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2019-2020年高中英語(yǔ) unit 1導(dǎo)學(xué)案 新人教版必修1 重點(diǎn)單詞拓展 1. adj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的→ vt. 使心煩；使不安 2. vt.不理睬；忽視→ adj.無(wú)知的→ n. 忽略；無(wú)知 3. vt. （使）擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系到；n. 擔(dān)心；關(guān)注; (利害）關(guān)系→ adj.有關(guān)的；擔(dān)心的→ prep. 關(guān)于 4. adj.松的；松開(kāi)的→ vt.松開(kāi) 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)梳理 1. up合計(jì) 2. (...) down（使）鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái);（使）平靜下來(lái) 3. have ________ to 不得不；必須 4. be about 關(guān)心；掛念 5. go _____________ 去度假 6. pay __________ 為……付錢 7. ________ in the exam 考試作弊 重點(diǎn)句子掃描 1. ...but your friend go he/she finishes cleaning his/her bicycle. ……但是你的朋友不把自行車弄干凈不能走。 2. Your friend es to school very . 你的朋友來(lái)上學(xué)時(shí)心情很不好。 3. While the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 遛狗的時(shí)候，你太大意了，一松手，狗就被車撞到了。 4…..tell him/her that he/she_________________, so you don’t ______________ your paper. …..告訴他（她）本應(yīng)好好學(xué)習(xí)，所以你不會(huì)讓他（她）看你的試卷。 知識(shí)探究與發(fā)現(xiàn) 1.Add up your score and see how many points you get. 自主探究 add up 的意思是 聯(lián)想拓展 ①If you add 4 to 3 , you get 7. ②I don’t want to add to your troubles. ③The figures add up to 137. ④I should like to add that we are pleased with the test result. 用法歸納 add ...to ... （例①） add to （例②） add up to （例③） add （例④） 即學(xué)即練 ①That’s all I have to say. Is there anything you’d like to , John? A. talk B. require C. add D. deliver ②That is the very coin I need to my collection. A. add up B. add in C. add on D. add to 2. Your friend broke your camera and you had to pay to get it repaired. 自主探究 get sth. done 的意思是 聯(lián)想拓展 ① I’ll get the car going. ② Get him to see a doctor. 用法歸納 get sb./sth. doing （例①） get sb. to do sth. （例②） 即學(xué)即練 ①講解后，老師讓我們思考起問(wèn)題來(lái)。 Shortly after the explanation the teacher got us ________ . ②我們將很快為你訂制一套新衣服。 We will get a new suit _________ for you. ③她試圖使他說(shuō)話。 She tried to get him _________ . 3.upset 語(yǔ)境展示 ①Your friend e to school very upset. ②The students really upset her. ③Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit. ④Don’t upset yourself — no harm has been done. ⑤He was horribly upset over her illness. 自主探究 upset的用法小結(jié):upset 既可以當(dāng)___ 詞(例①⑤),意思是 ；還可以做 詞（例②③④），意思是 即學(xué)即練 ①The food my stomach. ②She felt rather on hearing the news. ③Is it an message? ④Don’t be . It will be OK. 4.calm 語(yǔ)境展示 ①…and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down. ②Hi，everybody, calm down please. ③He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down. ④After the storm, the sea became calm again. ⑤.He kept calm in face of great danger. 自主探究 calm既可以用做___ _ 詞(如例①②③),意思是___ __; 又可以用做______詞(如例④⑤),意思是 。 即學(xué)即練 ①. He is so excited that it is hard for him to _____ _____(平靜下來(lái)). ②. The nurse tried to _____ the little boy _____ by giving him some candies.(使平靜下來(lái)). ③. In time of danger it is important for one to _____ _____(保持鎮(zhèn)靜). 詞語(yǔ)辨析 calm 天氣、水、水面（表風(fēng)平浪靜）；（指人時(shí)）表示鎮(zhèn)定自如。 quiet 表“寧?kù)o”、“安靜”、“寂靜”，側(cè)重沒(méi)有響聲，沒(méi)有噪音和沒(méi)有動(dòng)靜。指人時(shí)側(cè)重性格溫和，文靜。 silent 表“沉默”、“不發(fā)言”、“不說(shuō)話”，常常表示人不愛(ài)說(shuō)話，沉默無(wú)語(yǔ)。 still “不動(dòng)的”，指人時(shí)側(cè)重一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，；指物時(shí)指完全沒(méi)有聲音，突出靜止不動(dòng)。 用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①. Please stand ______ while I take your photo. ②. Why do you keep ________? ③. Everything was ________. ④. He remained ____in the face of the enemy. 5. concern 語(yǔ)境展示 ①…tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her… ②. The car accident concerned him deeply. ③. Thank you for your concern. 自主探究 concern 可用作 詞，意思是 （如例②）；也可作 詞（如例③），意思是 ；還可以構(gòu)成短語(yǔ) ，（如例①） 聯(lián)想拓展 ①As far as I am concerned, you can go whenever you want. ②We read stories concerning visitors from outer space. ③This novel is concerned with the second world war. ④I’m not concerned with that matter any longer. I was very concerned about my mother’s illness. 我很擔(dān)心母親的病情。 更多用法歸納 as fa as sb./sth. is concerned 意思是 （例①） concerning 的意思是 （例②） be concerned with 的意思是 （例③④） 即學(xué)即練 （1）單項(xiàng)填空 The meeting was concerned _______ reforms and everyone present was concerned _ _ their own interests. A. with; for B. for; which C. for; about D. about; with （2）用concern的適當(dāng)形式填空. ①There is an article that the rise of the prices. ②The children are rather about their mother’s health. 6. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 譯成漢語(yǔ) 自主探究 while walking the dog= 語(yǔ)境展示 ①When crossing the street, you should be careful. ②If heated, water can be turned into vapour. ③He will not go to the party unless invited. ④He fell asleep while doing his homework. 歸納總結(jié) 在 （例①④）， （例②③），讓步，方式等狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果 的主語(yǔ)與 的主語(yǔ)一致，謂語(yǔ)含有系動(dòng)詞be，可以省略 的主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞be。 即學(xué)即練 用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①Don’t speak until _________. (speak) ②Once ______, it can never be forgotten.(see) ③Unless_______,the machine is of no use.（repair） ④ While ______ in the countryside, he made many friends with the native there. (work) 高考鏈接 ①.When first ________ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (NMET xx全國(guó)卷II) A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced ②. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss. (NMET xx全國(guó)卷IV) A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned 7…. he/she should have studied, …. 譯成漢語(yǔ) 自主探究 should have done的意思是 = 聯(lián)想拓展 You shouldn’t have told him about this. 歸納總結(jié) shouldn’t have done的意思是 = 即學(xué)即練(英漢互譯) ① You ought to have helped him. __________________________________ ② 那天我不該對(duì)你大喊大叫的。 _______________________________________ Period 2＆3 Reading 自主學(xué)習(xí)方案 重點(diǎn)單詞拓展 1. ________ adv. 在戶外；在野外→________ adv.(反義詞)，在室內(nèi) 2. adj.整個(gè)的；完全的；全部的→ adv.整個(gè)地；完全地；全然地 3. n.能力；力量；權(quán)力→ adj.強(qiáng)有力的 4. adj.積滿灰塵的→ n.灰塵；塵埃 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)梳理 1. go 經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受 2. set 記下；放下；登記 3. a of一連串的；一系列；一套 4. be about對(duì)……很著迷；對(duì)……十分 5. on 故意 6. to根據(jù)；按照 7. dusk 在黃昏時(shí)刻 8. face face 面對(duì)面地 課文詞匯填空 Anne Frank is a 1_________（猶太的）girl who lived in Netherlands during the World War II. Her family had to 2________ or they would be caught by the 3_______ （德國(guó)的)Nazis. During the time in the 4________ （隱匿的）place, Anne set down a 5_______ （系列）of facts in a diary . Anne made her diary her best friend 6________ she could tell everything to and in the diary she showed us 7_______ she 8_______（經(jīng)歷）during the war. 課文大意概括 安妮，一個(gè)整日躲在家中的猶太女孩，在二戰(zhàn)期間堅(jiān)持寫(xiě)日記。她把日記作為最好的朋友；在日記中她實(shí)現(xiàn)了過(guò)上正常的生活的渴望。 The story is about Anne_______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 課文重點(diǎn)句型背誦和模仿 1. I wonder if it ‘s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)久無(wú)法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無(wú)比狂熱。 句子模仿1. 我不知道是否因?yàn)槲业柠u莽使得史密夫先生對(duì)我這么生氣。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 句子模仿2. 他在想是否因?yàn)樗呐笥褜?duì)她很關(guān)心所以她的心情才平復(fù)下來(lái)。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 2. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 我記得非常清楚，以前，湛藍(lán)的天空，鳥(niǎo)兒的歌唱，月光和鮮花，從未令我心迷神往過(guò)。自從我來(lái)到這里，這一切都變了。 句子模仿1. 我還記得曾經(jīng)有段時(shí)間他不愿去學(xué)校上學(xué)。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 句子模仿2. 在中國(guó)歷史上,曾經(jīng)有過(guò)一段時(shí)期中國(guó)鼓勵(lì)與世界其他國(guó)家進(jìn)行貿(mào)易。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 3. …it was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face … ……這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次目睹夜晚…… 句子模仿1.這是我們第一次面對(duì)面地談?wù)摰竭@件事情。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 句子模仿2. 這是他第二次參與怎樣解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題的討論。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________. 知識(shí)探究與發(fā)現(xiàn) 1…or would not understand what you are going through go through 語(yǔ)境展示 ①The country has gone through too many wars. ②Have you gone through all your money already? ③I went through the students’ papers last night. ④He went through the reading test smoothly. ⑤The law now has gone through. 自主探究 go through的意思是 （例①）； （例②）； （例③）； （例④⑤） 聯(lián)想拓展 go on 繼續(xù)，持續(xù) go after 追求；追趕 go ahead 前進(jìn)；請(qǐng)說(shuō)（做）吧 go by 走過(guò)；（時(shí)間）過(guò)去 go along with向前；（與......)一起去 go in for 愛(ài)好；從事 go out 外出；（燈，火）熄滅 go over 越過(guò)；復(fù)習(xí) go through with 做完；完成 go up 爬上；（價(jià)格等）上升 即學(xué)即練 ⑴單項(xiàng)填空 ①We’d better try to ________ with the experiment, I think. Now let’s _______with it. A. go through; go on B. go on; go over C. go over; go through D. go on; go through ②If a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person_______ . A. go up B. rise up C. throw up D. set up ⑵用go 構(gòu)成的詞組填空 ①. It is wise not to __ _ with this plan. ②. Prices ____ _a little now. People are happy. ③. Anyway, don’t always______ _ at night by yourself. ④. I am tired. I want to now. 2. I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do…. 譯成漢語(yǔ) set down 語(yǔ)境展示 ①I will set down the story as it was told to me. ②Why don’t you set your ideas down on paper？ ③Set down the address before you forget it. ④They set down their bags to take a short break. 自主探究 set down 的主要意思是1） （例①②③）近義短語(yǔ)有 ， 等 2） （例④） 聯(lián)想拓展 set about (doing sth.) 著手（做某事） set out (to do sth.)開(kāi)始，著手(做某事) set aside 留出；不顧 set back（把鐘等）往回?fù)?；推遲 set free 釋放；解放 set off 動(dòng)身，出發(fā)（去某地）；使爆炸 set out 動(dòng)身，出發(fā)；安排，組織 set up開(kāi)辦；建立；設(shè)立 set an example to樹(shù)立榜樣 set fire to ...= set ... on fire縱火燒 be set in以……為背景 The bad weather set back the building program by several weeks. 由于天氣惡劣，建筑計(jì)劃延誤了好幾個(gè)星期。 We need to set about finding a solution. 我們得著手尋找一個(gè)解決辦法。 溫馨提示 set about 和set out都可作“開(kāi)始/著手做某事”講，但set about 后加doing sth.， 而set out后加 to do sth.。 即學(xué)即練 ①Having consulted our teacher, we _______ to perform the experiment. A. set about B. set out C. set to D. set off ②The terrible thunder _____ a lot of car alarms. A. set about B. set up C. set off D. set out 3. I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. 譯成漢語(yǔ) in order to ①In order to get a good seat, she arrived early ②.I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her. 自主探究 in order to 的意思是 ，后跟動(dòng)詞 可放于 （例①）和 （例②）；其否定形式是 。 聯(lián)想拓展 in order that… 以便……（后跟句子） so that… 以便……（后跟句子） so as to 為了……（只能置于句中，不能置于句首） 即學(xué)即練（漢譯英） ① 他早早動(dòng)身好按時(shí)到達(dá)。 __________________________________________________________________________ ② 她拼命干以便能到6點(diǎn)時(shí)把一切都準(zhǔn)備好。 __________________________________________________________________________ 句型解析 1. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)久無(wú)法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無(wú)比狂熱。 此句中的it’s ...that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。 ▲強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)： “It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分+that/who+其他成分”用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等成分。that只起連接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為sb.主語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用who,也可用that,其他情況一律用that。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，that后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)在人稱與數(shù)上保持一致。 ▲判斷是否是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，可采用“還原法”。如果還原為一般句式后，句子各種成分完整，則是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，否則不是。 It was three o’clock when I got home. 我到家的時(shí)候三點(diǎn)。 It was at three o’clock that I got home. 三點(diǎn)鐘我到的家。 It was in his town that he was brought up. 他是在鎮(zhèn)上被養(yǎng)大的。 It is I that/who am going for a holiday with Mary. 是我跟瑪麗一塊兒去度假。 練習(xí) 原句:I met her at the railway station yesterday. 強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ) ___________________________ 強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)_____________________________ 強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)_________________________ 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)________________________ 高考鏈接 1. (xx全國(guó)II ,20)It was in New Zealand ______ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. A. that B. how C. which D. when 2. (xx天津,8)It was along the Mississippi River ______Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. which C. that D. where 3. (xx重慶,22)It was not until midnight ______ they reached the camp site. A. that B. when C. while D. as 4. (xx浙江,10) It ______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ______ I found we had a lot in mon. A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasnt until; when D. wasnt until; that 5. (xx重慶,27) It is not who is right but what is right______ is of importance. A. which B. it C. that D. this 3. ...it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face ... ……這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次目睹夜晚…… 如果前面是“it is/this is/that is+the first/second time that ...”句式，表示“某人第幾次做某事”。其中,that引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，后面句子的時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；如果前面是it was ..., 后面則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 It is the first time that I have e to Zhuhai. 這是我第一次來(lái)珠海。 It was the second time that she had visited London. 那是她第二次游覽倫敦。 聯(lián)想拓展 It is (about /high) time that sb. did/should do 某人做某事的時(shí)間到了 the first time +句子 某人第一次做某事的時(shí)候 for the first time 首次，初次（單獨(dú)作狀語(yǔ)） The first time I saw her, she was selling flowers on the street. 我第一次見(jiàn)到她的時(shí)候，她正在街上賣花。 When I went to London for the first time, I knew nothing about it. 我第一次去倫敦時(shí)，對(duì)倫敦一無(wú)所知。 (1)單項(xiàng)填空 ①Its the third time late this week. A. that you are B. you are C. when you arrived D. that you have been ②It was the first time that he______ to the party. A. invited B. had been invited C. has been invited D. was invited 完成句子 ①It is the first time you _______ (be ) to Beijing. ②It is (high)time that I _______ (visit) the factory. Period 4 Language study and grammar 自主學(xué)習(xí)方案 重點(diǎn)詞匯拓展 1.________ vi. 安家；安定；停留；vt. 使安居；安排；解決 →__________ n.安頓；安居 2.________ vi.&vt.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷→__________n. 痛苦；苦楚→_________n.受難者 3._________vi.&vt.痊愈；康復(fù)；重新獲得→___________n.恢復(fù)；痊愈 4._________vi.&vt.捆扎；包裝；打行李 n.小包；包裹 5._________Vi 不同意→____________n. 不一致；意見(jiàn)相反 6._________adv.確實(shí)如此；正是；確切的 7._________adj.感激的；表示謝意的 8._________n.&vt.不喜歡；厭惡 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)梳理 1.suffer ___________ 遭受；患病 2.be/get ___________ ________ 對(duì)…厭煩 3.pack _______ 將（東西）裝箱打包 4._______ along with 與…相處；進(jìn)展 5.fall ________ _______ 相愛(ài)；愛(ài)上 6.join _______ 參加；加入 知識(shí)探究與發(fā)現(xiàn) 1.She found it difficult to settle and… 譯成漢語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)境展示 ①The family has settled in Canada ②He settled his child in a corner of the partment. ③Both wanted to settle their scores. 自主探究 settle 的意思是 （例①②）； （例③） 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： settle down 安靜下來(lái)，定頓下來(lái) She had a number of jobs abroad before she finally settled down. 她在國(guó)外做了很多年的工作才最終安頓下來(lái)。 Settle down! It’s time to start the lesson. 安靜！現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始上課了。 單項(xiàng)填空 ①—Do you know anyone in Paris? —No. I’ll make friends once ________. A. I’m settled B. I have settled C. I’ll be settled D. I’m settling ②The brake of your bicycle has e loose. You’d better _______ it . A. settle B. fix C. pick D. correct 2. She suffered from loneliness, but she … 譯成漢語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)境展示 ①The city suffered serious damage during the earthquake. ②. The factory suffered great loss in the fire. ③. He is suffering from a bad cold. ④. She often suffered from headache. 自主探究 suffer 的用法;suffer既可以用做_____動(dòng)詞,表示遭受失敗，損失，破壞等(例①②),又可以當(dāng)_____ 動(dòng)詞,表示患病,受痛苦等,常與______連用(如例③④) 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： suffer an attack/ a defeat /losses/ pains/ poverty/ hunger 遭受打擊/失敗/損失/痛苦/貧困/饑餓 聯(lián)想拓展 sufferer n. 受苦者，受難者 suffering n.痛苦，苦難 即學(xué)即練 （1）單項(xiàng)填空 In the countryside there are many dropouts (輟學(xué)者). I think the difficulty the poor economic conditions. A. lies in B. result in C. leads to D. suffers from （2）翻譯句子 我們?cè)诮鹑谖C(jī)中損失慘重。 _____________________________________ _ _. 3.I’ve got tired of looking at nature through the dirty curtains and dusty windows. 譯成漢語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)境展示 ①When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life. ②I was tired of being pushed around by my mother. ③We all got tired of doing the same thing. 自主探究 be/get tired of sth. /doing sth.的意思是 聯(lián)想拓展 be tired with/from 因......而疲勞；疲倦 tire sb./oneself out /be tired out 累壞了，疲憊不堪；筋疲力盡 She was so tired from the long walk that she went to bed the moment he came back home 長(zhǎng)途跋涉使她筋疲力盡，回到家倒頭便睡。They were cold,hungry and tired out. 他們又冷又餓，疲憊不堪。 即學(xué)即練 Mr Smith, ____ of the ____ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tired; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 4.I’m having some trouble with my classmate… 譯成漢語(yǔ) 語(yǔ)境展示 I don’t have any trouble with English grammar. 自主探究 have trouble with 的意思是_________ _ 聯(lián)想拓展 He had no trouble in finding the village. She has great trouble in speaking English. 自我歸納 have trouble in doing意思是______ ___ 即學(xué)即練 He has some trouble _____ his classmates, but hehas no trouble ____ doing his lessons. A. with; with B. in; in C. with; in D. in; with 5. to join in discussions and show interest in other people’s ideas 語(yǔ)境展示 ①M(fèi)ay I join in the game? ②.Will you join us in playing basketball? 自主探究 join in 的意思是_____ (如例①) join sb in (doing) sth 的意思是____ _(如例②) 辨析 join表示參加組織、黨派、團(tuán)體、軍隊(duì)、俱樂(lè)部等 join in表示參加游戲、活動(dòng)等； join sb. (in sth.) 表（和某人一起）做某事 take part in表示參與、參加討論、游行、比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、斗爭(zhēng)、運(yùn)動(dòng)、慶祝等 attend主要指出席、參加會(huì)議、婚禮；聽(tīng)講座、課、報(bào)告、音樂(lè)會(huì)等；上學(xué)、教堂 用上面所提供的辨析詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 ①. Can I ___________ the game? ②. Did you ___________ the fighting? ③. He __________ the army last year. ④. A lot of people __________ her wedding. Period 5 grammer 直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ) 引述別人的話有兩種方式：一是使用引號(hào)引出人家的原話，這叫做直接引語(yǔ)；一是用自己的話把人家的話轉(zhuǎn)述出來(lái)，這叫做間接引語(yǔ)。例如： John said, "I’m going to London with my father." 約翰說(shuō)："我要和父親到倫敦去。"（引號(hào)內(nèi)是直接引語(yǔ)） John said that he was going to London with his father. 約翰說(shuō)，他要和他父親去倫敦。（賓語(yǔ)從句是間接引語(yǔ)） 一、 如何變?nèi)朔Q; 下面有一句順口溜“一隨主。二隨賓，第三人稱不更新”?！耙浑S主”是指在直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果從句中的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語(yǔ)的人稱變化如： She said：“My brother wants to go with me. ”→She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二隨賓”是指直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，若從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第二人稱?；虮坏诙四闼揎?。從句中的人稱要跟引號(hào)外的主句的賓語(yǔ)一致。如果引號(hào)外的主句沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)。也可以用第一人稱，如： He said to Kate,“How is your sister now?”→He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)。如果從句中的主語(yǔ)及賓語(yǔ)是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化如： Mr Smith said,“Jack is a good worker.”→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worker. 二、如何變時(shí)態(tài)： 直接引語(yǔ)在改為間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。 現(xiàn)在時(shí)它需改為過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)改為完成時(shí)；過(guò)去完成時(shí)則保留原來(lái)的時(shí)態(tài)。如： 1)She said, "I have lost a pen."→She said she had lost a pen 2)She said,"We hope so."→She said they hoped so. 3) She said."He will go to see his friend."→She said he would go to see his friend. 但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)一般不變化。 ①直接引語(yǔ)是客觀真理。 "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 ②直接引語(yǔ)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如： Jack said. "John, where were you going when I met you in the street?"→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。 ③直接引語(yǔ)中有具體的過(guò)去某年、某月、某日作狀語(yǔ)，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如： Xiao Wang said,"I was born on April 2l, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。 ④直接引語(yǔ)如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，變間接引語(yǔ)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如： He said, "I get up at six every morning." →He said he gets up at six every morning。 ⑤如果直接引語(yǔ)中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有過(guò)