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Unit 2 Poems 第四學(xué)時(shí) Grammar,虛擬語(yǔ)氣在主從復(fù)合句中的用法,1．虛擬語(yǔ)氣在主語(yǔ)從句中的用法 (1)在It is important(strange，natural，necessary) that.句型里，that所引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用(should)＋動(dòng)詞原形。 It is important that every member (should) know these rules. 重要的是每個(gè)成員都(必須)知道這些規(guī)則。,It is necessary that he (should)_be sent there at once. 有必要馬上派他到那里去。 It is very strange that she (should)_have left without saying goodbye. 她不辭而別，真讓人奇怪。 (2)It is demanded/required/suggested.＋thatclause，從句謂語(yǔ)用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”。,It is decided (has been decided) that the meeting (should) be postponed(延期)till tomorrow. It was required that each student (should)_bring enough food on the trip.,2．虛擬語(yǔ)氣在賓語(yǔ)從句中的用法,在suggest(建議)，propose(建議)，demand(要求/需要), request(要求/請(qǐng)求)，desire(請(qǐng)求/期望)，order(命令)，command(命令)，insist(堅(jiān)持)等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“( should )＋動(dòng)詞原形”，表建議、要求、命令。 Professor Wang suggested that we (should)not overuse our eyes and take more outdoor activities. 王教授建議我們不要過(guò)度用眼及多參加室外活動(dòng)。,提示：wish＋賓語(yǔ)從句：表示不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或美好的愿望，表示“但愿……；……就好了；可惜……；……多好”。 (1)表示現(xiàn)在不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，表虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 I wish (that) I were_young again. 要是我能返老還童就好了。 How I wish I were ten years younger. 我多么希望自己能年輕10歲。,(2)表示過(guò)去不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用had done/would (could)＋have done。 We wish we had_arrived there two hours earlier. 我們要是早兩個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)那兒就好了。 I wish I had_met him yesterday. 真希望昨天遇見(jiàn)他。 (3)表示將來(lái)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would (could)＋動(dòng)詞原形/were to＋動(dòng)詞原形。,I wish I could_fly to the moon one day. 但愿將來(lái)某一天我能飛上月球。 I wish it should_be fine tomorrow. 我希望明天是晴天。,3．虛擬語(yǔ)氣在同位語(yǔ)從句中的用法 demand，suggestion，proposal等名詞帶有同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即 (should)＋動(dòng)詞原形。 The suggestion that_the_plan_(should)_be_delayed(延遲) will be discussed tomorrow. 推遲那項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的建議將在明天討論。,4．虛擬語(yǔ)氣在狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法 由as if或as though引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句表示比較或方式。 He treats me as if I were a stranger. 他把我當(dāng)陌生人。 She talked about the film as if she had_really_seen it. 她談?wù)撃遣侩娪暗纳袂榫秃孟袼娴目催^(guò)一樣。,結(jié)論：表示與現(xiàn)在相反的情況，從句謂語(yǔ)形式為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(be用were); 表示與過(guò)去相反的情況，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“had＋過(guò)去分詞”。,5．虛擬語(yǔ)氣在表語(yǔ)從句中的用法 My demand is that you should_get_up at six. 我的要求是你應(yīng)六點(diǎn)起床。 His order is that all of us should_get there before 5 oclock. 他的命令是我們大家五點(diǎn)前到達(dá)那里。,6．在in order that或 so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用could/might/should＋動(dòng)詞原形 Mr.Green spoke slowly so that his students could/might_hear clearly. 為了讓學(xué)生聽(tīng)明白，格林先生說(shuō)得很慢。,7．在in case，for fear (that)，lest (以免，萬(wàn)一) 等引導(dǎo)的從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should＋動(dòng)詞原形 She took her raincoat with her in case/for fear that/lest she should_be_caught in the rain. 她帶上雨傘以免淋雨。 Remind me of it in case I should_forget. 記得提醒我，以防我忘記了。,8．在帶有even if/even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法 Even if Lin Tao were here，I should_say the same thing. 即使林濤在這兒，我也會(huì)這樣說(shuō)。 Even though he had_been ill，he would_have_gone to his office. 即使病了，他仍會(huì)去上班。,9．虛擬語(yǔ)氣在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法 It is (about/high) time＋主語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去式/should＋動(dòng)詞原形。 It is (about)time our team won. 我們隊(duì)該贏了。 It is high time that we had a party. 我們?cè)撆e行晚會(huì)了。,10．虛擬語(yǔ)氣其他常見(jiàn)句式 (1) If only (要是……就好了)的用法。 表現(xiàn)在的強(qiáng)烈愿望：動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式； 表過(guò)去的強(qiáng)烈愿望：動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)； 表將來(lái)的強(qiáng)烈愿望：動(dòng)詞用would/could＋動(dòng)詞原形。 If only I could learn English well in one day.(現(xiàn)在) 要是我一天能學(xué)會(huì)英語(yǔ)就好了！,If only I had_not_been late for the interview that day！(過(guò)去) 那天面試我要是沒(méi)遲到該多好?。?If only he would_reply.(將來(lái)) 他如能回復(fù)該多好！ (2)would rather(寧愿，寧可)后接從句，動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。,表與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望：動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式； 表與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望：動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 I would rather she were not present. 我寧可她不在場(chǎng)。(事實(shí)上她在場(chǎng)，現(xiàn)在前提) I would rather he had_told me the truth. 我寧可他告訴我事實(shí)真相。(事實(shí)上他沒(méi)告訴我真相，過(guò)去前提),11．在其他句型中的用法 (1)Without air，there would_be no living things. 沒(méi)有空氣，就沒(méi)有生命。 (2)But for your help，I could_not_have_done it. 要不是你幫忙，我做不好這件事。 (3)May you succeed! 祝你成功！,(4)Long live the Chinese Communist Party. 中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨萬(wàn)歲！ (5)Be careful when crossing the street，otherwise/or you would be hurt. 過(guò)馬路時(shí)要小心，否則你可能會(huì)受傷的。,