2019-2020年高中英語 第二冊 語法總結 主謂一致.doc
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2019-2020年高中英語 第二冊 語法總結 主謂一致 I.單數(shù)主語: 1.當 every-, some-, any-, no- 等構成的不定代詞及 each, either, neither 作主語時,謂語動詞為單數(shù)。 ● Someone has told me about it. ● Neither of us likes the film. 2.當 every 或 each 位于兩個由連接詞連接的單數(shù)主語前,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。(必記之要點?。? ● Each girl and boy has a nickname. ● Every man and woman is wele. 3.位于主謂之間的介詞短語不影響謂語動詞的數(shù),謂語動詞須和主語一致。常見介詞短語有:in addition to, together with, as well as, along with, but, except, etc. (這是一幾乎所有考試都不愿放過的重點。) ● The teacher along with his students is going to the party. ● His parents as well as his elder sister have e to see him. II.復數(shù)主語: 1.當主語由 and 或 both ... and 連接,通常采用復數(shù)謂語動詞。 ● Both the girl and the boy are his friends. 2.如主語是both, few或主語前有both, few, several, many 等限定詞時,謂語動詞須用復數(shù)。 ● Several novels have been written by her. ● Both got the news at the same time. 3.下列名詞總是復數(shù)形式且謂語動詞必須用復數(shù)。 trousers, pants, jeans, glasses, scissors, tweezers, plier, scales , passes, etc. ● The trousers here are mine. 別忘了:如果以上名詞受 “a pair of” “the pair of”修飾時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 The pair of pants is too dirty. III.單、復數(shù)的靈活運用: 1.當主語由 neither... nor, either... or, not only ... but also 或 or 連接時,謂語動詞與nor, or, but also后面的詞一致,在英語語法中,這被稱之為“就近原則”。 ● Neither he nor I am going to the airport. ● Not only Mary but also her parents have gone abroad. 2.當主語前面有 none, all, some, any, most, half, majority等詞時,謂語動詞則根據(jù)主語的具體情況而采用相應的單、復數(shù)。 ● All of the money has been in the bank. (money 是不可數(shù)名詞) ● All of us have been here. 3.“a number of”是復數(shù),修飾可數(shù)名詞,謂語動詞為復數(shù),“the number of”也修飾復數(shù)名詞,但謂語動詞用單數(shù)。(黃金要點?。。? ● A number of students have passed the exam. ● The number of students in this class is 50. IV. 用作單數(shù)的復數(shù)形式主語: 1.如主語是指:time, money, weight, volume, etc. 雖為復數(shù)形式,但謂語用單數(shù)形式。 ● Two years is a short time. ● One hundred dollars is needed by me. 2.下列單詞如:physics,economics,mathematics,statistics,etc;measles,mumps,herpes,etc,news,ethics,politics,etc. 為復數(shù)形式,但謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 ● Statistics is a dull subject. ● Politics is important. 3.書、報、雜志、電影的名稱作主語,謂動用作單數(shù)。 ● The New York Times is a good newspaper. V.下列名詞在形式上保持不變,但謂語動詞的數(shù)取決于其意義: 1.family,team,class,mittee,group,audience,faculty,etc. ● The family is big.(總體) ● His family like to watch TV.(家庭所有成員) 2.species,series,etc. ● The species is rare. ● These species are mon. 3.sheep,deer,etc. ● The sheep are eating grass. ● The sheep is big. VI. Chinese, English, French, etc 指語言時,謂動是單數(shù),如與 "the" 搭配,指人民時,謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 English is used widely. The English love peace. VII. 注意下列外來語的單復數(shù)形: 單數(shù) 復數(shù) basis bases crisis crises criterion criteria phenomenon phenomena radius radii alumnus alumni datum data medium media index indices appendix appendices alga algae vita vitae 測試精編 1. Students today are writing ________ of poetry. A. a great many lines B. quantities of lines C. lots lines D. a large number 2. The bookstore had not ordered ________ texts for all the students in the course. A. plenty of B. enough C. as many D. enough of 3. — What did you see? — We saw ________ police there. A. many B. much C. little D. the 4. — Do you want to wait? — Two weeks ________ too long for me to wait. A. is B. are C. were D. was 5. There they were greeted by a woman called Zenobia, ________. A. being a beautiful woman of wealth and position B. who is beautiful woman of wealth and position C. a beautiful woman of wealth and position D. and a beautiful woman of wealth and position (后設答案,大家不要偷看哦~(*^__^*) 嘻嘻……) KEYS 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C- 配套講稿:
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