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2016高考導(dǎo)航——適用于全國卷Ⅰ,專題7 并列句和狀語從句,,1．(2015河南洛陽第二次統(tǒng)考)Keep it in mind，__________ gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it. 2．If your skin becomes red，sore____________very scaly， consult your doctor. 3．(2015 山東臨沂二模)They can either choose to accept the challenge ____________donate 100 dollars，or do the both. 4．(2015高考北京卷，單項填空，改編)He is a shy man， ____________he is not afraid of anything or anyone.,考點一 并列句,and,or,or,but,1．表并列、遞進或順承關(guān)系：and，both.and.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.，as well as The earth is one of the sun’s planets，and the moon is our satellite. 地球是太陽系中的一顆行星，月亮是地球的衛(wèi)星。 2．表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but，yet，whereas，nevertheless It is often said that the joy of traveling is not in arriving at your destination but in the journey itself. 人們常說旅行的樂趣不在于你最終所到達的目的地，而是旅行本身。,3．表選擇關(guān)系：either.or，not.but.，or，otherwise，or else，rather than Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.現(xiàn)在你可以休息，或者去看電影。 4．表因果關(guān)系：for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首)，so，therefore He found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail. 由于他的視力的下降，他發(fā)現(xiàn)讀書越來越困難了。,5．when“就在這時，突然”，常用于以下句式： (1)sb.be about to do/on the point of doing sth.when. 某人正要做某事，突然…… (2)sb.be doing sth.when. 某人正在做某事，突然…… (3)sb.had done sth.when. 某人剛做完某事，突然……,One Friday，we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.當(dāng)我們周五在收拾行李要去度周末時，我的女兒突然聽到了呼救聲。 She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. 昨天她剛完成家庭作業(yè)，她媽媽就讓她練習(xí)鋼琴。,名師指津 Find ways to praise your children often，and you’ll find they will open their hearts to you. 設(shè)法常常表揚你的孩子，這樣你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)他們樂意向你敞開心扉。,單句語法填空 1．(2015湖南岳陽一中檢測改編)Stand where you are， ____________I will come and help you. 2．(2014高考天津卷，語法填空，節(jié)選)Give me a chance， ____________I’ll give you a wonderful surprise. 3．There was a way to help him grow more，___________ his parents did not have enough money to pay for his medical needs.,and,and,but,4．(2015河南頂級名校5月模擬)I went back inside and found him，safe____________very frightened. 5．(2015河南省三門峽市二模)I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains.The sun was setting____________my car broke down near a remote village.,but,when,1．(2015濟寧模擬)It is nearly fifteen years____________I last saw her—she is the owner of a local restaurant where I briefly worked one summer as a waitress. 2．(2015石家莊二模)That morning I made sure I had enough to drink and went to the toilet about three times____________ we left.,考點二 ?？嫉臅r間狀語從句,since,before,3．(2015龍口模擬)The restaurants are not“fast food”．They are known as“fast casual”．________________McDonald’s is struggling to get its customers back，Shake Shack is doing well financially. 4．(2015青島自主診斷)Some deep thought lets us know that when even a small mistake has been made，your feeling will stay out of balance____________the mistake is acknowledged and your regret is expressed.,As/When/While,until/till,when，while和as的用法,“當(dāng)……時候”，可與延續(xù)性動詞或短暫性動詞連用；從句動作可以發(fā)生在主句動作之前、之后或與主句動作同時發(fā)生。,When you apply for a job，you must present your credentials. 當(dāng)你申請工作時，你必須遞交你的有關(guān)證件。,“當(dāng)……時候”，一般只可與延續(xù)性動詞連用，從句動作與主句動作同時發(fā)生。,Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal. 客人們就要吃完的時候，瑪麗去煮咖啡了。,“一邊……一邊……”,常與延續(xù)性動詞連用,從句動作與主句動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生。,As he grew older，he became less active.隨著他逐漸長大，他變得不那么活潑了。,單句語法填空 1．(2015山東省實驗中學(xué)二模)____________Shirley was three years old，her parents sent her and her sisters to live with their grandmother in Barbados. 2．(2015高考重慶卷，單項填空，改編)If you miss this chance，it may be years____________you get another one. 3．(2016濟南高三針對性訓(xùn)練)Dr.Adam Goldstein has warned tobacco companies are trying to avoid and even weaken anti－tobacco laws，and the fight is going to be difficult.But he added，“We should not give up_________ we make sure tobacco industry goes out of business.”,When,before,until/before,1．(2015福州質(zhì)量檢測)The rent for my apartment was really cheap____________it was in the middle of one of the busiest neighborhoods in town. 2．(2014高考重慶卷，單項填空，改編)Half an hour later， Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi ____________ the bus had dropped her.,考點三 ?？嫉牡攸c狀語從句、原因狀語從句,because,where,1．地點狀語從句 地點狀語從句表示地點、方位，通常由where，wherever引導(dǎo)，可置于句首、句中或句尾。 I cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting. 因為我坐的地方噪音太大，所以聽不清教授在說什么。 易錯警示 where引導(dǎo)的定語從句與狀語從句的區(qū)別： 地點狀語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別在于從句在句中所作的成分,如果作狀語,則是狀語從句；如果作定語，則是定語從句。,The little girl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.那個迷路的小女孩決定待在原地等她的母親。(狀語從句，其中remain為不及物動詞) The little girl who got lost decided to remain in the place where she was and wait for her mother.(定語從句),2．原因狀語從句 原因狀語從句可由because，as，since，now that等詞引導(dǎo)： (1)because譯作“因為”，表直接原因，語氣較強，能回答由why提出的問句。 The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.那位老人讓露西換坐到另一把椅子上，因為他想挨著妻子坐。,(2)as(由于)，since (既然)，now that/in that(既然)，表雙方都知道的原因，語氣較弱。as，since和now that引導(dǎo)的從句多位于主句之前。 Now that you have done that，stop blaming yourself.既然你已經(jīng)做了，就不要自責(zé)了。,單句語法填空 1．___________that you have got a job，you should learn to be independent of your parents. 2．(2015陜西寶雞質(zhì)檢)During the Spring Festival，there was less air pollution __________ fireworks were forbidden. 3．—Coach，can I continue with the training? —Sorry，you can’t ____________ you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.,Now,as/because,as/because,1．(2015高考江蘇卷，單項填空，改編)It is so cold that you can’t go outside____________fully covered in thick clothes. 2．(2015高考湖南卷，完形填空，節(jié)選)It’s simpler because, ____________ you have a computer，you can find information you need by searching the Internet.,考點四 ?？嫉臈l件狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句和讓步狀語從句,unless,if,3．(2015高考安徽卷，單項填空，改編)__________________ ________scientists have learned a lot about the universe，there is much we still don’t know. 4．(2015南陽一中二模)You are falling ____________fast that just turning your head can send you off in a different direction.This is the wild side of a sport that has not found its limit—freeflying.,Although/Though,/While,so,1．條件狀語從句 (1)條件狀語從句的常見引導(dǎo)詞 if，unless(＝if.not)，so/as long as(只要)，on condition that (條件是)，so/as far as，if only(＝if)，provided that(如果)，in case(萬一，如果)，suppose/supposing that(假設(shè)，如果)等均可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。 We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it’s very cold.除非下雨或天很冷，否則我們將在本周日去公園野餐。,My parents don’t mind what job I do as long as I am happy.我的父母不在意我從事什么工作，只要我高興就好。 (2)條件狀語從句的時態(tài) 在條件狀語從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來含義；現(xiàn)在完成時表即將完成之后的情況；一般過去時表過去將來的含義。 If everyone does his part，the project will surely be a success.如果大家都盡責(zé)，這個項目肯定會成功。,2．結(jié)果狀語從句 結(jié)果狀語從句由so.that.，such.that.，so that引導(dǎo)。 There is so little time left that I don’t think I can finish it as scheduled. 剩下這么少的時間，我想我不能按時完成。 3．讓步狀語從句 (1)although，though，while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句 Though/Although/While regular exercise is very important，it’s never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.盡管有規(guī)律的鍛煉很重要，但臨睡前鍛煉不是個好 主意。,(2)as，though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句常倒裝 Hot as/though the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey. 在長途跋涉之后，盡管夜晚的空氣很熱，我們還是因為累睡得很熟。 (3)“疑問詞＋－ever”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，意為“無論……”的結(jié)構(gòu) However hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. 不管你多么努力，如果不減少飯量，減肥很難。,(4)whether.or.引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，意為“不論……還是 ……”，提供兩種對比情況。 We’ll go on with the work，whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot.不管我們能否找到所需的工具，我們都要把這件工作做下去。,單句語法填空 1．(2015河北五個一名校聯(lián)盟監(jiān)測二)Mike：How about computers with a P3? Rose：Oh，very good，_________________they don’t work as fast as P4 computers，yet they are much cheaper. 2．(2015南昌十所重點中學(xué)二模)It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English.____________we persist in this practice，gradually we’ll learn how to express ourselves in English. 3．(2014高考湖南卷，單項填空，改編)You will never gain success____________you are fully devoted to your work.,though/although,If,unless,技法1 觀察題干，弄清句式之間的關(guān)系 (1)先分析句式，弄清句式之間的關(guān)系是解題關(guān)鍵。 (2)并列連詞的考查集中在“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”結(jié) 構(gòu)；and表并列；yet/but表轉(zhuǎn)折；or表選擇；so表因果；while表對比；when表“突然，這時”等方面。,(2014高考大綱全國卷，單項填空，改編)Call me tomorrow ____________ I’ll let you know the lab result. 【解析】 句意：明天給我打電話，我會讓你知道實驗結(jié)果 的。由語境可知，此處是“祈使句＋and＋簡單句”這一固 定句式結(jié)構(gòu)。,and,(2015河南頂級名校5月模擬)Seven others were so badly damaged____________their owners had to leave them，and fifteen others had broken windows or roofs. 【解析】 解題時要分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，確定思維切入點，本句 考查so.that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，故答案為that。,that,