needs good sleep.” “But not too much of (5)it， ” says Professor Jim Horn of Loughborough University. “Sleep is like food and drink， ” he believes, “You would always like to have a little bit more, but that doesnt mean you (6)need it.” Professor Horn studied a group of peo

24、ple who could spend as many hours as they wanted in bed; (7)after ten hours they didnt find it any easier to get up in the morning. And people who sleep for more than nine hours a night die younger than people who usually sleep for seven or eight! 1. 在 (1)和 (2)處分別填入合適的詞： 2. 分別寫出 (3)與 (6)劃線單詞的同義詞或近義詞： 3. 將 (4)劃線部分譯成英語： 4. (5)劃線單詞 it指代的是： 5. 將 (7)劃線部分譯成中文： without more bad want How important sleep is to their health! sleep 10個(gè)小時(shí)后，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)早上起床沒有比平時(shí)容易。