CA6140臥式車床的數(shù)控改造【說明書+CAD】
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DFU-07-417:
大連水產(chǎn)學(xué)院
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)任務(wù)書
2009屆 職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院 機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動化專業(yè)
題目: C6140臥式車床的數(shù)控改造
子題:
學(xué)生姓名: 王遠(yuǎn)東 班級: 機(jī)自07-1班
指導(dǎo)教師(簽章): 于吉鯤 趙成喜 職稱(學(xué)位):講師 助教
所在教研室: 數(shù)控技術(shù)教研室 教研室主任: 于吉鯤
專業(yè)負(fù)責(zé)人(簽章):
下達(dá)日期:2009 年 3月 完成日期:2009年 6月
大連水產(chǎn)學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì)) C6140臥式車床的數(shù)控改造
工作總結(jié)
本文完成了C6140普通車床的數(shù)控改造,C6140數(shù)控化改造之后,恢復(fù)了包括自動換刀在內(nèi)的機(jī)床所有功能。改造后的機(jī)床狀況明顯比改造前有了極大的改善,提高了設(shè)備運(yùn)行的穩(wěn)定性,可靠性,大大降低了設(shè)備的維修費(fèi)用,增加和完善了設(shè)備的功能。提高了機(jī)床的生產(chǎn)效率及產(chǎn)品的加工精度,降低了工人的勞動強(qiáng)度,改造完全達(dá)到預(yù)期的目的。
此設(shè)備為精加工設(shè)備,它的改造對用戶有很重要的意義。此外,對其他的機(jī)床數(shù)控技術(shù)改造有一定的參考價(jià)值。通過本文的研究,主要得出了以下幾點(diǎn)有意義的結(jié)果:
在對原型號機(jī)床的性能技術(shù)指標(biāo)分析之后,根據(jù)改造的具體要求,確定了可行性方案和具體的數(shù)控系統(tǒng)配置。完成舊機(jī)床的溜板箱,刀架等部件的拆除,隱上了伺服進(jìn)給裝置,自動回轉(zhuǎn)刀架以及相關(guān)的檢測,顯示裝置。以匯編語言為語言基礎(chǔ),通過單片機(jī)完成了對機(jī)床各部分的協(xié)調(diào)控制,成功的完成了軟件控制。采用直線插補(bǔ),圓弧插補(bǔ)來逼近加工弧段,并采用半加載的方法來提高插補(bǔ)速度。完成了對機(jī)床的電氣、液壓、潤滑、穩(wěn)定性等方面的設(shè)計(jì),同時(shí)也進(jìn)行了可靠性校核和驗(yàn)算。對伺服系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分析,實(shí)現(xiàn)以步進(jìn)電機(jī)為動力元件的開環(huán)控制。并能即時(shí)地顯示機(jī)床的運(yùn)行狀態(tài)。
本課題“C6140臥式車床的數(shù)控改造”是在導(dǎo)師于吉鯤老師的悉心指導(dǎo)和關(guān)懷下完成的。于老師在論文的選題、內(nèi)容、科研過程和論文撰寫方面給予了作者耐心的指導(dǎo),而且提出了許多建設(shè)性的意見和建議,使我對課題的難點(diǎn)豁然開朗。導(dǎo)師在言傳身教中體現(xiàn)出來的淵博的學(xué)識,嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)闹螌W(xué)態(tài)度,開闊的知識眼界和平易近人的態(tài)度給我留下了深刻的印象。
在此,作者謹(jǐn)向三個(gè)多月來付出了辛勞汗水和心血的導(dǎo)師致以崇高的敬意和衷心的感謝。
其次,感謝學(xué)院領(lǐng)導(dǎo)以及班主任老師等,他們在整個(gè)論文工作期間都給予了很多關(guān)心和幫助,也正因?yàn)樗麄兊膸椭?,作者才能順利的完成了整個(gè)畢業(yè)論文。再次要感謝圖書館的所有工作人員,他們熱情的工作為我的論文資料查閱提供了極大的便利條件。
最后感謝我的同學(xué)以及朋友在我的整個(gè)畢業(yè)論文中所給與的幫助和支持,他們在整個(gè)論文工作期間都與本人進(jìn)行過有益的交流,提出了很多的建議和想法,使作者受益非淺。以及我的家人在我緊張、繁忙的論文工作期間在精神和生活上所給予的最大的理解和支持。
在論文完稿之際,作者真誠的對關(guān)心、幫助、支持過作者的于吉鯤老師,學(xué)院的所有領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、老師、同學(xué)以及親人表示最衷心的感謝,謝謝你們!
大連水產(chǎn)學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì)) C6140臥式車床的數(shù)控改造
工作計(jì)劃
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是在學(xué)生完成全部理論教學(xué)和實(shí)踐教學(xué)后所進(jìn)行的一次綜合訓(xùn)練,是整個(gè)教學(xué)過程中最后一個(gè)主要的實(shí)踐教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié),目的大使學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)理論,專業(yè)知識和基本技能,進(jìn)行工程設(shè)計(jì)忽然科學(xué)研究等工程師的基本訓(xùn)練,進(jìn)一步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的科學(xué)態(tài)度,獨(dú)立分析和解決問題的能力以及創(chuàng)新的精神。
因此,我為這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)制定了一個(gè)詳細(xì)周密的工作計(jì)劃。
本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)完成需12~15周。預(yù)期結(jié)果為機(jī)床主軸箱展開圖、主軸箱橫剖圖、主軸零件圖及主軸的加工編程等。結(jié)果表現(xiàn)形式為全部設(shè)計(jì)圖紙及設(shè)計(jì)說明書。
1 基本要求
(1)中英文文獻(xiàn)及文獻(xiàn)綜述各一份
(2)閱讀有關(guān)材料15篇
(3)外文資料翻譯3000字以上
(4)設(shè)計(jì)說明書2000字以上
(5)折成A0號圖紙4張,其中50%以上圖紙形成電子文檔
2 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)
(1)縱向橫向伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算與校核
(2)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算與校核
(3)數(shù)控機(jī)床控制電路部分設(shè)計(jì)及相關(guān)電路圖 (4)插補(bǔ)算法設(shè)計(jì)
(5)繪制縱向伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)部件裝配圖
(6)繪制橫向伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)部件裝配圖
(7)繪制轉(zhuǎn)位刀架裝配圖
(8)繪制蝸輪蝸桿零件圖
3 工作計(jì)劃
(1)第1~2周 實(shí)習(xí)調(diào)研、檢閱資料
(2)第3~4 周 方案確定、開題報(bào)告
(3)第 5~8周 設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)總體方案
(4)第 8~13周 設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)控化改造基本硬件電路
(5)第 14 周 撰寫說明書(論文)
(6)第 15 周 上交設(shè)計(jì)(論文)
DFU-07-416:
大連水產(chǎn)學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)開題報(bào)告表
課題名稱
C6140臥式車床的數(shù)控改造
題目性質(zhì)
真實(shí)
題目類型
設(shè)計(jì)
題目來源
生產(chǎn)
學(xué)生姓名
王遠(yuǎn)東
專 業(yè)
機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)制造及其自動化
導(dǎo) 師
于吉鯤 趙成喜
一.課題簡介
1.本課題設(shè)計(jì)取自大連機(jī)床廠。該設(shè)計(jì)是大連機(jī)床廠對數(shù)控車床的主傳動系統(tǒng)的生產(chǎn)方案。本課題主要是進(jìn)行數(shù)控機(jī)床主傳動系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì),采用無級變速與分級變速箱相結(jié)合,以增大主軸的調(diào)速范圍。
3.目前該設(shè)計(jì)方案是大連機(jī)床廠關(guān)于數(shù)控車床主傳動的一種生產(chǎn)方案。結(jié)合企業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀,擬采用普通設(shè)備與數(shù)控設(shè)備相結(jié)合的辦法進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)制造。
4.完成該課題需12~15周。預(yù)期結(jié)果為機(jī)床主軸箱展開圖、主軸箱橫剖圖、主軸零件圖及主軸的加工編程等。結(jié)果表現(xiàn)形式為全部設(shè)計(jì)圖紙及設(shè)計(jì)說明書。其中說明書及85%以上的圖紙必須形成電子文檔。
二.報(bào)告內(nèi)容:
具體任務(wù)、內(nèi)容及要求(包括設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算、實(shí)驗(yàn)分析、繪圖質(zhì)量各類圖紙張數(shù)、外文翻譯及撰寫外文摘要等)
1 基本要求
(1)中英文文獻(xiàn)及文獻(xiàn)綜述各一份
(2)閱讀有關(guān)材料15篇
(3)外文資料翻譯3000字以上
(4)設(shè)計(jì)說明書2000字以上
(5)折成A0號圖紙4張,其中50%以上圖紙形成電子文檔
2 設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)
數(shù)控車床能加工工件的最大回轉(zhuǎn)直徑:φ500mm
數(shù)控車床能加工工件的最大長度:1200mm
刀架溜板重量;G縱=800N;G橫=500N
進(jìn)給速度;V縱MAX=0.2m/min;V橫MAX=0.15m/min
刀架快速速度;V縱MAX=2m/min;V橫MAX=1.5m/min
脈沖當(dāng)量;δ縱=0.01mm; δ橫=0.005mm
3 設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)
(1)縱向橫向伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算與校核
(2)回轉(zhuǎn)刀架設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算與校核
(3)數(shù)控機(jī)床控制電路部分設(shè)計(jì)及相關(guān)電路圖 (4)插補(bǔ)算法設(shè)計(jì)
(5)繪制縱向伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)部件裝配圖
(6)繪制橫向伺服驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)部件裝配圖
(7)繪制轉(zhuǎn)位刀架裝配圖
(8)繪制蝸輪蝸桿零件圖
實(shí)習(xí)調(diào)研、檢閱資料
第 1~2 周
上機(jī)運(yùn)算(繪圖)
第 5~13 周
方案確定、開題報(bào)告
第 3~4 周
撰寫說明書(論文)
第 14 周
設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算(實(shí)驗(yàn))
第 5~13 周
上交設(shè)計(jì)(論文)
第 15 周
指導(dǎo)教師簽名: 年 月 日
教務(wù)處制表
大連水產(chǎn)學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì)) 摘要
摘 要
我國是世界上機(jī)床產(chǎn)量最多的國家,但數(shù)控機(jī)床的產(chǎn)品競爭力在國際市場中仍處于較低水平,即使在國內(nèi)市場也面臨著嚴(yán)峻的形勢:一方面國內(nèi)市場對各類機(jī)床產(chǎn)品特別是數(shù)控機(jī)床有大量的需求,而另一方面卻有不少國產(chǎn)機(jī)床滯銷積壓,國外機(jī)床產(chǎn)品充斥市場,嚴(yán)重影響我國數(shù)控機(jī)床自主發(fā)展的勢頭。這種現(xiàn)象的出現(xiàn),除了有經(jīng)營上、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量上和促銷手段上等的原因外,一個(gè)最主要的原因就是新產(chǎn)品(包括基型、變型和專用機(jī)床)的開發(fā)周期長,不能及時(shí)針對用戶的需求提供滿意的產(chǎn)品。
普通機(jī)床的數(shù)控化改造事業(yè)方興未艾,在我國目前形式下將大批故障機(jī)床尤其是一大批閑置的普通機(jī)床進(jìn)行改造、升級,以較小的投入盡快使這批設(shè)備在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮效能、創(chuàng)造效益,的確是許多企業(yè)的一項(xiàng)不可忽視的課題。
關(guān)鍵詞: 脈沖發(fā)生器,滾珠絲杠,滾珠絲杠螺母副,自動刀架,塑料導(dǎo)軌軟帶
Abstract
My national yes machine output mos statet state in the world,the product competitive power at international market suffer still get off to inferiority level , of the therefor numerically-controlled machine , granted that at home market too be faced with austere posture:on the one hand domestic market versus all manner of tool product especially numerically-controlled machine be covered with demand,whereas on the other hand refuse have got not a little made in one's country tool dull sale overstock,abroad tool product overflow market,had a strong impact on me national numerically-controlled machine independence extend momenta into.show such phenomenal face,except to have got manage upper, product quality upper sum sales promotion instrument good cause besides,the development cycle length of the both one upmost cause namely novelty(include fundamental mode, derivative and special machine),be be incapable of in season aim at user's demand supply satisfied product.
General machine tool 'numerical control melt reclaim undertaking be in the ascendant from, upratein our country for the moment form down move in bulk malfunction tool above all crowd idle general machine tool proceed rebuild, up upgrade,withal lesser project into as soon as possible gotten these batch EQUIPment at economic development exert EFFiciency, create benefit,the one term nonnegligible problem of the forsooth yes heap enterprise.
Keywords: Impulse generator,Ball screw,Ball screw nut deputy,Automatism knife rest Plastic rack soft strap
大連水產(chǎn)學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì)) 數(shù)控機(jī)床主傳動系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)文件清單
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)題目: C6140臥式車床的數(shù)控改造
姓名: 王遠(yuǎn)東 班 級: 機(jī)自07-1(本)
編號
名稱
件數(shù)
頁數(shù)
1
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)說明書
1
31
2
畢業(yè)
設(shè)計(jì)
(論文)附件
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)任務(wù)書
1
1
3
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)開題報(bào)告
1
1
4
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)工作計(jì)劃
1
1
5
文獻(xiàn)綜述
1
1
6
外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯
1
9
7
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)工作總結(jié)
1
1
8
圖
紙
A0
1
3
9
A1
10
A2
1
2
11
A3
12
A4
13
電子文檔
1
10
14
其
它
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)選題報(bào)告
1
1
15
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)指導(dǎo)記錄
1
1
16
畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)(論文)中期檢查表
1
1
備
注
圖紙:數(shù)控機(jī)床拆主軸零件圖、主軸箱展開圖、傳動系統(tǒng)圖、軸(橫向)圖、轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)圖和扭矩圖。
2
大連水產(chǎn)學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì)) C6140臥式車床的數(shù)控改造
文獻(xiàn)綜述
機(jī)床的數(shù)控改造,主要是對原有機(jī)床的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性的設(shè)計(jì),最終使機(jī)床達(dá)到比較理想的狀態(tài)。數(shù)控車床是機(jī)電一體化的典型代表,其機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)同普通的機(jī)床有諸多相似之處。
數(shù)控化加工是機(jī)械加工行業(yè)朝高質(zhì)量,高精度,高成品率,高效率發(fā)展的趨勢。結(jié)合我國實(shí)際國情,經(jīng)濟(jì)型數(shù)控車床是我國從普通車床向數(shù)控車床發(fā)展的及其重要的臺階。利用現(xiàn)有的普通車床,對其進(jìn)行數(shù)控化改造是一條低成本,高效益的途徑。
我國目前機(jī)床總量380余萬臺,而其中數(shù)控機(jī)床總數(shù)只有11.34萬臺,即我國機(jī)床數(shù)控化率不到3%。近10年來,我國數(shù)控機(jī)床年產(chǎn)量約為0.6~0.8萬臺,年產(chǎn)值約為18億元。機(jī)床的年產(chǎn)量數(shù)控化率為6%。我國機(jī)床役齡10年以上的占60%以上;10年以下的機(jī)床中,自動/半自動機(jī)床不到20%,F(xiàn)MC/FMS等自動化生產(chǎn)線更屈指可數(shù)(美國和日本自動和半自動機(jī)床占60%以上)。可見我們的大多數(shù)制造行業(yè)和企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)、加工裝備絕大數(shù)是傳統(tǒng)的機(jī)床,而且半數(shù)以上是役齡在10年以上的舊機(jī)床。用這種裝備加工出來的產(chǎn)品普遍存在質(zhì)量差、品種少、檔次低、成本高、供貨期長,從而在國際、國內(nèi)市場上缺乏競爭力,直接影響一個(gè)企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品、市場、效益,影響企業(yè)的生存和發(fā)展。所以必須大力提高機(jī)床的數(shù)控化率。
在美國、日本和德國等發(fā)達(dá)國家,它們的機(jī)床改造作為新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長行業(yè),生意盎然,正處在黃金時(shí)代。由于機(jī)床以及技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步,機(jī)床改造是個(gè)"永恒"的課題。我國的機(jī)床改造業(yè),也從老的行業(yè)進(jìn)入到以數(shù)控技術(shù)為主的新的行業(yè)。在美國、日本、德國,用數(shù)控技術(shù)改造機(jī)床和生產(chǎn)線具有廣闊的市場,已形成了機(jī)床和生產(chǎn)線數(shù)控改造的新的行業(yè)。在美國,機(jī)床改造業(yè)稱為機(jī)床再生(Remanufacturing)業(yè)。從事再生業(yè)的著名公司有:Bertsche工程公司、ayton機(jī)床公司、Devlieg-Bullavd(得寶)服務(wù)集團(tuán)、US設(shè)備公司等。美國得寶公司已在中國開辦公司。在日本,機(jī)床改造業(yè)稱為機(jī)床改裝(Retrofitting)業(yè)。從事改裝業(yè)的著名公司有:大隈工程集團(tuán)、崗三機(jī)械公司、千代田工機(jī)公司、野崎工程公司、濱田工程公司、山本工程公司等。
作為數(shù)控機(jī)床的重要功能部件,伺服系統(tǒng)的特性一直是影響系統(tǒng)加工性能的重要指標(biāo)。圍繞伺服系統(tǒng)動態(tài)特性與靜態(tài)特性的提高,近年來發(fā)展了多種伺服驅(qū)動技術(shù)??梢灶A(yù)見隨著超高速切削、超精密加工、網(wǎng)絡(luò)制造等先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展,具有網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口的全數(shù)字伺服系統(tǒng)、直線電動機(jī)及高速電主軸等將成為數(shù)控機(jī)床行業(yè)的關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn),并成為伺服系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展方向。本文針對普通車床C6140的結(jié)構(gòu),以及數(shù)控加工的基本理論進(jìn)行研究后,采用了Inter公司的生產(chǎn)的單片機(jī)MCS-51T系統(tǒng)的8031作為數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的中央處理機(jī)進(jìn)行對機(jī)床各部件的控制。
內(nèi)容包括:系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動方式的確定,伺服系統(tǒng)的選擇,執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)及傳動方式的確定等內(nèi)容。應(yīng)根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)和要求提出系統(tǒng)的總體方案,對方案進(jìn)行分析,比較和論證,最后確定總體方案。
大連水產(chǎn)學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì)) 外文翻譯
金屬切削
磨削、鉆削、鏜削和齒輪滾洗法
機(jī)床生產(chǎn)廠家一直在為顧客尋找更快、更高效的切削時(shí)期、更快的工作速度、更低的循環(huán)次數(shù)、以及增加金屬切削精度的方法。機(jī)床生產(chǎn)者花了許多他們的費(fèi)用在高速加工設(shè)備上去提高他們的生產(chǎn)效益,比如在IMTS 2000上你將會看到最新的磨削、鉆削、樘削和齒輪滾洗方法。
更快、更可靠的心軸和和提高機(jī)床的控制是提高加工產(chǎn)量和生產(chǎn)力的主要因素?!案斓男妮S,提高生產(chǎn)力,是在一個(gè)堅(jiān)果殼里”Chris Hetzer說,Hrafton,WI工程部代理總工程師,也就是說未來將出現(xiàn)新的心軸并且在IMTS上會有多軸。
Hetzer說:“你不得不正確的去做心軸的設(shè)計(jì),并且心軸不僅要在高速下操作,而且它也要具備能夠隨著生產(chǎn)的要求增加速度的特性,這也意味著動態(tài)的心軸要能確保能在不同的速度、不同的載荷,不同的刀具下能正常工作;這樣,心軸不得不具備一定的硬度,同時(shí)他也要具備一定的韌性以便他能夠經(jīng)得起摩擦、不同程度的撞擊,包括刀具”
一個(gè)可調(diào)心軸所能套的齒輪內(nèi)孔直徑范圍比較大,即一個(gè)“可調(diào)心軸”能適用于多個(gè)內(nèi)孔直徑不同的齒輪,代替多根普通心軸,能減少心軸的磨損,所需心軸長度相對比較短,省材。心軸屬于斜楔夾緊裝置,用于機(jī)械加工中的產(chǎn)品檢測作輔助裝置,主要作為齒輪測量時(shí)的支承件。一套“可調(diào)徑心軸”可代替多跟規(guī)格不同的現(xiàn)有“普通心軸”的作用,所以“可調(diào)徑心軸”比現(xiàn)有的“普通心軸”更有使用價(jià)值和市場價(jià)值。
Hetzer記錄,Gilman?的心軸設(shè)計(jì)需要用FEA確保單元與單元之間的粘合力,其實(shí)這是生產(chǎn)一個(gè)快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)心軸過程中的一小部分,我們真正想要尋找這些高速的心軸就是在整個(gè)生產(chǎn)過程中它的穩(wěn)定性,比如說,一個(gè)170mm的心軸在30KW的情況下,它的轉(zhuǎn)速是24000rpm,我們的顧客想要他們的第一個(gè)心軸是這樣,第二個(gè)是這樣,第三個(gè)是這樣,第四個(gè)也是這樣……
Hetzer說,真正要確保每個(gè)單元之間的粘合力是非常困難的,它需要廣大的FEA分析,這就包括了許多東西,例如生產(chǎn)公差、軸承質(zhì)量,但是剩下的是你的設(shè)計(jì)和分析。
“用戶在生產(chǎn)環(huán)境中用這種高速旋轉(zhuǎn)的心軸去操縱一個(gè)機(jī)器,他們想要持續(xù)的工作,但是如果心軸達(dá)不到這種要求”,Hetzer說,“人們將會把它報(bào)廢掉—這是典型的在高速旋轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)器上可能發(fā)生的事情,這時(shí)這個(gè)心軸將要被換掉,但是如果被換上來的那個(gè)心軸和原來的那個(gè)心軸沒有同樣的切削特性,顧客們將不得不花許多的時(shí)間、許多的金錢去讓這臺機(jī)器像原來一樣運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)?!?
在IMTS中, Gilman將介紹他的15000轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘,高速的帶驅(qū)動的心軸,這種裝置主要呈現(xiàn)一根尼龍帶和一個(gè)交叉的齒狀構(gòu)造。Gilman也將介紹一個(gè)新的揉性的生產(chǎn)空間,這個(gè)系統(tǒng)是重新建造的3軸空間,X-Y-Z模塊出現(xiàn)在400×400×400工作空間內(nèi)。多軸模塊能夠使用帶驅(qū)動的心軸,然而這種心軸使用了Gilman ’Swedish 的母公司SKF生產(chǎn)的陶瓷圓柱滾筒軸承,Hetzer說它的主要特點(diǎn)是心軸能夠忍受由高速旋轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)生能量而帶動心軸的自由運(yùn)動。
Hurco新的VMCS提供了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的10000轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘的心軸,但是它也可以通過軸系轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?0000轉(zhuǎn)/分鐘,這樣就形成了很高的在X和Y軸方向的橫向速度30米/分鐘,當(dāng)被配置Hurco提高的UltiPro Ш在持續(xù)5.1—6.4米/分鐘的進(jìn)給過程中精度和表面粗糙度不受影響的高速運(yùn)動控制軟件,那么這個(gè)單元將會勝過3—D周線工作法。
在磨削設(shè)備中,許多的擁護(hù)對加快磨削速度有一種特別的期待,現(xiàn)在最新的碳化物工具正在幫助解決這個(gè)問題,“更快的速度,更快的吞吐量,更快的循環(huán)次數(shù)是每一個(gè)人都期待的”磨削執(zhí)行副總裁Jon Wolf和機(jī)器工具制造商Sugino Corp,說“提高磨削速讀的關(guān)鍵是提高磨床的進(jìn)給量,例如,在3軸的磨床加工中,它第一提供最小的循環(huán)次數(shù)(36—51米/分鐘),但是你這必須有相應(yīng)的進(jìn)給量,它可以是8米/分鐘,可以是20—23米/分鐘。
“技術(shù)在不斷的變化中,碳化物公司正在制造更好的工具,能夠忍受更高的進(jìn)給量和更快速度的碳化物”Wolf追加道“刀具的尺寸也是邊得越來越多樣化,有很多的技術(shù)在刀具尺寸上,,它可以讓你工作更快,散熱更快”。增加刀具的壽命是每一個(gè)碳化物公司都尋找的,它會使機(jī)器具有更高,更快的進(jìn)給量和加工速度。我們機(jī)器工具公司總是在刀具曲線研究技術(shù)的后面,因?yàn)槲覀兛偸窍胍蠙C(jī)加工,機(jī)加工人們引導(dǎo)著這個(gè)工業(yè)。
速度和精度是金屬加工過程中兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵的因素,但是在孔的加工過程中,快速的心軸旋轉(zhuǎn)速度并不意味著高效的切削速度,Zagar 副總裁Randy Toberts提出了證明,用他的多軸鉆頭或齒輪箱,Zagar Inc主張同時(shí)對一組孔進(jìn)行高速加工,而不是一次只加工一個(gè)孔。
“我們現(xiàn)在會看到Cpk率和1.33—2.0的Ppk率,這些參數(shù)對于產(chǎn)品的使用者來說是非常重要的,比如一個(gè)OEM或者一個(gè)自動控制室”Roberts說,“例如對于一兩車來說GM 可能需要一個(gè)輪子控制中心,然而輪子控制中心有5~6個(gè)要鉆的孔并且是沉頭孔,他們中的每一個(gè)都必須保持1.67Cpk,每一個(gè)孔的公差要求都非常高,位置要求也是很高?!?
“不管是摸削還是鉆削,高速旋轉(zhuǎn)對不同的人來講都意味著不同的事情?!盧oberts說,“在一般情況下,高速就會對旋轉(zhuǎn)速度有影響,例如在傳統(tǒng)的加工一個(gè)孔的情況下”如果你在一個(gè)加工中心或者是一個(gè)單個(gè)心軸的機(jī)器想進(jìn)行多孔的加工,顯然一個(gè)單個(gè)的心軸一次只能加工一個(gè)孔。對于你加工得有多快是沒有關(guān)系的,如過你加工一個(gè)孔需要5秒鐘,加工兩個(gè)孔將花你10秒的時(shí)間,但是還要加上機(jī)器從第一個(gè)孔移到第二個(gè)孔的時(shí)間。
在齒輪的加工設(shè)備IMTS中, 在國家的討論和機(jī)械中心,將展示最新版本的垂直滾動架形成的機(jī)器.Wagner說, “不是傳統(tǒng)的能夠滾動零件在傳統(tǒng)的水壓和速度下,我們現(xiàn)在能夠利用最新的CNC技術(shù)去驅(qū)動滑塊,并且它能讓顧客變化速度就象他們變換他們的零件一樣,最關(guān)鍵的事情是零件和刀具壽命增加了”
國家討論的PFM/NC是在已經(jīng)被賣了30年的垂直機(jī)器上指甲滾動成型機(jī)和CNC控制,因?yàn)榻o機(jī)器在一個(gè)垂直的平面上滾動,它形成了一個(gè)重要的軌跡,Wagner說,它是朝著全球的制造業(yè)發(fā)展并且優(yōu)化了工廠的空間.
PFM滾動機(jī)器用了少于機(jī)器百分之66的空量和能量,并且它的質(zhì)量非常好”
下面的產(chǎn)品是你在IMTS中進(jìn)行金屬加工和齒輪成型的產(chǎn)品
熱量補(bǔ)償
心軸可以根據(jù)速度的范圍自我調(diào)整去維持優(yōu)化的載荷,一個(gè)震動膜耦合從心軸的動力源隔離了搖擺和熱量從而保證了精度,被控制溫度的液體從主要的機(jī)器部件循環(huán)去使能量達(dá)到最小的散失,為了確保精確的爪盤位置,這個(gè)機(jī)器用了一個(gè)嚴(yán)密的聯(lián)合的夾具系統(tǒng),它的移動范圍是1200×1000×1100mm并且載荷限度是2500㎏,心軸的最大轉(zhuǎn)速是 6000轉(zhuǎn)/每分。
六軸磨床
公司為促進(jìn)高速磨床在CAD/CAM系統(tǒng)中的發(fā)展將展示六軸磨床的設(shè)計(jì)。HSC 模型的第六個(gè)軸被使用達(dá)成一特殊化的用兩個(gè)內(nèi)部連續(xù)機(jī)制磨頭旋轉(zhuǎn)的軸和一個(gè)連續(xù)的機(jī)制旋轉(zhuǎn)臺。其基本單位是軸進(jìn)給裝置,長為55英寸(1.4m)、寬23.6英寸(0.6m) 、高19.7英寸(0.5m)和一個(gè)2m×0.6m的工作臺一起配置。此機(jī)床的主要性能特征是:主軸轉(zhuǎn)速為16000r/min、心軸功率為26Kw,和一個(gè)CNC控制,瞬時(shí)的進(jìn)給速率可以達(dá)到28m/min。美國Parpas公司。
?臥式磨床
臥式CNC數(shù)控磨床能測量被加工零件的尺寸。MB1830型臥式磨床裝有兩個(gè)操作控制系統(tǒng):一個(gè)是裝有4GB的硬盤、4 MB的隨機(jī)存儲器、14英寸的彩顯監(jiān)視器和會話程序;另一個(gè)是以基代碼控制的操作系統(tǒng)。此磨床的主要性能特征有:有一個(gè)254㎜×1370㎜的工作臺,能承受545㎏的工件,在X、Y坐標(biāo)上的行程速度是7.6m/min,當(dāng)進(jìn)給速率達(dá)到2.4m/min~3.8m/min時(shí),馬達(dá)需要2.2~3.7KW的功率,心軸像三軸裝置一樣能補(bǔ)償馬達(dá)間接變速,能周期地為機(jī)床工作提供正確的力量和加速度,計(jì)數(shù),電子顯示圖像,實(shí)現(xiàn)高精密磨削。心軸特征包括徑向行程127㎜,心軸能接觸到工作臺, NST40/NST30/ R8 逐漸變小, 而且速度達(dá)到 5000 轉(zhuǎn)/ 每分。
重型滾齒刀磨削
1200型齒輪滾銑機(jī),其漸開線滾齒法對 X 和 Z 軸的新技術(shù)已突破傳統(tǒng)的鑄件和203㎜X254㎜的加工范圍的能力,一個(gè)新的滾齒刀頭"(203 X 254 毫米) 滾齒刀,以最新的電子技術(shù)為特色,這一種被再制造的產(chǎn)品能夠以各種不同周期切斷,能夠容易地實(shí)現(xiàn)與智能軟件一起規(guī)劃和1060型控制所有的這部公司的滾齒刀齒輪機(jī)器上的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。1060型 CNC 控制在下列的五個(gè)軸上的坐標(biāo)系運(yùn)動。 B 軸控制滾齒刀轉(zhuǎn)速;C 軸控制工件轉(zhuǎn)速; X 軸控制中心距;在進(jìn)給中, Z 軸控制行程位置;Y 軸控制切線的進(jìn)給/ 滾齒刀變化。
科赫工作母機(jī) Co
耐用鏜削、磨削
平臥式CNC 和銑床能很好地適合于極大的工件加工。樣板機(jī)NB-130 PE3.5型,這一部機(jī)器的主要性能特征:有一個(gè)1.6m×2.2m和能承受9900㎏工件的旋轉(zhuǎn)工作臺。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的控制是由于 137 X 98 X 63 五個(gè)軸的機(jī)制 Fanuc 16 M CNC"(3.5 X 2.5 X 1.6 m)在 X- Y- Z 的軸中; 一個(gè)0.7m的W軸;除之外而且還有一個(gè)使用90°旋轉(zhuǎn)且水平的定位精度能達(dá)到0.001°的B。一、三象限內(nèi),26.1千瓦的馬達(dá)傳遞給- ft 3787 N·m轉(zhuǎn)力矩,以達(dá)到 2500轉(zhuǎn)/ 每分的速度。
Mitsui 機(jī)器技術(shù)
精密磨床
一個(gè)新型的連續(xù)磨削機(jī)床,這種機(jī)床有利于零件產(chǎn)品的加工。其中包括曲柄搖桿機(jī)構(gòu)和曲柄滑塊機(jī)構(gòu)磨床。聯(lián)合機(jī)床或是光學(xué)定位磨床的結(jié)構(gòu)和精密工具在深度 30㎜深度傳遞的精確度為±5μ。在 250×250 毫米工作臺面上,可以進(jìn)行磨削的范圍為 25 到 75 毫米。在沒有改變和重新裝夾的情況下,系統(tǒng)可以對不同的零件進(jìn)行加工磨削和孔的加工。這種設(shè)備用于自動傳動裝置并很可能用于精密設(shè)備的加工,而且可能地對于建筑儀器,例如重型柴油機(jī)、坦克、航天飛機(jī)和原子技術(shù)的精密磨削和孔加工。
小羊機(jī)制系統(tǒng)
切削加工
一種重型電子的變數(shù)、速度可變的銑削。其主軸的轉(zhuǎn)速為6000轉(zhuǎn)/ 每分,切削機(jī)器的工作臺尺寸為0.3 m X 1.3 m,電動機(jī)的功率為3.7千瓦。用于銑削箱型零件的燕尾槽,阻止面翻轉(zhuǎn)和保證精度,它可以代替以前的立式磨床,適用于大型商店、制造設(shè)備,發(fā)電廠,政府機(jī)關(guān),學(xué)校和原型商店用。這種設(shè)備包括一次加工高564㎜,寬106㎜、長838㎜的零件。
南部彎曲車床
深處鉆削
使垂直主軸的機(jī)器以高速的鉆深洞。Microdrill機(jī)器能同樣地鉆好直徑在0.762 毫米以下,深度為356毫米。主軸轉(zhuǎn)速達(dá)到25000轉(zhuǎn)/ 每分,滲透率高達(dá)508 毫米。機(jī)器的垂直設(shè)計(jì)加工1.1 X 1.2 m的地面空間。以達(dá)到四件主軸指定,由 CNC 技術(shù)監(jiān)聽速度,控制冷卻劑,系統(tǒng)能測量出在深孔處工具上的最小一個(gè)遲鈍的鉆孔機(jī)點(diǎn)。主要設(shè)計(jì)特征包括主軸的加工范圍,能夠加工工作臺上工件適應(yīng)角度的尖銳孔。陶瓷鉆頭裝配在鉆孔機(jī)上,機(jī)器內(nèi)裝有511.7-L型冷凍劑系統(tǒng)。
大連水產(chǎn)學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì)) 外文翻譯
Metal Cutting
Grinding, drilling, boring and gear roller washing method
Machine tool manufacturers have been looking for customers faster, more efficient cutting period, the faster speed, lower cycle times and increase the accuracy of metal-cutting approach. Machine tool producers to spend a lot of their costs go up in the high-speed processing equipment to improve their production efficiency, such as in the IMTS 2000, you will see the latest grinding, drilling, cutting and gear roller washing method.
Faster, more reliable and improve the spindle and machine tool control is to improve the processing yield and productivity of the main factors. "Spindle faster, increasing productivity in a nut shell in" Chris Hetzer said, Hrafton, WI Division Deputy Chief Engineer, that is to say the future will be the emergence of new spindle and there will be a multi-axis IMTS.
Hetzer said: "You do have to correct the design of spindle and spindle not only in high-speed operation, and it also has to increase with the rate of production characteristics, this also means that the dynamics of spindle to be able to ensure that the different speeds, different loads and different tool to work under; This spindle had to have a certain degree of hardness, at the same time, he must also possess a certain degree of toughness so that he can stand up to friction, to varying degrees impact, including the tool "
An adjustable spindle of the gear can be set within the scope of relatively large diameter, that is, a "adjustable spindle" can be applied in a variety of different hole diameter gear, instead of an ordinary multi-spindle, spindle to reduce wear and tear required spindle length is relatively short, the provincial timber. Wedge spindle clamping devices are used for machining of products as an aid to detection devices, used primarily as a measure of support gear pieces. A set of "adjustable diameter spindle" can be replaced by a different and more with the specifications of the existing "common spindle" role, it is "adjustable mandrel diameter" than the existing "common spindle" use value and market value of more .
Hetzer Records, Gilman spindle design of the need to use FEA to ensure that the units and the bonding between units, and in fact this is a fast-running production in the process of spindle a small part, we really want to find these high-speed spindle is in the the production process of its stability, for example, a 170mm spindle in the case of 30KW, its speed is 24000rpm, our customers want their first spindle that is the case, the second is the case, the third is this the fourth the same way ... ...
Hetzer said the real intention is to ensure that the bonding between each unit is very difficult to force, it requires that the analysis of the FEA, which includes many things, such as manufacturing tolerances, bearing quality, but the rest of your design and analysis .
"Users in a production environment with such high-speed rotating spindle to control a machine, they want to continue to work, but if spindle not such a request", Hetzer said, "people will be scrapping it out -- This is typical in high-speed rotary machine may be what is happening, when the spindle to be replaced, but if that were put to the original spindle and spindle that do not have the same cutting characteristics, customers will have to spent a lot of time, a lot of money to let the machine running the same as the original. "
In the IMTS in, Gilman will present his 15,000 rev / minute with high-speed spindle drive, the device has a major nylon belt and a cross-cutting structure of the dentate. Gilman also will introduce a new production space of kneading, the system is re-constructed 3-axis space, XYZ module appears in the 400 × 400 × 400 work spaces. Modules to use with multi-axis drive-axis of the heart, but the use of spindle Gilman 'Swedish production of the parent company of SKF cylindrical roller bearings ceramic, Hetzer said the main characteristics of the spindle can not tolerate the energy generated by the high-speed rotation and drive spindle of the Freedom Movement.
Hurco provided VMCS new standards 10000 rev / min spindle of, but it can also be changed through the shaft of 30,000 rev / min, so that the formation of a high X and Y axis in the direction of the horizontal speed of 30 m / min , when the Hurco is configured to increase the UltiPro Ш sustained 5.1-6.4 m / minute to process into the accuracy and surface roughness is not affected high-speed motion control software, this unit will be better than the 3-D line work week law .
In the grinding equipment, a lot of support to speed up the grinding speed on a special look, and now the latest carbide tools are helping to solve this problem, "faster, faster throughput, faster cycle times is everyone looks forward to the "grinding Jon Wolf, executive vice president of tools and machinery manufacturers Sugino Corp, said," to improve grinding speed-reading the key is to improve the feed grinder, for example, in the 3-axis grinding machine, it the first cycles to provide the smallest (36-51 m / min), but you must have a corresponding feed rate, it can be 8 m / min, it can be 20-23 m / min.
"Technology changes constantly, the carbide is the creation of a better tool that can tolerate a higher feed rate and faster speed carbide" Wolf added Road "is the size of the tool edge are becoming more and more diversified, There are a lot of technology in the tool size, it can let you work faster, faster heat dissipation. " Increase in tool life of carbide for each company are looking for, it will make the machine a higher, faster feed rate and processing speed. Machine tool company, we always research techniques in the tool behind the curve, because we always want to keep up with the machine processing, machining and guide people to this industry.
Speed and accuracy of processing metal two key factors, but in the process of hole machining, rapid rate of spindle rotation speed does not mean that the efficient, Zagar, vice president Randy Toberts has proved that with his multi - drill shaft or gearbox, Zagar Inc advocate hole at the same time a group of high-speed processing, and not only the processing time of a hole.
"Now we see that the rate of Cpk and Ppk rate of 1.33-2.0, the product of these parameters is very important to users, such as an OEM or an automatic control room" Roberts said, "For example, 12 cars GM may need a wheel control center, control center, however the wheels are 5 to 6 months to drill the hole and head holes, each of them must be maintained 1.67Cpk, each hole has a very high tolerance requirements, location requirements is very high. "
"Whether it is cutting or drilling touch, high-speed rotation of the different people in terms of both mean different things." Roberts said, "Under normal circumstances, the speed will affect the speed of rotation, for example, in the traditional processing of a hole the case of "If you, or in a machining center is a single spindle machine would like to carry out the processing of porous, apparently of a single spindle can only be processed once a hole. For how fast you process is not related to processing such as a hole you need to 5 seconds, and processing the two holes will cost you 10 seconds of the time, but would also like to add the machine from the first hole to the second hole time.
Processing equipment in the gear IMTS, in the national discussion and mechanical centers, will showcase the latest version of the vertical plane formed by the rolling machine. Wagner said, "is not a traditional scroll parts to the traditional pressure and speed, we are now able to using the latest CNC technology to drive the slider, and it can change the speed of customers as they transform their parts, the most important thing is to spare parts and tool life has increased, "
Countries to discuss the PFM / NC that has been sold in 30-year vertical rolling machine nail machine and CNC control, because the machine in a plane perpendicular to the rolling, it formed an important track, Wagner said, it is toward the development of the manufacturing industry and the global optimization of the factory space.
PFM machine rolling machine to use 66 percent less than the amount of space and energy, and the quality of it very good "
The following products are you IMTS in metalworking and gear molding products
Heat compensation
Spindle speed based on the scope of self-adjustment to optimize the load to maintain a membrane coupling vibration spindle from the power source and heat isolation of the rock in order to ensure the accuracy of the liquid temperature was controlled from the main components of the machine so the energy cycle to achieve the smallest loss, in order to ensure precise location of claw plate, this machine used a tight joint fixture system, which is the movement of the scope of 1200 × 1000 × 1100mm and load limit is 2,500 kg, the maximum spindle speed is 6000 rev / every minute.
Six-axis grinding machine
For the promotion of high-speed grinding machine in the CAD / CAM system will showcase the development of the design of six-axis grinding machine. HSC sixth axis model is used to reach a specialized mechanism for two internal grinding head rotation axis and a mechanism for continuous turntable. The basic unit is the axis feed device, a length of 55 inches (1.4m), width 23.6 inches (0.6m), a high 19.7 inches (0.5m) and a 2m × 0.6m with the configuration of the table. This machine's main performance characteristics are: spindle speed for 16000r/min, spindle power of 26Kw, and a CNC control, instantaneous feed rate can reach 28m/min. U.S. companies Parpas.
? Horizontal Grinder
CNC Horizontal CNC grinding machine to measure the size of parts to be machined. Horizontal Grinder MB1830 with operational control of two systems: one is equipped with a 4GB hard drive, 4 MB of random access memory, 14-inch Color Monitor and session procedures; another is controlled by the operating system code base. This machine's main performance characteristics are: a 254 mm × 1370 mm of the table, can withstand 545 kg of the workpiece in the X, Y coordinates of the trip speed is 7.6m/min, when the feed rate to achieve 2.4m/min ~ 3.8m/min, the motor needs 2.2 ~ 3.7KW of power, three-axis spindle as the same device can be indirect compensation motor speed, the cycle for the machine tool can provide the correct power and acceleration, counting, electronic display image, to achieve high Precision Grinding. Spindle radial itinerary features include 127 mm, spindle access to workstations, NST40/NST30 / R8 gradually become smaller, and the speed of 5,000 rev / minute.
Knight Machines.
Heavy rolling cutter grinding
1200 rolling gear milling machine, the gear hobbing on X and Z axis of the new technology has broken through the traditional casting X254 mm and 203 mm range of processing capabilities, a new Hobbing Cutter "(203 X 254 mm) cutter roll to the latest electronic technology to the characteristics of such a re-manufactured products have been able to cut a variety of different cycles can be easier to achieve, together with intelligent software-based planning and control of all of 1060 this company's roll gear cutter machine standards. 1060-based CNC control in the following five-axis movement of the coordinate system. B-axis speed control roller cutter; C-axis speed control of the workpiece; X-axis away from the control center; of the feed, Z axis position control visit; Y-axis control feed tangent / roller cutter changes.
Koch Machine Tools Co
Durable boring, grinding
Flat and horizontal CNC milling machine is well suited for processing workpieces great. Model NB-130 PE3.5 aircraft type, the machine's main performance characteristics: there is a 1.6m × 2.2m and can withstand 9900 ㎏ workpiece rotary table. Control standards as a result of 137 X 98 X 63 of the mechanism of five-axis Fanuc 16 M CNC "(3.5 X 2.5 X 1.6 m) in the X-Y-Z axes in; the W-axis of a 0.7m; In addition to outside but also there is a 90 ° rotation and the use of the level of positioning accuracy of 0.001 ° to achieve B. a three quadrant, 26.1 kilowatts delivered to the motor - ft 3787 N m torque to achieve the 2500 turn / minute speed.
Mitsui Machine Technology
Precision Grinder
For a new grinding machine, the machine parts in favor of products. Crank-rocker mechanism including the slider-crank mechanism and grinder. Joint machine or optical positioning precision grinding machine tool structure and the depth of 30 mm depth in the transmission accuracy of ± 5μ. 250 × 250 mm in the work of the table, the scope of grinding can be carried out for 25-75 mm. In the absence of change and re-clamping, the system can be of different grinding and processing parts of the processing hole. Such equipment for automatic transmission and is likely to precision equipment for the processing, but also to the construction equipment, such as heavy-duty diesel engines, tanks, space shuttle and atomic technology, Precision Grinding and Drilling.
Lamb mechanism system
Cutting
A heavy-duty electronic variable speed milling variable. The spindle speed to 6000 rev / minute, cutting machine table size of 0.3 m X 1.3 m, the motor power of 3.7 kilowatts. Parts for the milling of the swallowtail box slot, to prevent surface inversion and to ensure accuracy, it can replace the previous vertical grinder, for large stores, manufacturing facilities, power plants, government agencies, schools and shops with a prototype. This device includes a processing of high 564 mm, width 106 mm, 838 mm long parts.
South bend lathe
Deep drilling
So that the vertical axis of the machine to high-speed deep hole drilling. Similarly Microdrill drilling machine can be well below 0.762 millimeters in diameter, a depth of 356 millimeters. Spindle speed reached 25,000 rev / minute and permeability up to 508 millimeters. The vertical design of the machine processing the 1.1 X 1.2 m floor space. In order to achieve four main designated by the CNC technology to monitor speed, coolant control, the system can be measured in deep-hole tool on the Department a minimum of a dull drill point. The main design features include the scope of the main axis of the processing that can adapt to processing the workpiece table sharp angle hole. Ceramics in the drill bit assembly, the machine contains 511.7-L-type refrigerant system.
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