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2019-2020年高考英語 Unit 2 Robots要點(diǎn)梳理+重點(diǎn)突破教案 新人教版選修7 要 點(diǎn) 梳 理 高效梳理知識(shí)備考 ●重點(diǎn)單詞 1．desire n．渴望；欲望；渴求 vt.希望得到；想要→desirable adj.渴望的，有欲望的 2．satisfaction n．滿意；滿足；令人滿意的事物→satisfactory adj.令人滿意的→satisfy vt.使感到滿意 3．a(chǎn)larm vt.使警覺；使驚恐；驚動(dòng)n.警報(bào)；驚恐→alarmed adj.擔(dān)心的；害怕的 4．sympathy n．同情(心)→sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的→sympathize vi.同情；憐憫；贊同 5．overweight adj.超重的；體重超常的 6．elegant adj.優(yōu)雅的；高雅的；講究的 7．favour n．喜愛；恩惠vt.喜愛；偏袒→favourable adj.贊成的；有利的→favoured adj.滿意的；優(yōu)惠的→favourite n．最喜愛的 adj.最喜歡的 8．a(chǎn)bsurd adj.荒謬的；可笑的 9．a(chǎn)cpany vt.陪伴；伴奏 10．a(chǎn)ffair n．事務(wù)；事情；曖昧關(guān)系 11．declare vt.宣布；聲明；表明；宣稱→declaration n．宣言；公告；布告；告示 12．state vt.陳述；宣布 13．grand adj.大的；豪華的；雄偉的 14．staff n．全體員工；手杖→stuff n．原料、材料 15．junior adj.較年幼的；資歷較淺的；地位較低的n.年少者；晚輩；等級(jí)較低者→senior n. & adj.(反義詞) 16．talent n．天才；特殊能力；才干→telented adj.有才氣的；有才能的 17．divorce n．離婚；斷絕關(guān)系 vt.與……離婚；與……脫離 18．obey vt. & vi.服從；順從 ●重點(diǎn)短語 1．test out　　　　　　試驗(yàn)；考驗(yàn) 2．ring up 給……打電話 3．turn around 轉(zhuǎn)向；回轉(zhuǎn) 4．leave...alone 不管，別惹；讓……一個(gè)人待著 5．take...seriously 認(rèn)真對(duì)待…… 6．set aside 將……放在一邊；為……節(jié)省 或保留(錢或時(shí)間) 7．in all 一共；總計(jì) 8．be bound to 一定做…… 9．search for 尋找 10．or rather 更確切地說 11．a(chǎn) surprised look 吃驚的表情 ●重點(diǎn)句型 1．As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. 當(dāng)她轉(zhuǎn)過身時(shí)，格拉迪斯克拉芬站在那里。 2．But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt－you cannot have women falling in love with machines.但是，盡管托尼很聰明，他還得經(jīng)過一番改造——總不能讓女人與機(jī)器相愛吧！ 3．It was when Asimov was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious. 阿西莫夫的寫作天才是在他11歲時(shí)才顯露出來的。 4．Use a clear simple style as if you were writing to younger students in your school.運(yùn)用簡潔明了的寫作風(fēng)格，就好像你的讀者是你們學(xué)校低年級(jí)的學(xué)生那樣。 ●高考范文 (xx陜西) 某天，你班貼出了一張通知。請(qǐng)根據(jù)通知、內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)和要求寫一篇英文發(fā)言稿。 內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)： 1．你對(duì)“周五讀報(bào)活動(dòng)”的看法； 2．陳述你的理由(要舉例說明)； 3．你的具體建議。 要求：1.短文必須寫在答題卡的指定區(qū)域。 2．短文詞數(shù)不少于80(不含已寫好的部分)。 3．內(nèi)容充實(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)完整，語意連貫。 4．書寫須清晰、工整。 Dear fellow students， Our monitor suggests that we have “Friday News Hour”. I think that________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [范文] Dear_fellow_students， Our_monitor_suggests_that_we_have_“Friday_News_Hour”．_I_think_that it is a good idea. Everyone knows that we are busy all day. Seldom do we know what is happening both at home and abroad, let alone what we can do for our country. By reading newspapers we can get more information about the world outside. So I think “Friday News Hour” can broaden our mind and enrich our school life. What‘s more, it will help us improve our reading skills. As for my suggestion, I think it’s better to have it twice a week. And we should make a choice about what we‘ll read. I am sure everyone will benefit a lot from this activity. 考 點(diǎn) 探 究 互動(dòng)探究能力備考 Ⅰ.詞匯短語過關(guān) 1．desire v. 期望 n．欲望，希望，請(qǐng)求 desirable adj. 值得擁有的，可取的，有利的 have no desire for sth. 對(duì)……沒有欲望 have a strong desire to do sth.迫切想做某事 do sth. at sb.’s desire應(yīng)……的要求做某事 satisfy one‘s desires 滿足某人的欲望/愿望 desire for sth. 渴望得到…… desire to do/sb. to do sth. 迫切希望做/某人做某事 desire＋that＋主語＋(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形(虛擬語氣) It is desirable that＋主語＋(should＋)動(dòng)詞原形 ……是可取的。 [即學(xué)即練1](1)They _________________ to learn a second language.他們不想學(xué)另一種語言。 (2)I __________________ to a famous university. 我很想上一所名牌大學(xué)。 have no desire　 desire to go　 (3)Most people ____________ a lot of knowledge. 大多數(shù)人渴求更多的知識(shí)。 (4)The couple ____________ their son ____________ to a famous university.那對(duì)夫妻迫切地希望他們的兒子能上名牌大學(xué)。 desire for　 desired to go (5)The group leader desired that we ____________ it right away.那個(gè)組長迫切希望我們現(xiàn)在就開始做那件事。 (should) do 2．a(chǎn)larm n．警報(bào)；驚恐 vt.使警覺；使驚恐；驚動(dòng) give/raise/sound the alarm發(fā)警報(bào) take(the) alarm at... 對(duì)……感到吃驚；因……而驚恐 be alarmed at/for...被……嚇一跳 [即學(xué)即練2](1)He __________________ when the robber came in.搶劫犯一進(jìn)門他就報(bào)了警。 (2)I hope you didn’t __________________ the news. 我希望你沒有因?yàn)槁牭侥莻€(gè)消息而驚慌。 sounded the alarm　 take alarm at (3)The noise of the shot ______________ hundreds of birds. 槍聲驚動(dòng)了千百只鳥。 alarmed 3．sympathy n．同情，同情心；贊同，支持 have/feel sympathy for sb./sth.對(duì)某人/某物表示同情 get sympathy from sb.獲得某人的同情 out of sympathy出于同情 (have) sympathy with/for...贊同(支持)…… in sympathy with sb./sth.支持某人/某事 [即學(xué)即練3](1)It is his own fault, so he’ll ___________ ____________________ me. 這是他自己的錯(cuò)，所以我不會(huì)去同情他。 (2)We all ________________________ the victims of the Wenchuan Earthquake. 我們所有人對(duì)汶川大地震的遇難者都深表同情。 get no sympathy from 　have great sympathy for　 (3)Do you ________________________ his point of view？你同意他的觀點(diǎn)嗎？ (4)I’m __________________ you on that point. 在那一點(diǎn)上，我同意你的看法。 have any sympathy with in sympathy with 4．favour (＝favor) n．喜愛；恩惠，幫忙；優(yōu)惠vt.喜愛；偏袒 ask a favor of sb.求人幫一個(gè)忙，求人做某事 do a favor for sb.幫某人一個(gè)忙，給某人做件事 be in(out of) favor(with)受寵(失寵)，得到(不受)偏愛 in favor of贊成，主張 in one’s favor對(duì)某人有利 [即學(xué)即練4](1)May I ________________________ you？請(qǐng)您幫個(gè)忙行嗎？ (2)Was he __________________ the death penalty? 他贊成死刑嗎？ (3)_______________________ and turn the radio down while I’m on the phone, will you? 勞駕，我在打電話時(shí)把收音機(jī)的聲音調(diào)小點(diǎn)好嗎？ ask a favor of in favor of Do me a favor 5．a(chǎn)cpany vt. 陪伴；伴奏 acpany sth. with/by sth. 與……同時(shí)存在或發(fā)生 acpany sb. at/on sth. 用……給某人伴奏 acpany sb. to do sth. 陪某人去做某事 acpany sb. to... 陪某人到…… be acpanied by...由……伴奏 [即學(xué)即練5](1)Strong winds _____________________ heavy rain.狂風(fēng)夾著暴雨。 (2)Children under 14 must __________________ an adult.14歲以下的兒童必須有成人陪伴。 (3)I will _____________ Professor Li ___________ the station. 我要送李教授去車站。 were acpanied by be acpained by acpany to 6．declare v. 表明；聲明；宣布；宣告；宣稱 declare sth. 宣布某事 declare sb./sth. (to be)＋adj. 宣布某人/某物…… declare off 取消(約定等) declare for/against sb./sth.表示贊成/不贊成某人/某事 declare oneself 表明態(tài)度；發(fā)表意見 [即學(xué)即練6](1)I _________ this exhibition ______. 我宣布展覽會(huì)開幕。 (2)The doctor finally ____________ the man was dead. 醫(yī)生最終宣布該男子死亡。 (3)Police have now __________________ drug dealers in the area.警方已經(jīng)對(duì)這個(gè)地區(qū)的毒販宣戰(zhàn)了。 declare open declared that declared war on (4)Paredes decided to ____________ federation. 帕雷德斯決定聲明支持聯(lián)邦政府。 declare for 7．test out試驗(yàn)；測(cè)試；檢查 turn out證明是；生產(chǎn)；出來 put out熄滅；出版 let out泄露；放出，發(fā)出 set out著手，開始 find out找出 try out試驗(yàn) figure out合計(jì)，計(jì)算出；想出 [即學(xué)即練7](1)They ____________ the new sports car. 他們測(cè)試了那部新跑車。 (2)I’d better have my eyes _______________.我該去檢查視力了。 (3)Drugs should be ___________ animals. 藥品應(yīng)先在動(dòng)物身上做試驗(yàn)。 tested out　　 tested tested on (4)Guess the meaning of the words in the two boxes, then ____________ a few more words that you can add to each box.猜兩個(gè)方框中單詞的意思，并想出一些可以加入其中的單詞。 (5)All this may ____________ to be impossible. 這一切也許會(huì)被證明是不可能的。 figure out turn out (6)He ____________ a cry of surprise. 他驚訝地叫了一聲。 (7)They had ____________ the fire before we arrived there.我們到達(dá)之前，他們已撲滅了火。 let out　 put out 8．turn around 轉(zhuǎn)向；回轉(zhuǎn) turn away 走開，離開；把……打發(fā)走 turn down 拒絕，摒斥(提議、建議、提建議的人等) turn sb. in 把某人交給警察，向警方交出某人 turn sth. in 上繳，繳回；交出 turn out 證明為；結(jié)果 turn into 使成為；使變成；翻譯成 turn over 反復(fù)考慮，倒轉(zhuǎn) turn to 轉(zhuǎn)向；求救于，求助于 turn up 找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)，來到 [即學(xué)即練8]　用適當(dāng)?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空 (1)Turn _____________ and let me look at your back. (2)We were more than halfway up the mountain, so we didnt want to turn ___________. (3)Please turn the television __________ a bit as our baby is sleeping. around　 around 　down (4)Nobody can turn ______ the wheel of history. (5)The plan turned ______ to be a failure. (6)We often turn ______ this handbook for information on transistors. (7)Why did they suddenly turn you ______？ (8)As he had broken the rule of the factory, he was turned ______. back out to down away (9)He promised to e, but hasnt turned ______. up 9．leave...alone 不管；不要打擾；讓……一個(gè)人單獨(dú)待著 leave behind 留下；不帶走；忘了帶 leave for 動(dòng)身去…… leave off 停止；結(jié)束 leave out 省略；忘掉；漏掉 leave...aside 擱置一邊；不予考慮 leave it with me 把這事留給我吧 leave sth. for sb. 把某物遞交給某人 [即學(xué)即練9](1)①Go away and __________________！ 走開，別打擾我！ ②I‘ve told you before—_______________________！ 我告訴過你——?jiǎng)e碰我的東西！ leave me alone leave my things alone 提示：(1)leave/let sb./sth. alone＝let sb./sth. be 別管；不打擾；不碰；順其自然。 (2)let alone 更不用說。如： There isn‘t enough room for us, let alone any guests. 連我們都沒有足夠的空間，更不用說客人們了。 (2)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空 ①I think we should leave ______ now and have a cup of tea. ②Can you tell me the time? Ive left my watch ______. ③She left ______ an important detail in her account. ④Dont you think wed leave ______ the concert now? ⑤A railway station is no place for a child to be left ______ at night. off behind out for alone 10．set aside 留出，撥出，把……置于一旁 lay aside 放在一邊，積蓄 put aside 積蓄，擱一擱 set off 出發(fā)，起程，引爆 set about 著手/開始做……(后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞) set out 出發(fā)，開始 做……(后接不定式) set down 放下，記下 set up 建立，樹立，搭起 set...back 使推遲，耽誤 set forth 出發(fā)，動(dòng)身，起程，闡明，陳述 [即學(xué)即練10](1)①I‘ve ____________ some money for the journey.我為那趟旅行存了一些錢。 ②He ______ all offers ______. 所有的提議他都置之不理。 set aside set aside (2)用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空 ①Why dont you set your ideas ________ on paper? ②They have set ___________ on a journey around the world. ③I set _______ to knit a sweater but in the end it became a vest. ④A new government was set _________ after the civil war. ⑤Do you know how to set _______ going on this work? down off/out out up　 about Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)句型詳解 1．As she turned around, there_stood Gladys Claffern. 她剛一轉(zhuǎn)過身去，就看到格拉迪斯克拉芬站在那里。 There stands...倒裝句。(1)there, here, now, then 等副詞放在句首時(shí)，句子要完全倒裝，謂語動(dòng)詞常用 e, go, be, lie, run 等。 (2)表示方位的副詞或介詞短語置于句首時(shí)，句子也要完全倒裝，句中的謂語動(dòng)詞通常是 e, go等表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞。 (3)在上述全部倒裝中，主語如為人稱代詞，則應(yīng)放在動(dòng)詞前面。 ①There goes the bell. 鈴響了。 ②Now es your turn. 現(xiàn)在輪到你了。 ③The door opened and in came a teacher. 門開了，進(jìn)來一位老師。 ④Away went the students. 學(xué)生們走了。 Away they went. 他們走了。 ⑤Present at the meeting are some teachers and students. 一些老師和學(xué)生出席了會(huì)議。 [即境活用1]　—Look! There ______. —Oh, there______. A．es the bus; es it B．es the bus; it es C．the bus es; it es D．the bus es; es it 答案：B 解析：考查全部倒裝。注意主語是代詞時(shí)，不倒裝，故選B。 2．But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt—you cannot have women falling_in_love_with machines. 但是，盡管托尼很聰明，他還得經(jīng)過一番改造——你總不能讓女人與機(jī)器相愛吧。 have sb. doing 意為“叫/讓/使某人做某事或讓某種情況發(fā)生”。賓語后面用現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示賓語與現(xiàn)在分詞表示的動(dòng)作之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或一直進(jìn)行。won‘t have sb. doing 意為“不讓某人做某事”。 ①Don‘t have the baby crying! 不要讓嬰兒啼哭！ ②You’d better have your car running slowly. 你最好把車子開慢點(diǎn)兒。 ③I won‘t have you talking to your mother like that. 我不允許你這樣與你媽媽說話。 拓展：(1)have sb. do 讓某人做某事(do表示動(dòng)作由 sb. 發(fā)出) (2)have sb./sth. done 使某事被別人做(sb./sth. 與動(dòng)詞 do構(gòu)成動(dòng)賓關(guān)系) (3)have sth. to do 有事要做(to do做后置定語修飾 sth.，該不定式的動(dòng)作由主語發(fā)出) (4)have sth. to be done 有事要做(to do做后置定語修飾 sth.，但不定式的動(dòng)作不是由主語發(fā)出的，而是別人) ①I‘ll have the gardener plant some trees. 我要讓園丁種些樹。 ②Why dont you have your hair cut? 你為什么不理發(fā)？ ③I have some clothes to wash. 我有些衣服要洗。(洗衣服是主語發(fā)出的動(dòng)作) ④I have some clothes to be washed. 我有些衣服要洗。(洗衣服不是主語發(fā)出的動(dòng)作，由別人來做) [即境活用2]　You should understand the traffic rule by now. You‘ve had it ______ often enough. A．explaining　　 B．to explain C．explain D．explained 答案：D 解析：句中 it指 the traffic rule，故用 have sth. done “使某事被做”。 易 錯(cuò) 點(diǎn) 撥 自我完善誤區(qū)備考 1.affair/thing/matter/business/event (1)affair 意為“事情”“事件”，含義較廣，泛指已做或待做的事。復(fù)數(shù) affairs 一般指商業(yè)事務(wù)及政府的日常事務(wù)，如財(cái)政事務(wù)、外交事務(wù)等。 (2)thing 意為“事情”“事物”，不管大事還是小事，好事還是壞事均可稱為 thing；thing的復(fù)數(shù)形式 things 可作“形勢(shì)”解。 (3)matter 意為“事件”“事故”，系普通用詞，常指需要考慮和處理的事情，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)行動(dòng)，matter 作“物質(zhì)”解時(shí)，是不可數(shù)名詞。 (4)business 作“商務(wù)”“買賣”解時(shí)，不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式，常常指所指派的任務(wù)、職責(zé)，有時(shí)說的是指派的工作或商業(yè)上的買賣活動(dòng)等。常用的短語有 in business “經(jīng)商”；on business “有事，因公”等。 (5)event 多指“大事件”，尤指重要、有意思或不尋常的事件。 [應(yīng)用1]　(1)I can‘t say which wine is best—it’s a(n) ______ of personal taste. (2)It‘s none of your ____________. (3)What were the chief _____________ last year? (4)He thought she was having a(n)____________． matter business events affair 2. declare/announce (1)declare 指正式和明確地向公眾“宣布”“宣告”“聲明”，側(cè)重“當(dāng)眾”發(fā)表，多用于宣戰(zhàn)、議和、宣判某人有罪、宣布國家獨(dú)立等，declare 后可跟復(fù)合賓語。 (2)announce 指含有預(yù)告意味的“宣布”“宣告”或“發(fā)表”，指公開地或官方性質(zhì)的“宣布”，側(cè)重“預(yù)告”人們所關(guān)心或感興趣的事情，尤指新聞之類的消息，后如需接間接賓語時(shí)，要在間接賓語前加 to。 [應(yīng)用2]　(1)It was ______________ that there would be a celebration on Sunday. 據(jù)宣布，星期日要舉行慶祝(活動(dòng))。 (2)This powerful country ______________ war on that small country. 這個(gè)大國向那個(gè)小國宣戰(zhàn)。 (3)The court _____________ the young man guilty. 法庭宣布這位年輕人有罪。 announced　　 declared declared (4)The little girl ____________ that she would do an experiment on Friday. 這個(gè)小女孩向大家宣布她要在星期五做個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。 announced 3. have sb./sth. do/doing/done/to do/to be done的用法 [應(yīng)用3]　(1)You’d better have your car ____________ slowly. 你最好把車子開慢點(diǎn)。 (2)I won’t have you _____________ to your mother like that. 我不允許你這樣與你媽媽說話。 running　 talking (3)I have had Tom _____________ the housework again. 我已讓湯姆重新做了一遍家務(wù)。 (4)He had his wallet ____________ the station. 在車站他讓人掏了錢包。 (5)I’m sorry I can’t go to the movie with you. I have lots of letters ____________.(回信是主語的動(dòng)作) 對(duì)不起我不能與你一起看電影了，我有很多信要回。 do picked at to answer (6)Dolla, you can’t leave the office now. I have some letters __________________. 多拉，你現(xiàn)在還不能走，我有些信需要打印。(打印不是主語的動(dòng)作，是多拉做的事情) to be typed 高 效 作 業(yè) 自我測(cè)評(píng)技能備考 Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．He has a strong d________ for knowledge. 2．Can you do me the f_________ to fetch some chalk? 3．The girl has a t_________ for drawing and has won a national prize. 4．She is the e______ of the whole street. 5．She never expressed any s____________ when he was injured. desire　 favour talent envy sympathy 6．The ______ (全體員工) of our pany is excellent. 7．The singer was ______________ (伴隨) by the piano. 8．You must ______ (服從) the order and do as I told you. 9．I ___________ (宣布) the meeting closed. 10．What an _____________ (荒唐的) suggestion! staff　 acpanied obey declared absurd Ⅱ .單項(xiàng)選擇 1．(xx河北正定中學(xué))Every year in China, ______ day is set aside to honor and show respect to ______ elders. A．/; the B．the; the C．a(chǎn); / D．a(chǎn); the 答案：D 解析：考查冠詞。語意為“在中國，為了向老年人表示尊敬，每年有一天被定為敬老日”。day為可數(shù)名詞，在此表示泛指，故其前用a修飾；elders前加the表示老年人。 2．It’s unnatural for a mother to leave her child ______ to enjoy herself. A．a(chǎn)lone B．behind C．out D．off 答案：A 解析：leave...alone表示“丟下……不管”，是一個(gè)固定短語。 3．The accident happened on such an evening with strong winds ______ by heavy rain. A．a(chǎn)ppeared B．happened C．a(chǎn)cpanied D．mixed 答案：C 解析：本題中過去分詞短語acpanied by heavy rain做定語修飾winds, acpany意為“伴隨、陪伴”，符合語境。 4．We are not ready to go into production yet. The new switch mechanism isn’t fully ______. A．worked out B．turned out C．left out D．tested out 答案：D 解析：test out表示“試驗(yàn)”。句意為：我們還不準(zhǔn)備投產(chǎn)，新開關(guān)系統(tǒng)裝置還未完全調(diào)試好。只有test out符合語意要求。 5．Men and women should be treated equally according to the law, but ______ there is great room for improvement. A．in reality B．a(chǎn)bove all C．a(chǎn)fter all D．in return 答案：A 解析：句意：根據(jù)法律男人和女人應(yīng)該受到平等的對(duì)待。但事實(shí)上，這還有很大的改進(jìn)空間。in reality事實(shí)上；above all最重要的是；after all畢竟；in return作為回報(bào)，作為報(bào)答。 6．We desire that immediate help______to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood. A．be given B．will be given C．should give D．is given 答案：A 解析：desire賓語從句中用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，其中 should 可以省略。因?yàn)?help和 give 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故C錯(cuò)誤。 7．Young people should concern themselves with state ______. A．business B．matters C．incidents D．a(chǎn)ffairs 答案：D 解析：state affairs 指“國事”。 8．It is rather ______ that we still do not know how many species there are in the world today. A．misleading B．embarrassing C．boring D．demanding 答案：B 解析：句意：我們還不知道目前世界上的動(dòng)植物有多少種，這是令人尷尬的事。embarrassing “令人尷尬的”；misleading “令人誤解的”；boring “令人厭倦的”；demanding “(工作)苛求的，費(fèi)力的”。 9．Im sure we can manage to do it, for our luck has ______. A．turned down B．turned in C．turned around D．turned away 答案：C 解析：turn around 轉(zhuǎn)向，回轉(zhuǎn)；turn down 拒絕，關(guān)小(聲音等)；turn in 上交； turn away 打發(fā)走。 10．Busy as they are, parents should ______ at least two hours every week to spend with their children. A．set out B．set away C．set aside D．set off 答案：C 解析：句意為“盡管很忙，父母每周也應(yīng)該拿出至少兩個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間與孩子們?cè)谝黄稹?。set aside at least two hours 留出或拿出至少兩個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間。 11．The teacher was not satisfied with Toms ______ for his being late yesterday. A．a(chǎn)ccusation B．explanation C．declaration D．desire 答案：B 解析：explanation “解釋，解說”，此處指對(duì)遲到的解釋。accusation 控告，譴責(zé)；declaration 宣告，聲明； desire 欲望。 12．(xx江西師大附中一模)Jacks speech was heard by a group of live judges, all of ______ agreed that it was the best one this year. A．who B．which C．that D．whom 答案：D 解析：考查定語從句。先行詞是人，又是非限制性定語從句，排除B、C兩項(xiàng)。關(guān)系代詞作介詞of的賓語，所以選whom。 13．(xx上海春招)The employees ______ that they should renew their contracts within a week. A．a(chǎn)dvise B．have advised C．a(chǎn)re advised D．had been advised 答案：C 解析：考查動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)。語意：(公司)建議員工在一周內(nèi)簽合同。根據(jù)題意。The employees與advise為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C項(xiàng)。 14．The old woman ______ her sons and daughters ______ and see her from time to time. A．suggested; to e B．hoped; to e C．desired; ing D．desired; to e 答案：D 解析：考查 desire sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事。suggest 和 hope 都不能搭配 sb. to do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)。 15．He hurried to the booking office only ______ that all the tickets had been sold out. A．to be told B．to tell C．told D．telling 答案：A 解析：“only＋不定式”做結(jié)果狀語，表示動(dòng)作的結(jié)果，該結(jié)果常常出乎意料。根據(jù)句意可判斷出 he是 tell的動(dòng)作被執(zhí)行者，所以要用不定式的被動(dòng)式，表示被告知。 Ⅲ .閱讀理解 A What is an animal? For many people, an animal has four legs, a head at the front and a tail at the back. There are, in fact, many different kinds of animals. Some are so small that you cannot see them with human eyes. Some have no head, no mouth and no legs. Some live in the ocean. Some cant fly. They e in thousands of different shapes, sizes and colors. One of the largest groups of animals is the insect group. These animals have six parts to their bodies. Many insects cause human problems. Some carry diseases. Others are a problem because they eat the food that farmers grow. But there are insects, like bees and butterflies, which we need because they help flowers and fruit to grow. Like many of the insects, birds have wings and can fly. There are many different types of birds. Some eat fish and are happy living near rivers or the ocean. Others like to live in the countryside or near towns in flocks of many hundreds and mostly eat insects, and there are birds, like the mountain eagles, which eat meat with their strong sharp beaks. They also have sharp claws on their feet, which are perfect for hunting and killing. Like birds, mammals are warm－blooded, and just as all birds have feathers, all mammals have hair on their bodies. Sometimes you can hardly see the hair. Sometimes the hair is very thick, and then it is called fur. There are several different groups of mammals. There are the cats, which include lions and tigers; there are animals with large front teeth, which include mice and rats; there are the sea mammals, which include the whale, the largest animal in the world. Then there are animals which have two arms and can walk on two legs like monkeys and, of course, humans. Fish and reptiles are cold－blooded animals. Fish live in the ocean, but reptiles usually live on the land. Reptiles are probably the least popular animals. They include the long thin snakes that many people are afraid of. However, some people keep snakes in their homes as pets. 1．According to the passage, an animal ______. A．has four legs, a head at the front and a tail at the back B．is a living thing which is quite strong to humans C．is so small that people cant see it with human eyes D．may e in a different shape, size and color 答案及解析： 1．D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段可知?jiǎng)游锎笮「鳟?，顏色各異? 2．Why are insects monly considered to be harmful? A．They are among the largest groups of animals. B．They all have six legs and three parts to their bodies. C．Many of them bring trouble like disease to humans. D．They help flowers and fruit to grow every year. 答案及解析： 2．C。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。從第二段Many insects cause human problems.可知，許多昆蟲會(huì)給人類帶來麻煩，或傳染疾病或破壞糧食。 3．How are birds different from mammals? A．They have wings which help them to fly. B．T