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1、定義及構(gòu)成 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主要包括不定式 the man speaking to the teacher可改為the man who is speaking to the teacher.（2）現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)：The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在這家上演的電影很棒。The present situation is inspiring. 當(dāng)前的形勢(shì)鼓舞人心。be + doing既可能表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，也可能是現(xiàn)在分詞做表語(yǔ)，它們的區(qū)別在于be + doing表示進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作是進(jìn)行時(shí)，而表示特征時(shí)是系動(dòng)詞be與現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。 （3）作

2、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：如下動(dòng)詞后可跟現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)她在隔壁唱歌嗎？He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他讓小汽車在門口等著。（4）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)：作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worke

3、r.在工廠工作時(shí)，他是一名先進(jìn)工人。作原因狀語(yǔ)：Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青團(tuán)員，他經(jīng)常幫助他人。作方式狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨：He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里， 又擦又洗。 作條件狀語(yǔ)：(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.要是整天玩，你就會(huì)浪費(fèi)寶貴的時(shí)間。作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)： He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了，結(jié)果摔

4、得粉碎。作目的狀語(yǔ)：He went swimming the other day. 幾天前他去游泳了。作讓步狀語(yǔ)：Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.雖然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。與邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格：I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head我等汽車時(shí)，一只鳥(niǎo)落到我頭上。All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.所有的票已經(jīng)賣光了，他們失望地離開(kāi)了。Time permitting, wel

5、l do another two exercises. 如果時(shí)間允許，我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。有時(shí)也可用with (without) +名詞（代詞賓格）+分詞形式With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他點(diǎn)著燈睡著了。作獨(dú)立成分：udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor.從外表看，他一定是個(gè)演員。Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般說(shuō)來(lái)，女孩子更細(xì)心。 （四）過(guò)去分詞：過(guò)去分詞只有一種形式：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞由動(dòng)詞原形加詞尾-ed構(gòu)成。不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)

6、去分詞沒(méi)有統(tǒng)一的規(guī)則要求，要一一記住。過(guò)去分詞的句法功能：1過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)：Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我們班開(kāi)展了一次有組織的旅行。Those selected as committee members will attend the meeting. 當(dāng)選為委員的人將出席這次會(huì)。注意當(dāng)過(guò)去分詞是單詞時(shí)，一般用于名詞前，如果是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，就放在名詞的后面。過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句。2過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)： The window is broken. 窗戶破了。They were frightened a

7、t the sad sight. 他們對(duì)眼前悲慘的景象感到很害怕。注意：be + 過(guò)去分詞，如果表示狀態(tài)是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，如果表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。區(qū)別：The window is broken.（系表）The window was broken by the boy.（被動(dòng)）有些過(guò)去分詞是不及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的，不表示被動(dòng)，只表示完成。如： boiled water（開(kāi)水） fallen leaves（落葉）newly arrived goods（新到的貨） the risen sun（升起的太陽(yáng)）the changed world（變了的世界）這類過(guò)去分詞有：gone, come, fallen,

8、 risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。3過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：I heard the song sung several times last week.上周我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)這首歌被唱了好幾次。有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞做with短語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了，他們出去玩去了。4過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)：Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.受到鄰居們的表?yè)P(yáng)，他成為父母的驕傲。（表示原因）Once seen,

9、 it can never be forgotten. 一旦它被看見(jiàn)，人們就忘不了。（表示時(shí)間）Given more time, Ill be able to do it better.如果給予更多的時(shí)間，我能做得更好。（表示條件）Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.雖然被告之有危險(xiǎn)，他仍然冒生命危險(xiǎn)去救那個(gè)孩子。（表示讓步） Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充滿了希望與恐懼，他走進(jìn)山洞。編輯本段典型習(xí)題1The Olymp

10、ic Games, _ in 776 B.C,didt include women players until 1919.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing析：根據(jù)題干，必須選表示被動(dòng)的選項(xiàng)，故排除A、D；因B選項(xiàng)表“將要被舉行”意，不合題干之用，只有C選項(xiàng)（相當(dāng)于which was first played）才合用。2European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the wor

11、ld.A.making B.makes C.made D.to make析：B、C是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，在此不可用。D項(xiàng)to make 或表目的，或表“將要使得”，這都不合題干情景。只有A.making,可作狀語(yǔ)，表結(jié)果。再舉一現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)例：The bus was held up by the snowstorm,causing the delay.公共汽車被大風(fēng)雪所阻，因而耽誤了。3Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking析：根據(jù)this

12、 evening,應(yīng)選表示將來(lái)義的選項(xiàng)，C、D應(yīng)排除。Take后無(wú)賓語(yǔ)，必然要用被動(dòng)式，故答案為A。 4John was made _ the truck for a week as a punishment.A.to wash B.washing C.wash D.to be washing析：根據(jù)be made to do sth.句式，可定答案為A。5The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating析：根據(jù)warn sb.(n

13、ot)to do sth.句式，可排除B、D兩項(xiàng)；又根據(jù)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定式not總是在首位的規(guī)律，又可排除A，而定C。6I usually go there by train. Why not _ by boat for a change?A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going析：此題可根據(jù)why not后直接跟原形動(dòng)詞規(guī)律而一舉確定正確答案為D。若將B項(xiàng)改為try to go，則要根據(jù)其與try going意義之別來(lái)確定答案。依據(jù)題干對(duì)話內(nèi)容，乙方是建議甲方嘗試乘船變變花樣，所以答案仍為D。 7_ a reply,h

14、e decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received析：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的否定式not應(yīng)置于首位，B、D皆為錯(cuò)誤形式。A項(xiàng)不能表達(dá)先于decided的動(dòng)作，只有選C項(xiàng)才表沒(méi)收到信在先，決定再寫(xiě)信在后，所以C為正確答案。8Charles Babbage is generally considered _ the first computer.A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having mvente

15、d 析：consider表“考慮”意時(shí)，其后動(dòng)詞用doing形式，此處不表“考慮”，而表“認(rèn)為”，這時(shí)consider后作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)多為to do,to have done,to be等形式。據(jù)此可排除B、D兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)。又因A表“要發(fā)明”意，不合題用，只有C表“發(fā)明了”意，才合題用，故選C。 9Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited析：“被邀請(qǐng)參加晚會(huì)”，應(yīng)選表被動(dòng)意的選項(xiàng)，B不可用。D項(xiàng)少引導(dǎo)詞

16、who，也應(yīng)排除。又因短暫動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)式不可作定語(yǔ)，C也應(yīng)排除，只有A.invited(who were invited)才是正確答案。10The murderer was brought in,with his hands _ behind his back. A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tired D.tied析：B表主動(dòng)意，應(yīng)排除。C表“將要被捆綁”，A表“正在被捆綁”都不合題意，只有D項(xiàng)填入空白才能表達(dá)“雙手被反綁著”這一意思，符合題干情景。再看一類似例句： He came in,(with)his head held high.他昂首走

17、了進(jìn)來(lái)。編輯本段更多練習(xí)1._ more attention,the trees could have grown better.A.To give B.Having given C.Given D.Giving 2.The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.to be written B.written C.being written D.having written3.The missing boys were last seen _ nea

18、r the river.A.to play B.play C.to be playing D.playing4._ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.To lose B.Lost C.Having lost D.Losing5.When passing me he pretended _ me.A.to see B.not having seen C.to have not seen D.not to have seen6.The children insisted _ there on foot.A.they go

19、ing B.they would go C.on their going D.going7.He still remembers _ to Shanghai when he was very young.A.taking B.being taken C.taken D.having taken 8._ the railway station,we had a break,only _ the train had left.A.Arriving at;to find B.Coming to;discovering thatC.On arriving at;finding out D.Hurryi

20、ng to;to have found out9.With the boy _ the way,we had no trouble _ the way _ to Zhongshan Park.A.leading;finding;leading B.to lead;found;to lead C.led;finding;led D.leading;found;led10._ these pictures,I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Being and _ from the top of a thirty-storeyed

21、 building,Beijing looks more beautiful.A.Seeing;seen B.Seen;seeing C.Seeing;seeing D.Seen;seen11.I can hardly imagine Peter _ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A.to have sailed B.to sail C.sailing D.sail12.If you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air _ against your face.A.mo

22、ved B.moving C.moves D.to move13._ is known to all,China will be an _ and powerful country in 20 or 30 years time.A.That;advancing B.This;advanced C.As;advanced D.It;advancing14.While shopping,people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞專練答案15 C B D B D 610 C B A A A 1114 C B C C Thank you！