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事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題就是對文中的具體信息提問，即對時(shí)間﹑地點(diǎn)﹑原因﹑人物﹑事件、目的等具體信息進(jìn)行提問。這類題在高考的閱讀理解中占的比例最大。 細(xì)節(jié)題有數(shù)字計(jì)算題、排序題、是非判斷題，但主要還是語意轉(zhuǎn)換題，事實(shí)上前三種題中的選項(xiàng)也很少見與文中信息的表達(dá)方式一模一樣的，也大多經(jīng)過了同義轉(zhuǎn)換。語意轉(zhuǎn)換通常有三種。,語意轉(zhuǎn)換題的三種類型,1. 直接信息題 雖說是直接信息題，但選項(xiàng)與文中信息的表達(dá)方式也不會完全一樣，正確選項(xiàng)是文中的某個(gè)信息點(diǎn)或某個(gè)句子的信息的另一種表達(dá)。考生找起來相對較易。 [例1](2011廣東) Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual. People behind me began to get impatient and angry…shouting at me…I put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed. No more angry shouts and no more horns!,… But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak. What did the other drivers do when they saw the flashlights? A. They speed up to pass. B. They waited with patience. C. They tried their best to help. D. They put on their flashlights too.,B,解析：B 在文中對應(yīng)信息是But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited，正確選項(xiàng)B。They waited with patience，其中with patience (耐心地)是instead of getting impatient and angry (沒有不耐煩和生氣)的另一種表達(dá)形式。,2. 間接信息題 雖然正確選項(xiàng)的對應(yīng)信息在文中可以找到，但其對應(yīng)的信息點(diǎn)不是一個(gè)信息點(diǎn)或在某個(gè)句子中，而是涉及前后兩三個(gè)信息點(diǎn)，或兩三個(gè)句子的信息，這兩三個(gè)信息點(diǎn)或句子可能緊緊相連，也可能不在同一段落。 [例2] (2013廣東) Fred Epstein, in his book If I Make It to Five, tells a story he heard from one of his friends about Tom, a four-year-old boy with a cancer in his back bone. He came through several operations and a lot of pain by mastering his imagination.,What do we know about Tom? A. He was seriously ill. B. He was a dishonest boy. C. He was crazy about magic. D. He was Dr. Epstein’s patient. 解析：A 正確選項(xiàng)是A，其對應(yīng)信息在前后兩句話中，關(guān)鍵信息是“癌癥(cancer)”“經(jīng)歷了幾次手術(shù)(through several operations)”“非常痛苦(a lot of pain)”，通過歸納，可知“他的病非常嚴(yán)重”，故選A。順便提提，“癌癥(cancer)”是“生病(ill)”的下義詞。,A,3. 綜合信息題 或叫細(xì)節(jié)推斷題，正確選項(xiàng)中幾乎沒有一個(gè)詞可以在文中找到，也不是簡單的用同義或近義詞替換而來，而是要求考生在理解多個(gè)信息點(diǎn)之后得出的結(jié)論。這些信息點(diǎn)可能在一句，可能在整段甚至前后幾段，考生要對這些信息進(jìn)行分析綜合，歸納提煉，才可作出正確選擇。,[例3] (2013廣東) One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England, an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me. “This boy has lost his family,” he wrote.,◆When he first met the author, David . A. felt a little excited B. walked energetically C. looked a little nervous D. showed up with his teacher,C,解析：C 在文中對應(yīng)信息是 “He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly”，考生要根據(jù) “他不安地踱來踱去，面色蒼白，他的雙手在微微顫動”綜合考慮這些具體的細(xì)節(jié)描寫，再結(jié)合常識進(jìn)行推斷，才可知道“他看起來有點(diǎn)緊張”，故選C。,1. When Tom went for the third operation, he___. A. pretended to be painful B. acted like a superhero C. appeared in poor spirits D. argued with his mother 解析：B 在文中對應(yīng)信息是“Maybe I could go as Superman” “buying the expensive costume(戲裝)” “The next day Tom appeared as the powerful Superman”，由此可確認(rèn)Tom去動第三次手術(shù)時(shí)，“他裝扮成超人”，故選B。,即學(xué)即用,B,2. What made David change? A. His teacher’s help. B. His exchange of letters with the author. C. The author’s friendship. D. The author’s silent communication with him.,D,解析：D 在文中對應(yīng)的信息主要是第三段中的in complete silence和最后一段第二句But I also learned that one—without any words—can reach out to another person，可知是作者同David的無聲交流改變了David，故選D。描寫David的變化及其原因，前后跨越了3個(gè)段落。,3. Why did Delta give the author’s family credits? A. They took a later flight. B. They had early bookings. C. Their flight had been delayed. D. Their flight had been cancelled.,A,解析：A 在題干中找到關(guān)鍵詞Delta, 順著找到the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day和下面的The next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight…Our total take:$ 1,600. 可知，Delta航空公司給他們錢是因?yàn)樗麄冏t些時(shí)候的班機(jī)，故選A。,