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走向高考 · 英語,路漫漫其修遠(yuǎn)兮 吾將上下而求索,人教版(課標(biāo)卷地區(qū)) · 高考總復(fù)習(xí),Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors,選修八,第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識聚焦,Ⅰ.單詞速記 A．識記單詞 1．__________ (n.) 可能的選擇 (adj.) 供選擇的；其他的 2．__________ (vt. & vi.) 打斷……講話；打岔；暫時中斷或中止 3．__________ (vt.) 假定；設(shè)想 4．__________ (n.) 種類；類別；范疇 5．__________ (adv.) 以……方式；不知怎么地,alternative interrupt assume category somehow,6．__________ (vt.) 刪；刪除 7．__________ (n.) 學(xué)院；學(xué)會；學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)體；院校 8．__________ (vi. & vt.) 加速；促進(jìn) 9．__________ (vt.) 逮捕；吸引 (n.) 逮捕；拘留 10．__________(adj.) 暈眩的；昏亂的；使人發(fā)暈或困惑的,delete academy accelerate arrest dizzy,B．聯(lián)想串記 11．__________ (n.)挨餓；餓死 →____________ (vi.)挨餓；餓死 12．__________ (n.)精確；準(zhǔn)確 →____________ (adj.)準(zhǔn)確的；精確的 13．__________ (v.)(使)鋒利，尖銳；清晰 →____________ (adj.)鋒利的，尖銳的 →____________ (n.)磨具，削具 14．__________ (adj.)凌亂的；臟的 →____________ (n.)凌亂，臟,starvation starve accuracy accurate sharpen sharp sharpener messy mess,15．__________ (n.)分析 →____________ (pl.) →____________ (vt.)分析 16．__________ (n.)意義；意思；重要性；重要意義 →____________ (adj.)重要的 17．__________ (n.)分割；劃分；分配；分界線 →____________ (v.)分割，劃分，分配 18．__________ (vi. & vt.)鼓掌歡迎；贊賞 →____________ (n.)鼓掌 19．__________ (adj.)有技巧的；熟練的 →____________ (n.)技能，技巧,analysis analyses analyse significance significant division divide applaud applause skilful skill,Ⅱ.短語互譯 1．不管；不顧 ____________________ 2．至多；最多 ____________________ 3．切碎 ____________________ 4．受夠了；飽受；厭煩 ____________________ 5．向前看；為將來打算 ____________________ 6．date back (to.) ____________________ 7．a(chǎn)rrest sb. for ____________________ 8．with relief ____________________ 9．keep out ____________________ 10．turn to sb. for help ____________________,regardless of at most cut up fed up with look ahead 追溯到；始于 因……而逮捕某人 欣慰地 阻止進(jìn)入 向某人求助,Ⅲ.典句析練 1．“must have＋過去分詞”表示“對過去的肯定猜測” It ___________________ (一定是) very uncomfortable. 【仿寫】當(dāng)他醒來時，他意識到晚上肯定有人進(jìn)了房間。 When he woke up, he realized that someone ____________ ____________ at night. 2．if only虛擬語氣表示“要是……就好了” ____________________(要是……就好了) it could be just like last year! 【仿寫】要是我采納了他的建議就好了！ ______________________________________________!,3．“had＋過去分詞.when.”表示“剛剛……這時……” She ____________________ (就要到達(dá)) her destination ______________ (這時) a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. 【仿寫】他剛走進(jìn)教室，這時鈴聲響了。 He _____________ the classroom ________________.,4．only to do表示意想不到的或令人失望的結(jié)果，意思是“結(jié)果卻……” Abruptly she sat down, ________________________ (結(jié)果卻被……摟了起來) by her laughing，shouting sister, Luna. 【仿寫】湯姆去游泳，卻不幸被淹死了。 Tom went to swim, ________________________.,答案：1.must have been；must have entered the room 2．If only；If only I had taken his advice 3．had almost reached；when；had just entered；when the bell rang 4．only to be scooped up；only to be drowned,Ⅳ.課文縮寫語法填空 A group of students came to Zhoukoudian caves for __1__ visit. An archaeologist showed them __2__. He told them it was here __3__ they found evidence of the earliest people __4__ lived in this part of the world，and it was reasonable to assume they had lived in these caves，regardless __5__ the cold. We had discovered fireplaces __6__ the center of the caves where they made fires.,It seemed that they might have used __7__(sharp) stone tools to cut __8__ the animals and remove their skin __9__ (sew) the pieces together. Maybe there was trade between early people. They didn't grow their own crops，__10__ picked fruit and killed animals. 答案：1.a 2.around 3.that 4.who/that 5.of 6.in 7．sharpened 8.up 9.to sew 10.but,1.alternative adj.供選擇的；其他的n.可能的選擇；選擇對象 [教材原句]Can you think of the alternatives we would use today？(P37) 你能想到我們今天可供利用的辦法嗎？,①We are very sad to have to do this, but there is no other __________ now. 我們?yōu)椴坏貌贿@么做而感到難過，但是現(xiàn)在沒有其他的選擇。 ②用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(report)。 I had no alternative but __________ him to the police. ＝I had no choice but __________ him to the police. ＝I could do nothing but __________ him to the police. 我除了向警察舉報(bào)他，別無選擇。,③The material's inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic. 這種材料的發(fā)明者說它有各種各樣的用途并且總有一天會成為塑料制品的更環(huán)保型替代品。 答案：①alternative ②to report；to report；report,2．interrupt vt. & vi.打斷……講話；打岔；暫時中斷或中止 [教材原句]I'm sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here？(P38) 對不起，打斷了你的講話，請問他們怎么能夠住在這個地方呢？,①Trade between the two countries __________ __________ __________ the war. 兩國之間的貿(mào)易被戰(zhàn)爭中斷了。 ②It is not polite to __________ a speaker with frequent questions. 不斷提問打斷演講者是不禮貌的。 ③She has kept up physical training for several years __________ __________ . 她堅(jiān)持體育鍛煉，多年來從未間斷。,答案：①was interrupted by ②interrupt ③without interruption,3．a(chǎn)ssume v．假定；設(shè)想；假裝；承擔(dān),①I __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ a professor in a university. 我認(rèn)為她不是一所大學(xué)的教授。 ②__________ __________ __________ __________ shopping on the Internet is not perfect. 人們認(rèn)為網(wǎng)上購物不是完美的。 ③Don't assume it is OK to be rude if the person you're in touch with won't recognize you. 如果你聯(lián)系的那個人不會認(rèn)出你，你也不要認(rèn)為粗魯沒關(guān)系。,④Assuming that you get a large sum of money, what will you do? 假設(shè)你得到一大筆錢，你會做什么？ ⑤We made an assumption that the house price would fall. 我們臆斷房價會下降。 答案：①assumed her not to be ②It is assumed that,4．significance n．意義；意思；重要性；重要意義 [教材原句]His university was aware of the significance of his work.(P40) 他所在的大學(xué)知道他的工作的重要性。 Few people realized the __________ of the discovery. 很少有人意識到這一發(fā)現(xiàn)的重要性。 答案：significance,5．a(chǎn)rrest n．逮捕；拘留 vt.逮捕；吸引 [教材原句]She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.(P43) 快到目的地的時候，一陣香氣撲鼻，她不往前走了，停了下來。,①Wayne was __________ __________ dangerous driving. 韋恩因危險(xiǎn)駕駛被拘留。 ②The title of the essay __________ __________ __________. 那篇文章的題目吸引了我的注意。 答案：①arrested for ②arrested my attention,1.regardless of不管；不顧(側(cè)重指不計(jì)后果和代價) [教材原句]So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.(P38) 所以我們有理由認(rèn)為他們不顧嚴(yán)寒，就住在這些洞穴里。,[方法規(guī)律]①regardless of.強(qiáng)調(diào)“不認(rèn)為……重要”，從而不加以重視或考慮，而despite和in spite of有“盡管……但是”之意。②regardless of后可跟whether、what引導(dǎo)的從句，而in spite of和despite后不可接從句。 ①He continued speaking, __________ __________ my feelings on the matter. 他繼續(xù)說個不停，不顧我對此事的感受。 ②__________ __________ __________future oil supplies, the situation is uncertain. 關(guān)于未來石油供應(yīng)問題，情況尚不確定。 答案：①regardless of ②With/In regard to,2．fed up with受夠了；飽受；厭煩 She was fed up with her do-nothing son. 對她那游手好閑的兒子，她已經(jīng)是忍無可忍了。,根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子 ①Well, I'm __________ __________ __________ (厭煩) all the attention of the public. ②All animals including men __________ __________ (以……為食) plants or other animals. ③You'd better __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ (把這些新鮮的蔬菜喂給) the little boy. 答案：①fed up with ②feed on ③feed these fresh vegetables to,3．date back to(＝date from)追溯到…… [教材原句]All the objects are from the same excavation site in Sanxingdui and can be dated back to between 3,000 and 5,000 years ago.(P44) 所有的物品都來自于三星堆的一個挖掘點(diǎn)，時間可以追溯到3,000年到5,000年前。,①The history of hockey can __________ __________ __________ thousands of years ago. 曲棍球的歷史可以追溯到數(shù)千年前。 ②My interest in stamp collecting __________ __________ __________ my schooldays. 我從學(xué)生時代起就愛好集郵。 ③According to the expert, the temple has a history __________ __________ __________ the early Tang Dynasty. 據(jù)專家說這座寺廟可追溯到唐朝初期。,[名師點(diǎn)撥] (1)date back to/date from 一般無進(jìn)行時態(tài)，無被動語態(tài)。 (2)當(dāng)談?wù)摤F(xiàn)在的某一物品時，雖然該物品生產(chǎn)于過去某一時間，但時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。 答案：①date back to ②dates back to ③dating back to,“If only.”句式 [教材原句]If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year！(P38) 她今年要是早有預(yù)見，計(jì)劃得更好些就好了！ [方法規(guī)律]“If only＋句子”是一個固定句型，表示一種愿望“要是……就好了/但愿……”。 (1)if only.could/would/might＋do.表示對將來事情的愿望(不用should) (2)if only.did.表示與目前或現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望 (3)if only.had done.表示與過去事實(shí)相反的愿望,用所給詞的正確形式填空。 ①If only I __________ more time to think about this suggestion.(have) 我要是有更多的時間去考慮這個建議就好了。 ②If only I __________ __________ the doctor's advice！(follow) 要是我聽從了醫(yī)生的建議該多好??！ ③If only we __________ __________ the opportunity to work in Tibet next year.(have) 我們明年要是有機(jī)會去西藏工作就好了。,④Only if you work hard can you pass the exam. 只有你努力學(xué)習(xí)你才能通過考試。 答案：①had ②had followed ③could/would/might have,完成進(jìn)行時 1．—Nice to see you again after all these years.What have you __________(do)? —Well, I've tried many things since we left school. I'm now working for a large oil company. 答案：been doing 考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語“all these years”可知，問句問的是“這些年你一直在干什么”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是謂語動詞的動作從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且目前還在進(jìn)行。所以用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。,2．—Have a break, Amy. You __________(practice) playing the piano all the morning. —OK, Mom. I will stop after this piece. 答案：have been practicing 考查時態(tài)。句意為：——Amy，體息一會吧。你整個上午都在練習(xí)彈鋼琴?！玫?，媽媽。彈完這首就休息。根據(jù)時間狀語all the morning可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)動作從過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。,3．—Tom __________(wait) for immediate aid from the medical team. —Really? But the team is not coming till next week. 答案：has been waiting 考查時態(tài)。由句意可知，湯姆一直在等待醫(yī)療隊(duì)的緊急救助，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。,4．Since the recent river pollution in Shanxi Province, people __________(pay) more and more attention to the water quality. 答案：have been paying 考查時態(tài)。句意為：因?yàn)榻鼇砩轿魇“l(fā)生的河流污染，人們已經(jīng)開始越來越多地關(guān)注水的質(zhì)量問題。根據(jù)句意可知，“人們關(guān)注水的質(zhì)量問題”這一動作從過去發(fā)生到現(xiàn)在仍然在繼續(xù)，因此用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。,5．—Are you still waiting to make a phone call? —Yes. This woman __________(talk) on the phone for the last twenty minutes. 答案：has been talking 考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)“for the last twenty minutes”可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。,1．(2014·江西改編)—Tony, why are your eyes red? —I __________(cut) up peppers for the last five minutes. 答案：have been cutting 考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：“湯尼，為什么你的眼睛紅紅的？”“我這五分鐘都在切辣椒?！爆F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時也是現(xiàn)在完成時的一種，表示動作從過去一直做到現(xiàn)在，并且有可能還將繼續(xù)做下去。另外含有in/during/over the last/past/recent three years之類的時間狀語，句子常用現(xiàn)在完成時。,2．(2014·福建改編)Our club is open to everyone __________ of age, sex or educational background. 答案：regardless 考查介詞短語的辨析。regardless of不管；不顧。句意：我們俱樂部向每一個人開放，不管年齡、性別和教育背景。,3．(2014·湖南改編)Since the time humankind started gardening, we __________(try) to make our environment more beautiful. 答案：have been trying 考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句可知所填詞表示“從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作”，強(qiáng)調(diào)其持續(xù)性，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。,