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連 詞 conjunction,連詞是一種虛詞， 它不能獨(dú)立擔(dān)任句子成分。用來(lái)連接詞，短語(yǔ)，從句與句子。,連詞主要可分為兩類： 并列連詞 從屬連詞,并列連詞表示詞，短語(yǔ)， 從句或句子之間具有并列關(guān)系。 可以表示平行關(guān)系，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，選擇關(guān)系 和因果關(guān)系。,and (和) both … and（和,兩者都） neither… nor（既不…也不…） not only… but also(不但… 而且…) as well as (和, 也, 除…外, 而且),1.表示平行關(guān)系的連詞：,as well (也,而且,) 用于句末.,,他是一個(gè)科學(xué)家, 而且也是一個(gè)詩(shī)人.,He is a scientist, but he is a poet as well.,He is a scientist as well as a poet.,他們也會(huì)來(lái)嗎?,Are they coming as well?,2.表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞:,but while (而, 雖然) yet (可是) however (而) whereas (而) nevertheless(然而, 不過(guò)),3.表示選擇關(guān)系的連詞,or(或則,否則) or else(否則) otherwise(要不然) either…or…(或者… 或者)rather than (而不是),4.表示因果關(guān)系的連詞,so for thus(因此) hence （因此） therefore （因此）consequently（因而，所以）,二.從屬連詞是用來(lái)引導(dǎo)連接主句和從句的連詞。 分為引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞和引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ) 從句的連詞。,1. 引導(dǎo)名詞性的從句,(1). that,whether,if 不充當(dāng)成分.,(2). 連接代詞 who, whom, which, what 充當(dāng)主, 賓, 定, 表語(yǔ)等.,(3). 連接副詞 when, where, how, why 狀語(yǔ).,,2. 引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞,(1). 時(shí)間: when, while, as 當(dāng)…時(shí) when+瞬間,延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 while+延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 as+瞬間,延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 “一邊…一邊” till/until, once, as soon as(一…就), the moment/instant(一…就), no sooner … than hardly… when the moment,(2). 原因: as because for since,For語(yǔ)氣最弱, 引導(dǎo)的分句放在句末. Because 語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng), 句首,句末均可. As(因?yàn)? 置于句首. Since(既然) 通常置于句首.,(3). 地點(diǎn): where, wherever,(4). 條件: if, unless= if… not, so/as long as suppose(that)假使 on condition that如果 provided/ providing (that) 倘使, 如果,now that(既然) considering that,(5). 讓步: though/ although不與but連用. as(盡管), even if/ though (即使) however(無(wú)論怎樣), whatever no matter how/ who/ which,Although/though 和as(盡管) 的區(qū)別: Although/though引導(dǎo)的從句用正常語(yǔ)序. As 引導(dǎo)的從句用倒裝語(yǔ)序, 即把a(bǔ)s從句中的表語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞原形提至主語(yǔ)前.,盡管天氣冷,可他仍繼續(xù)工作.,Though it was cold, he went on working.,= Cold as it is , he went on working.,盡管你讀得快, 你也不能在三天內(nèi)讀完這本書(shū).,Fast as you read, you can’t finish reading the book in three days.,Although you read fast, you can’t finish reading the book in three days.,不管他怎樣努力, 還是擺脫不了困難.,Try as he might, he could n’t get rid of the difficulty.,