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—Look ! What day is it today? Why are they getting together again? —Today is March, 12th when people get together to plant trees!,----Where is it? ----It is the basketball court. It is a place where we can play basketball indoors.,,The attributive clause introduced by when, where and why.,----That is Mrs. Green and she has asked for a leave for her giving a birth to her kid. ----That is the reason why she doesn’t come to work as usual.,定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞的用法,1. 定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系副詞有： when, where, why 2. 關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中所作的成份： 關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中都作狀語(yǔ)。 when 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；where 作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)； why 作原因狀語(yǔ)。,He remembered the day when I arrived in this big city. I went back to the place where I was born and grew up. Please give me the reason why you were late this time.,when 作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，意為 on the day,where 作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，意為in the place,why作原因狀語(yǔ)，意為for the reason,Detailed explanation,when 指時(shí)間，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，它的先行詞為time, day, morning, night, week, year, moment, period, age等，亦可用“介詞+which”替代。,我仍然記得第一次坐飛機(jī)旅行的時(shí)間。,我們生活在許多事情可以在電腦做的時(shí)代。,We are living in an age when many things are done on computer.,I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.,where指地點(diǎn)，在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。它的先行詞通常為place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等，亦可用“介詞+ which”替代。,Can you tell me the company where he works?,你能告訴我他工作的公司嗎？,Keep the books in a place where you can find them easily.,請(qǐng)把書放在容易找到的地方。,Attention,where 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句還可以修飾表示抽象空間概念的名詞，如 case(情況), point(地步) situation(情形), position(位置), stage(階段)…,What are some situations where body language is the only form of communication?,在哪些情形下身體語(yǔ)言是唯一的溝通方式？,why 指原因或理由，它的先行詞只有reason， 在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)，亦可用“介詞for+ which”替代。,Can you tell me the reason why you didn’t come to his birthday party?,你能告訴我你沒(méi)參加他的生日宴會(huì)的原因嗎？,3. 并非先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和原因的詞時(shí)都用when, where, why，若先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中不作狀語(yǔ)，而是作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，就必須用which或that。 We often think of the days which we spent together in the countryside.,which在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ),比較: We often think of the days when we worked together in the countryside.,when在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于 on the days。,We believe the reason that he told us. 比較: The reason why/for which he was absent yesterday is still unknown.,4. 關(guān)系副詞when, where和why也可用“介詞+which”來(lái)代替，要注意其先行詞(名詞）與介詞的合理搭配，介詞根據(jù)先行詞或定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞來(lái)確定。 when 相當(dāng)于“at/in/on/during + which” where 相當(dāng)于“in/at/on + which” why 相當(dāng)于“for + which”,Is this the day when/on which I visited the museum? Please put the letter on the desk where/on which he can easily find it. This is the reason why/for which he didn’t come to the meeting.,結(jié)論：只有當(dāng) “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，才能用關(guān)系副詞代替。,注意：關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系： “介詞+關(guān)系代詞”在從句中作狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)關(guān)系副詞。如： 王先生工作的那家工廠是一家鞋廠。 這個(gè)句子有以下三種表達(dá)方式：,The factory that/which Mr. Wang works in is a shoe one. The factory in which Mr. Wang works is a shoe one. The factory where Mr. Wang works is a shoe one.,17,關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別,關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ) 關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ),如何選用定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞,1.首先分清主句和定語(yǔ)從句 2.確定定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞 3.先行詞代入法：把先行詞帶回到定語(yǔ)從句中去，看其在定語(yǔ)從句中做什么語(yǔ)法成分（主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ) ？還是狀語(yǔ)？） 4.若先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)則選擇關(guān)系代詞，若在從句中做狀語(yǔ)，則選擇關(guān)系副詞。,1. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ______ people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by which C. which D. that,2. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _______ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where [點(diǎn)撥] 這是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是a day care center，表示地點(diǎn)，故選where。,3. The village has developed a lot _____ we learned farming two years ago. A. when A. when B. which C. that D. where [點(diǎn)撥] 該句先行詞是The village，定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞被謂語(yǔ)has developed a lot隔開(kāi)，從句中缺地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故選where。,4. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _____ he grew up as a child. A. which B. that C. where D. when,5. Is this the reason ____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained,6. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, ____ five are mine. A. on which B. in which C. of which D. from which,